THE DARK SIDE OF WHEAT GLUTEN AND CELIAC DISEASE

THE DARK SIDE OF WHEAT

~ A Critical Appraisal of the Role of Wheat in Human Disease ~

Foreword by Dr. Ron Hoggan

Having studied gluten grains and their impact on human health for almost 20 years now, the surprises

caused by new insights are more and more rare. Nonetheless, when I read about Sayer Ji's startling

perception of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and the several pathways by which it can impact our

mental and physical health, partly due to its ability to cross protective barriers of the gut and the brain, I

was, at first, very skeptical. Further investigation revealed that he really was onto something new. And

the implications of this new understanding are, to say the least, dramatic. His work raises legitimate

questions about one facet of gluten grains that has largely been ignored by the gastrointestinal research

community. It opens windows of understanding. And it provides a different vantage point on these

perplexing problems. Here is my promise to you, dear reader: There is a whole new world revealed

through Sayer Ji's work. Read on. Enjoy. Puzzle it out. And by the end of your reading, you will wonder

how your prior view could have been so simplistic and, perhaps, misguided.

Sir Isaac Newton's famous metaphor (perhaps quoting others) said something to the effect that we see

further, not because of any special endowment of our own, but because we are standing on the

shoulders of giants. After reading Sayer's work on WGA, I felt as if I had just been boosted to a higher

plane from which I could see and understand much, much more. Sayer's insights continue to shape and

inform much of my effort to understand the various impacts of grains on human health.

Dr. Ron Hoggan, Ed. D.

Co-author: Dangerous Grains and Cereal Killers

Author: The Iron Edge

Editor: The Journal of Gluten Sensitivity

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Part I: New Perspectives On Celiac Disease & Wheat

Intolerance

By Sayer Ji, founder of GreenMedInfo.com

The globe-spanning presence of wheat and its exalted status among secular and sacred

institutions alike differentiates this food from all others presently enjoyed by humans. Yet the

unparalleled rise of wheat as the very catalyst for the emergence of ancient civilization has not

occurred without a great price. While wheat was the engine of civilization’s expansion and was

glorified as a “necessary food,” both in the physical (staff of life) and spiritual sense (the body of

Christ), those suffering from celiac disease are living testimony to the lesser known dark side of

wheat. A study of celiac disease and may help unlock the mystery of why modern man, who

dines daily at the table of wheat, is the sickest animal yet to have arisen on this strange planet of

ours.

THE CELIAC ICEBERG

Celiac disease (CD) was once considered an extremely rare affliction, limited to individuals of

European origin. Today, however, a growing number of studies indicate that celiac disease is

found throughout the US at a rate of up to 1 in every 133 persons, which is several orders of

magnitude higher than previously estimated.i

These findings have led researchers to visualize CD as an iceberg. The tip of the iceberg

represents the relatively small number of the world’s population whose gross presentation of

clinical symptoms often leads to the diagnosis of celiac disease.ii This is the classical case of CD

characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, malabsorption and malnourishment. It is confirmed

with the “gold standard” of an intestinal biopsy. The submerged middle portion of the iceberg is

largely invisible to classical clinical diagnosis, but not to modern serological screening methods

in the form of antibody testing.iii This middle portion is composed of asymptomatic and latent

celiac disease as well as “out of the intestine” varieties of wheat intolerance. Finally, at the base

of this massive iceberg sits approximately 20-30% of the world’s population – those who have

been found to carry the HLA-DQ locus of genetic susceptibility to celiac disease on chromosome

6.iv

The “Celiac Iceberg” may not simply illustrate the problems and issues associated with diagnosis

and disease prevalence, but may represent the need for a paradigm shift in how we view both CD

and wheat consumption among non-CD populations.

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First let us address the traditional view of CD as a rare, but clinically distinct species of

genetically-determined disease, which I believe is now running itself aground upon the

emerging, post-Genomic perspective, whose implications for understanding and treating disease

are Titanic in proportion.

IT IS NOT THE GENES, BUT WHAT WE EXPOSE THEM TO

Despite common misconceptions, monogenic diseases, or diseases that result from errors in the

nucleotide sequence of a single gene are exceedingly rare. Perhaps only 1% of all diseases fall

within this category, and Celiac disease is not one of them. In fact, following the completion of

the Human Genome Project (HGP) in 2003 it is no longer accurate to say that our genes “cause”

disease, any more than it is accurate to say that DNA is sufficient to account for all the proteins

in our body. Despite initial expectations, the HGP revealed that there are only 20,000-25,000

genes in human DNA (genome), rather than the 100,000 + believed necessary to encode the

100,000 + proteins found in the human body (proteome).

The “blueprint” model of genetics: one gene → one protein → one cellular behavior, which was

once the holy grail of biology, has now been supplanted by a model of the cell where epigenetic

factors (literally: “beyond the control of the gene”) are primary in determining how DNA will be

interpreted, translated and expressed. A single gene can be used by the cell to express a multitude

of proteins and it is not the DNA itself that determines how or what genes will be

expressed. Rather, we must look to the epigenetic factors to understand what makes a liver cell

different from a skin cell or brain cell. All of these cells share the exact same 3 billion base pairs

that make up our DNA code, but it is the epigenetic factors, e.g. regulatory proteins and posttranslational

modifications, that make the determination as to which genes to turn on and which

to silence, resulting in each cell’s unique phenotype. Moreover, epigenetic factors are directly

and indirectly influenced by the presence or absence of key nutrients in the diet, as well as

exposures to chemicals, pathogens and other environmental influences.

In a nutshell, what we eat and what we are exposed to in our environment directly affects

our DNA and its expression.

Within the scope of this new perspective even classical monogenic diseases like Cystic Fibrosis

(CF) can be viewed in a new, more promising light. In CF many of the adverse changes that

result from the defective expression of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance

Regulator (CFTR) gene may be preventable or reversible, owing to the fact that the misfolding of

the CFTR gene product has been shown to undergo partial or full correction (in the rodent

model) when exposed to phytochemicals found in turmeric, cayenne, and soybean.v Moreover,

nutritional deficiencies of seleniun, zinc, riboflavin, vitamin e, etc. in the womb or early in life,

may “trigger” the faulty expression or folding patterns of the CFTR gene in Cystic Fibrosis

which might otherwise have avoided epigenetic activation.vi This would explain why it is possible

to live into one’s late seventies with this condition, as was the case for Katherine Shores (1925-

2004). The implications of these findings are rather extraordinary: epigenetic and not genetic

factors are primary in determining disease outcome. Even if we exclude the possibility of

reversing certain monogenic diseases, the basic lesson from the post-Genomic era is that we

can’t blame our DNA for causing disease. Rather, it may have more to do with what we choose

to expose our DNA to.

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CELIAC DISEASE REVISITED

What all of this means for CD is that the genetic susceptibility locus, HLA DQ, does not

determine the exact clinical outcome of the disease. Instead of being the cause, if the HLA genes

are activated, they are a consequence of the disease process. Thus, we may need to shift our

epidemiological focus from viewing this as a classical “disease” involving a passive subject

controlled by aberrant genes, to viewing it as an expression of a natural, protective response to

the ingestion of something that the human body was not designed to consume.vii

If we view celiac disease not as an unhealthy response to a healthy food, but as a

healthy response to an unhealthy food, classical CD symptoms like diarrhea may make

more sense. Diarrhea, for instance, can be the body’s way to reduce the duration of

exposure to a toxin or pathogen, and villous atrophy can be the body’s way of preventing

the absorption and hence, the systemic effects of chronic exposure to wheat.

I believe we would be better served by viewing the symptoms of CD as expressions of bodily

intelligence rather than deviance. We must shift the focus back to the disease trigger, which is

wheat itself.

People with celiac may actually have an advantage over the apparently unafflicted because those

who are “non-symptomatic” and whose wheat intolerance goes undiagnosed or misdiagnosed

because they lack the classical symptoms and may suffer in ways that are equally or more

damaging, but expressed more subtly, or in distant organs.viii Within this view celiac disease

would be redefined as a protective (healthy?) response to exposure to an inappropriate substance,

whereas “asymptomatic” ingestion of the grain with its concomitant “out of the intestine” and

mostly silent symptoms, would be considered the unhealthy response insofar as it does not signal

in an obvious and acute manner that there is a problem with consuming wheat.ix

It is possible that celiac disease represents both an extreme reaction to a global, human speciesspecific

intolerance to wheat that we all share in varying degrees. CD symptoms may reflect the

body’s innate intelligence when faced with the consumption of a substance that is inherently

toxic. Let me illustrate this point using Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA), as an example.

WGA is classified as a plant lectin, produced by wheat as a defense against predation, and is

known to play a key role in kidney pathologies, such as IgA nephropathy. In the article: “Do

dietary lectins cause disease?” the Allergist David L J Freed points out that WGA binds to

“glomerular capillary walls, mesangial cells and tubules of human kidney and (in rodents) binds

IgA and induces IgA mesangial deposits,” indicating that wheat consumption may lead to kidney

damage in susceptible individuals.x

Indeed, a study from the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research in Milan Italy

published in 2007 in the International Journal of Cancer looked at bread consumption and the

risk of kidney cancer. They found that those in the who consumed the most bread (highest

quintile) had a 94% higher risk of developing kidney cancer compared to those who consumed

the least bread (lowest quintile).xi Given the inherently toxic effect that WGA may have on

kidney function, it is possible that in certain genetically predisposed individuals (e.g. HLADQ2/

DQ8) the body – in its innate intelligence – makes an executive decision: either continue

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to allow damage to the kidneys (or possibly other organs) until kidney failure and rapid death

result, or launch an autoimmune attack on the villi to prevent the absorption of the offending

substance which results in a prolonged though relatively malnourished life. This is the explanation

typically given for the body’s reflexive formation of mucous following exposure to certain highly

allergenic or potentially toxic foods, e.g. dairy products, sugar, etc? The mucous coats the

offending substance, preventing its absorption and facilitating safe elimination via the

gastrointestinal tract. From this perspective the HLA-DQ locus of disease susceptibility in the CD

is not simply activated but utilized as a defensive adaptation to continual exposure to a harmful

substance. In those who do not have the HLA-DQ locus, an autoimmune destruction of the villi

will not occur as rapidly, and exposure to the universally toxic effects of WGA will likely go

unabated until silent damage to distant organs leads to the diagnosis of a disease that is apparently

unrelated to wheat consumption. (There are over 200 adverse health effects of wheat consumption

found in the biomedical literature and which can be viewed here:

http://www.greenmedinfo.com/toxic-ingredient/wheat)

Loss of kidney function may only be the “tip of the iceberg,” when it comes to the possible

adverse effects that wheat proteins and wheat lectin can generate in the body. If kidney cancer is

a likely possibility, then other cancers may eventually be linked to wheat consumption as

well. This correlation would fly in the face of globally sanctioned and reified assumptions about

the inherent benefits of wheat consumption. It would require that we suspend cultural, socioeconomic,

political and even religious assumptions about its inherent benefits. In many ways, the

reassessment of the value of wheat as a food requires a William Boroughs-like moment of

shocking clarity when we perceive “in a frozen moment….what is on the end of every

fork.” Let’s take a closer look at what is on the end of our forks…

OUR BIOLOGICALLY INAPPROPRIATE DIET

In a previous writings, we have discussed the role that wheat plays as an industrial adhesive (e.g.

paints, paper mache’, and book binding-glue) in order to illustrate the point that it may not be

such a good thing for us to eat. The problem is implicit in the word gluten, which literally means

“glue” in Latin and in words like pastry and pasta, which derive from wheatpaste, the original

concoction of wheat flour and water which made such good plaster in ancient times. What gives

gluten its adhesive and difficult-to-digest qualities are the high levels of disulfide bonds it

contains. These same sulfur-to-sulfur bonds are found in hair and vulcanized rubber products,

which we all know are difficult to decompose and are responsible for the sulfurous odor they emit

when burned.

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According to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FOA), it is estimated that 676 million

metric tons of wheat were produced in 2011 alone, making it the primary cereal of temperate

regions and third most prolific cereal grass on the planet. This global dominance of wheat is

signified by the FOA’s (the United Nation’s international agency for defeating hunger) use of a

head of wheat as its official symbol, and its Latin motto “Fiat Panis,” or “Let There Be Bread.”

Any effort to indict the credibility of this “king of grains” will prove challenging. As Rudolf

Hauschka once remarked, wheat is “a kind of earth-spanning organism.” It has vast socioeconomic,

political, and cultural significance. For example, in the Catholic Church, a wafer

made of wheat is considered irreplaceable as the embodiment of Christ. .

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Our dependence on wheat is matched only by its dependence on us. As Europeans and their

culture have spread across the planet, so has this grain. We have assumed total responsibility for

all phases of the wheat life cycle: from fending off its pests; to providing its ideal growing

conditions; to facilitating reproduction and expansion into new territories. We have become so

inextricably interdependent that neither species is sustainable at current population levels

without this symbiotic relationship.

It is this codependence that may explain why our culture has for so long consistently confined

wheat intolerance to categorically distinct, “genetically-based” diseases like “celiac.” These

categorizations may protect us from the realization that wheat exerts a vast number of deleterious

effects on human health in the same way that “lactose intolerance” distracts attention from the

deeper problems associated with the casein and related incompatible proteins found in cow’s milk.

Rather than see wheat for what it very well may be: a biologically inappropriate food source, we

“blame the victim,”and look for genetic explanations for what’s wrong with small subgroups of

our population who have the most obvious forms of intolerance to wheat consumption, e.g. celiac

disease, dermatitis herpetiformis, exercise-induced anaphylaxis, etc. The medical justification for

these classifications may be secondary to economic and cultural imperatives that require the

inherent problems associated with wheat consumption be minimized or occluded.

In all probability the celiac genotype represents a surviving vestigial branch of a once universal

genotype, which through accident or intention, have had through successive generations only

limited exposure to wheat. The “celiac genotype,” no doubt, survived through numerous

bottlenecks or “die offs” represented by a dramatic shift from hunted and foraged/gathered foods

to gluten-grain consumption, and for whatever reason simply did not have adequate time to adapt

or select out the gluten-grain incompatible genes. The “celiac response” may indeed reflect a

prior, species-wide intolerance to a novel food source: the seed storage form of the

monocotyledonous cereal grasses which our species only began consuming 1-500 generations ago

at the advent of the Neolithic transition (10-12,000 BC). Let us return to the image of the celiac

iceberg for greater clarification.

OUR SUBMERGED GRAIN-FREE METABOLIC PREHISTORY

The iceberg metaphor is an excellent way to expand our understanding of what was once

considered to be an extraordinarily rare disease into one that has statistical relevance for us all, but

it has a few limitations. For one, it reiterates the commonly held view that Celiac Disease is a

numerically distinct disease entity or “disease island,” floating alongside other numerically distinct

disease “ice cubes” in the vast sea of normal health. Though accurate in describing the sense of

social and psychological isolation many of the afflicted feel, the celiac iceberg/condition may not

be a distinct disease entity at all.

Although the HLA-DQ locus of disease susceptibility on chromosome 6 offers us a place to

project blame, I believe we need to shift the emphasis of responsibility for the condition back to

the disease “trigger” itself: namely, wheat and other prolamine rich grains, e.g. barley, rye, spelt,

and in some cases oats. Without these grains the typical afflictions we call celiac disease-related

would not exist. Within the scope of this view the “celiac iceberg” is not actually free floating but

an outcropping from an entire submerged subcontinent, representing our long-forgotten (cultural

time) but relatively recent metabolic prehistory as hunters-and-gatherers (biological time), where

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grain consumption was, in all likelihood, non-existent, except in instances of near-starvation.

The pressure on those with celiac disease to be viewed as exceptional cases or rare deviations

may have everything to do with our preconscious belief that wheat, and grains as a whole are the

“health foods,” and very little to do with a rigorous investigations of the facts.

Grains have been heralded since time immemorial as the “staff of life,” when in fact they are

more accurately described as a cane, precariously propping up a body starved of the nutrientdense,

low-starch vegetables, fruits, edible seeds and meats, they have so thoroughly supplanted

(cf. Paleolithic Diet). Most of the diseases of affluence, e.g. type 2 diabetes, coronary heart

disease, cancer, etc. can be linked to the consumption of a grain-based diet, including secondary

“hidden sources” of grain consumption in grain-fed fish, poultry, meat, milk products and now

even factory-farmed fish.xii

Our modern belief that grains make for ‘good food,’ is simply not supported by the facts. The

cereal grasses are within an entirely different family: monocotyledonous (one-leafed embryo)

than that from which our body sustained itself for millions of years: dicotyledonous (twoleafed

embryo). The preponderance of scientific evidence points to a human origin in the

tropical rainforests of Africa where dicotyledonous fruits would have been available for year

round consumption. It would not have been monocotyledonous plants, but the flesh of hunted

animals that would have allowed for the migration out of Africa 60,000 years ago into the

northern latitudes where vegetation would have been sparse or non-existent during late fall

and winter months. Collecting and cooking grains would have been improbable given the low

nutrient and caloric content of grains and the inadequate development of pyrotechnology and

associated cooking utensils necessary to consume them with any efficiency.

It was not until the end of the last Ice Age 20,000 years ago that our human ancestors would

have slowly transitioned to a cereal grass based diet coterminous with emergence of

civilization, which is to say grain-based cultures formed around cities. 20,000 years is

probably not enough time to fully adapt to the consumption of grains. Even animals like

cows with a head start of thousands of years, having evolved to graze on monocotyledons

and equipped as ruminants with the four-chambered fore-stomach enabling the breakdown of

cellulose and anti-nutrient rich plants, are not designed to consume grains. Cows are

designed to consume the sprouted mature form of the grasses and not their desiccated seed

storage form. Grains are so acidic/toxic in reaction that exclusively grain-fed cattle are prone

to developing severe acidosis and subsequent liver abscesses and infections, etc. Feeding

wheat to cattle provides an even greater challenge:

“Beef: Feeding wheat to ruminants requires some caution as it tends to be more apt than other

cereal grains to cause acute indigestion in animals which are unadapted to it. The primary

problem appears to be the high gluten content of which wheat in the rumen can result in a

"pasty" consistency to the rumen contents and reduced rumen motility.”

(Source: Ontario ministry of Agriculture food & Rural affairs)

Seeds, after all, are the "babies" of these plants, and are invested with not only the entire hope for

continuance of its species, but a vast armory of anti-nutrients and related plant defenses to help it

accomplish this task: toxic lectins, phytates and oxalates, alpha-amalyase and trypsin inhibitors,

and endocrine disrupters. These not so appetizing phytochemicals enable plants to resist predation

of their seeds, or at least preventing them from "going out without a punch."

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WHEAT: AN EXCEPTIONALLY UNWHOLESOME GRAIN.

Wheat presents a special case insofar as wild and selective breeding has produced variations

which include up to 6 sets of chromosomes (3x the human genome worth!) capable of generating

a massive number of proteins, each with a distinct potentiality for antigenicity. Common bread

wheat (Triticum aestivum), for instance, has over 23,788 proteins cataloged thus far. xiii In fact,

the genome for common bread wheat is actually 6.5 times larger than that of the human genome!

With up to a 50% increase in gluten content as compared to some more ancient varieties of

wheat, it is amazing that we continue to consider “glue-eating” a normal behavior, whereas

wheat-avoidance is left to the “celiac” who is still perceived by the majority of health care

practitioners as mounting a “freak”

reaction to the consumption of something intrinsically wholesome.

Thankfully, we don’t need to rely solely on our intuition, or even (not so) common sense to draw

conclusions about the inherently unhealthy nature of wheat. A wide range of investigation has

occurred over the past decade revealing the problem with the alcohol soluble protein component

of wheat known as gliadin, the substance known as lectin (Wheat Germ Agglutinin), the exorphin

known as gliadomorphin, and the excitotoxic potentials of high levels of aspartic and glutamic

acid also found in wheat. Add to these the anti-nutrients found in grains such as phytates, enzyme

inhibitors, etc. and you have a substance which we may more rightly consider the farthest thing

from wholesome.

The remainder of this article will demonstrate the following adverse effects of wheat on both

celiac and non-celiac populations:

1) Wheat causes damage to the intestines

2) Wheat causes intestinal permeability

3) Wheat has pharmacologically active properties

4) Wheat causes damage that is “out of the intestine” affecting distant organs

5) Wheat induces molecular mimicry

6) Wheat contains high concentrations of excitoxins.

1) WHEAT GLIADIN MAY CAUSE IMMUNE-MEDIATED DAMAGE TO THE

INTESTINES

Gliadin is classified as a prolamin, which is a wheat storage protein high in the amino acids

proline and glutamine and soluble in strong alcohol solutions. Gliadin, once deamidated by the

enzyme Tissue Transglutaminase, is considered the primary epitope for T-cell activation and

subsequent autoimmune destruction of intestinal villi. Yet gliadin does not need to activate an

autoimmune response, e.g. celiac disease, in order to have a deleterious effect on intestinal

tissue.xiv

In a study published in GUT in 2007 a group of researchers asked the question: “Is gliadin really

safe for non-coeliac individuals?” In order to test the hypothesis that an innate immune response

to gliadin is common in patients with celiac disease and without celiac disease, intestinal biopsy

cultures were taken from both groups and challenged with crude gliadin, the gliadin synthetic 19-

mer (19 amino acid long gliadin peptide) and 33-mer deamidated peptides. Results showed that

all patients with or without CD when challenged with the various forms of gliadin produced an

interleukin-15-mediated response. The researchers concluded: “The data obtained in this pilot

study supports the hypothesis that gluten elicits its harmful effect, throughout an IL15 innate

immune response, on all individuals [my italics].”xv

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The primary difference between the two groups is that the celiac disease patients experienced both

an innate and an adaptive immune response to the gliadin, whereas the non-celiacs experienced

only the innate response. The researchers hypothesized that the difference between the two

groups may be attributable to greater genetic susceptibility at the HLA-DQ locus for triggering an

adaptive immune response, higher levels of immune mediators or receptors, or perhaps greater

permeability in the celiac intestine. It is possible that over and above the possibility of greater

genetic susceptibility, most of the differences are from epigenetic factors that are influenced by

the presence or absence of certain nutrients in the diet. Other factors such as exposure to NSAIDs

like naproxen or aspirin can profoundly increase intestinal permeability in the non-celiac,

rendering them susceptible to gliadin’s potential for activating secondary adaptive immune

responses. This may explain why in up to 5% of all cases of classically defined celiac disease the

typical HLA-DQ haplotypes are not found. However, determining the factors associated greater or

lesser degrees of susceptibility to gliadin’s intrinsically toxic effect should be a secondary to the

fact that it is has been demonstrated to be toxic to both non-celiacs and celiacs.

2) WHEAT GLIADIN CREATES INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY

Gliadin upregulates the production of a protein known as zonulin, which modulates intestinal

permeability. Over-expression of zonulin is involved in a number of autoimmune disorders,

including celiac disease and Type 1 diabetes. Researchers have studied the effect of gliadin on

increased zonulin production and subsequent gut permeability in both celiac and non-celiac

intestines, and have found that “gliadin activates zonulin signaling irrespective of the genetic

expression of autoimmunity, leading to increased intestinal permeability to macromolecules.”

xviThese results indicate, once again, that a pathological response to wheat gluten is a normal or

human species-specific response, and is not based entirely on genetic susceptibilities. Because

intestinal permeability is associated with wide range of disease states, including cardiovascular

illness, liver disease and many autoimmune disorders, I believe this research indicates that

gliadin (and therefore wheat) should be avoided as a matter of principle. Further substantiation

for this view can be found at the Wheat Toxicity portion of the GreenMedInfo.com project,

which includes over 200 adverse health effects associated with wheat consumption, as indicated

by peer-reviewed and published sourced from the National Library of Medicine:

http://www.greenmedinfo.com/toxic-ingredient/wheat

2) WHEAT GLIADIN HAS PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Gliadin can be broken down into various amino acid lengths or peptides. Gliadorphin is a 7 amino

acid long peptide: Tyr-Pro-Gln-Pro-Gln-Pro-Phe which forms when the gastrointestinal system is

compromised. When digestive enzymes or microbial activity in the alimentary canal are

insufficient to break gliadorphin down into 2-3 amino acid lengths and a compromised intestinal

wall allows for the leakage of the entire 7 amino acid long fragment into the blood, gliadorphin

can pass through to the brain through circumventricular organs and activate opioid receptors

resulting in disrupted brain function. There have been a number of gluten exorphins identified:

gluten exorphins A4, A5, B4, B5 and C, and many of them have been hypothesized to play a role

in autism, schizophrenia, ADHD and related neurological conditions. In the same way that the

celiac iceberg illustrated the illusion that intolerance to wheat is rare, it is possible, even probable,

that wheat exerts pharmacological influences on everyone, with the difference being only of the

degree to which the effect occurs and is recognized. In other words, what distinguishes the

schizophrenic or autistic individual from the functional wheat consumer may be the degree to

which they are affected.

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Below the tip of the “Gluten Iceberg,” we might find these opiate-like peptides to be responsible

for bread’s general popularity as a “comfort food”, and our use of phrases like “I love bread,”

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or “this bread is to die for” to be indicative of wheat’s narcotic properties. I believe a strong

argument can be made that the agricultural revolution that occurred approximately 10-12,000

years ago as we shifted from the Paleolithic into the Neolithic era was precipitated as much by

environmental necessities and human ingenuity, as it was by the addictive qualities of

psychoactive peptides in the grains themselves.

The world-historical reorganization of society, culture and consciousness accomplished through

the symbiotic relationship with cereal grasses, may have had as much to do with our ability to

master agriculture, as to be mastered by it. The presence of pharmacologically active peptides in

a readily available source of calories would have further sweetened the deal, making it hard to

distance ourselves from what became a global infatuation with wheat.

An interesting example of wheat’s addictive potential pertains to the Roman army. The Roman

Empire was once known as the “Wheat Empire,” with soldiers being paid in wheat

Rations, as well as society as a whole either involved in growing it, selling it, or consuming it

through a well-coordinated sociopolitical strategy known as “Bread and Circuses,” where the

bread was free, as well as the ruthless entertainment. Rome’s entire war machine, and its vast

expansion, was predicated on the availability of wheat. Forts were actually granaries, holding up

to a year’s worth of grain in order to endure sieges from their enemies. Historians describe

Roman soldiers’ punishments to include being deprived of wheat rations and being given barley

instead, right alongside the practice of “decimation,” the pulling of teeth. The Roman Empire

went on to facilitate the global dissemination of wheat cultivation, which fostered a form of

imperialism with biological as well as cultural roots.

The Roman appreciation for wheat, like our own, may have had less to do with its nutritional

value as “health food” than its ability to generate a unique narcotic reaction. It may fulfill our

hunger while generating a repetitive, ceaseless cycle of craving more of the same, and by doing

so, enabling the surreptitious control of human behavior. Other researchers have come to similar

conclusions. According to the biologists Greg Wadley & Angus Martin:

“Cereals have important qualities that differentiate them from most other drugs. They are a food

source as well as a drug, and can be stored and transported easily. They are ingested in frequent

small doses (not occasional large ones), and do not impede work performance in most people. A

desire for the drug, even cravings or withdrawal, can be confused with hunger. These features

make cereals the ideal facilitator of civilization (and may also have contributed to the long delay

in recognizing their pharmacological properties).”xvii

4) WHEAT LECTIN (WGA) DAMAGES OUR TISSUE.

Wheat contains a lectin known as Wheat Germ Agglutinin which (WGA) is responsible for

causing direct, non-immune mediated damage to our intestines, and subsequent to entry into

the bloodstream, damage to distant organs in our body.

Lectins are sugar-binding proteins which are highly selective for their sugar moieties. It is

believed that wheat lectin, which binds to the monosaccharide N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG),

provides defense against predation from bacteria, insects and animals. Bacteria have NAG in

their cell wall, insects have an exoskeleton composed of polymers of NAG called chitin, and the

epithelial tissue of mammals, e.g. gastrointestinal tract, have a “sugar coat” called the glycocalyx

which is composed, in part, of NAG. The glycocalyx can be found on the outer surface (apical

portion) of the microvilli within the small intestine. 13

There is evidence that WGA may cause increased shedding of the intestinal brush border

membrane, reduction in surface area, acceleration of cell losses and shortening of villi, via

binding to the surface of the villi. WGA can mimic the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF)

at the cellular level, indicating that the crypt hyperplasia seen in celiac disease may be due to a

mitogenic reponse induced by WGA.xviii WGA has been implicated in obesity and “leptin

resistance” by blocking the receptor in the hypothalamus for the appetite satiating hormone leptin.

WGA has also been shown to have an insulin-mimetic action, potentially contributing to

weight gain and insulin resistance.xix And, as discussed earlier, wheat lectin has been shown to

induce IgA mediated damage to the kidney, indicating that nephropathy and kidney cancer may

be associated with wheat consumption.

5) WHEAT PEPTIDES EXHIBIT MOLECULAR MIMICRY

Gliadorphin and gluten exporphins exhibit a form of molecular mimicry that affects the nervous

system, but other wheat proteins effect different organ systems. The digestion of gliadin produces

a peptide that is 33 amino acids long and is known as 33-mer which has a remarkable homology

to the internal sequence of pertactin, the immunodominant sequence in the Bordetella pertussis

bacteria (whooping cough). Pertactin is considered a highly immunogenic virulence factor, and is

used in vaccines to amplify the adaptive immune response. It is possible the immune system may

confuse this 33-mer with a pathogen resulting in either or both a cell- mediated and adaptive

immune response against Self.

6) WHEAT CONTAINS HIGH LEVELS OF EXCITO-TOXINS

John B. Symes, D.V.M. is responsible for drawing attention to the potential excitotoxicity of

wheat, dairy, and soy, due to their exceptionally high levels of the non-essential amino acids

glutamic and aspartic acid. Excitotoxicity is a pathological process where glutamic and aspartic

acid cause an over-activation of the nerve cell receptors (e.g. NMDA and AMPA receptor) leading

to calcium induced nerve and brain injury. Of all cereal grasses commonly consumed wheat

contains the highest levels of glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Glutamic acid is largely responsible

for wheat’s exceptional taste. The Japanese coined the word umami to describe the extraordinary

“yummy” effect that glutamic acid exerts on the tongue and palate, and invented monosodium

glutamate (MSG) to amplify this sensation. Though the Japanese first synthesized MSG from

kelp, wheat can also be used due to its high glutamic acid content. It is likely that wheat’s

popularity, alongside its opiate-like activity, has everything to do with the natural flavorenhancers

already contained within it. These amino acids may contribute to neurodegenerative

conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and other

neurological disorders such as epilepsy, attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder and

migraines.

CONCLUSION

In this article I have proposed that celiac disease be viewed not as a rare “geneticallydetermined”

disorder, but as an extreme example of our body communicating to us a once

universal, species-specific affliction: severe intolerance to wheat. Celiac disease reflects back to

us how profoundly our diet has diverged from what was, until only recently a grain free diet, and

14

even more recently, a wheat free one. We are so profoundly distanced from that dramatic

Neolithic transition in cultural time that “missing is any sense that anything is missing.” The

body, on the other hand, cannot help but remember a time when cereal grains were alien to the

diet, because in biological time it was only moments ago.

Eliminating wheat, if not all of the members of the cereal grass family, and returning to

dicotyledons or pseudo-grains like quinoa, buckwheat and amaranth, may help us roll back the

hands of biological and cultural time, to a time of clarity, health and vitality that many of us have

never known before. When one eliminates wheat and fills the void left by its absence with fruits,

vegetables, high quality meats and foods consistent with our biological needs we may begin to feel

a sense of vitality that many would find hard to imagine. If wheat really is more like a drug than a

food, anesthetizing us to its ill effects on our body, it will be difficult for us to understand its grasp

upon us unless and until we eliminate it from our diet. I encourage everyone to see

celiac disease not as a condition alien to our own. Rather, the celiac gives us a glimpse of how

profoundly wheat may distort and disfigure our health if we continue to expose ourselves to its ill

effects. I hope this article will provide inspiration for non-celiacs to try a wheat free diet and judge

for themselves if it is really worth eliminating.

15

Part II: The Critical Role of Wheat Lectin In Human

Disease

By Sayer Ji

Now that celiac disease has been allowed official entry into the pantheon of established medical

conditions, and gluten intolerance is no longer entirely a fringe medical concept, the time has

come to draw attention to the powerful little chemical in wheat known as 'wheat germ agglutinin'

(WGA) which is largely responsible for many of wheat's pervasive, and difficult to diagnose, ill

effects. Not only does WGA throw a monkey wrench into our assumptions about the primary

causes of wheat intolerance, but due to the fact that WGA is found in highest concentrations in

"whole wheat," including its supposedly superior sprouted form, it also pulls the rug out from

under one of the health food industry's favorite poster children.

Below the radar of conventional serological testing for antibodies against the various gluten

proteins and genetic testing for disease susceptibility, the WGA “lectin problem” remains almost

entirely obscured. Lectins, though found in all grains, seeds, legumes, dairy and our beloved

nightshades: the tomato and potato, are rarely discussed in connection with health or illness, even

when their presence in our diet may greatly reduce both the quality and length of our lives.

Although significant progress has been made in exposing the dark side of wheat over the past

decade, gluten receives a disproportionate share of the attention. Given that modern bread wheat

(Triticum Aestivum) is a hexaploid species containing six distinct sets of chromosomes capable

of producing well over 23,000 unique proteins, it is not surprising that we are only now beginning

to unravel the complexities of this plant’s many secrets.xx What is unique about the WGA lectin

is that it can do direct damage to the majority of tissues in the human body without requiring a

specific set of genetic susceptibilities and/or immune-mediated articulations. This may explain

why chronic inflammatory and degenerative conditions are endemic to wheat- consuming

populations even when overt allergies or intolerances to wheat gluten appear exceedingly rare.

The future fate of wheat consumption, and by implication our health, may depend largely on

whether or not the toxic qualities of WGA come to light in the general population.

Nature engineers, within all species, a set of defenses against predation, though not all are as

obvious as the thorns on a rose or the horns on a rhinoceros. Plants do not have the cell-mediated

immunity of higher life forms, like ants, nor do they have the antibody driven, secondary

immune systems of vertebrates with jaws. They must rely on a much simpler, innate immunity. It

16

is for this reason that seeds of the grass family, e.g. rice, wheat, spelt, rye, have exceptionally

high levels of defensive glycoproteins known as lectins, which function much like "invisible

thorns." Cooking, sprouting, fermentation and digestion are the traditional ways in which man,

for instance, deals with the various anti-nutrients found within this family of plants, but lectins

are, by design, particularly resistant to degradation through a wide range of pH and

temperatures.

WGA lectin is an exceptionally tough adversary as it is formed by the same disulfide bonds that

make vulcanized rubber and human hair so strong, flexible and durable. Like man-made

pesticides, lectins are extremely small, resistant to break-down by living systems, and tend to

accumulate and become incorporated into tissues where they interfere with normal biological

processes. Indeed, WGA lectin is so powerful as an insecticide that biotech firms have used

recombinant DNA technology to create genetically modified WGA-enhanced plants. We can

only hope that these virtually unregulated biotech companies, who are in the business of playing

God with the genetic infrastructure of Life, will realize the potential harm to humans that such

genetic modifications can cause.

Lectins are sugar-binding proteins, and through thousands of years of selectively breeding

wheat for increasingly larger quantities of protein, the concentration of WGA lectin has

increased proportionately. This, no doubt, has contributed to wheat’s global dominance as one

of the world’s favored monocultures, offering additional “built-in” pest resistance. The word

lectin comes from the same etymological root as the word select, and literally means "to

choose." Lectins are designed "to choose" specific carbohydrates that project off the surface of

cells and upon which they attach. In the case of WGA the two glycoproteins it selects for, in

order of greatest affinity, are n-acetyl glucosamine and n-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid).

WGA is Nature's ingenious solution for protecting the wheat plant from the entire gamut of its

natural enemies. Fungi have cell walls composed of a polymer of n-acetylglucosamine. The

cellular walls of bacteria are made from a layered structure called the peptidoglycan, a

biopolymer of n-acetylglucosamine. N-acetylglucosamine is the basic unit of the biopolymer

chitin, which forms the outer coverings of insects and crustaceans (shrimp, crab, etc.). All

animals, including worms, fish, birds and humans, use n-acetyglucosamine as a foundational

substance for building the various tissues in their bodies, including the bones. The production of

cartilage, tendons, and joints depend on the structural integrity of n-acetylglucosamine. The

mucous known as the glycocalyx, or literally, “sugar coat” is secreted in humans by the epithelial

cells which line all the mucous membranes, from nasal cavities to the top to the bottom of the

alimentary tube, as well as the protective and slippery lining of our blood vessels. The

glycocalyx is composed largely of n-acetylglucosamine and n-acetylneuraminic acid (also

known as sialic acid), with carbohydrate end of n-acetylneuraminic acid of this protective

glycoprotein forming the terminal sugar that is exposed to the contents of both the gut and the

arterial lumen (opening). WGA's unique binding specificity to these exact two glycoproteins is

not accidental. Nature has designed WGA perfectly to attach to, disrupt, and gain entry through

these mucosal surfaces.

It may strike some readers as highly suspect that wheat - the “staff of life” - which has garnered a

reputation for “wholesome goodness” the world over, could contain a powerful health-disrupting

17

anti-nutrient, which is only now coming to public attention. WGA has been overshadowed by the

other proteins in wheat. Humans – not Nature – have spent thousands of years cultivating and

selecting for larger and larger quantities of these proteins. These pharmacologically active,

opiate-like proteins in gluten are known as gluten exorphins (A5, B4, B5, C) and gliadorphins.

They may effectively anesthetize us, in the short term, to the long term, adverse effects of WGA.

Gluten also contains exceptionally high levels of the excitotoxic l-aspartic and l-glutamic amino

acids, which can also be highly addictive, not unlike their synthetic shadow molecules aspartame

and monosodium glutamate. In a previous article on the topic, The Dark Side of Wheat: New

Perspectives on Celiac Disease and Wheat Intolerance,xxi we explored the role that these

psychotropic qualities in grains played in ushering in civilization at the advent of the Neolithic

transition 10,000 BC. No doubt the narcotic properties of wheat are the primary reason why

suspicions about its toxicity have remained merely speculation for thousands upon thousands of

years.

WGA is most concentrated in the seed of the wheat plant, likely due to the fact that the seeds are

the “babies” of these plants and are invested with the entire hope for continuance of their species.

Protecting the seed against predation is necessarily a first priority. WGA is an exceedingly small

substance (36 kilodaltons) and is concentrated deep within the embryo of the wheat berry

(approximately 1 microgram per grain). WGA migrates during germination to the roots and tips of

leaves, as the developing plant begins to project itself into the world and outside the safety of its

seed. In its quest for nourishment from the soil, its roots are challenged with fungi and

bacteria that seek to invade the plant. In its quest for sunlight and other nourishment from the

heavens the plant’s leaves become prey to insects, birds, mammals, etc. Even after the plant has

developed beyond the germination and sprouting stages it contains almost 50% of the levels of

lectin found in the dry seeds. Approximately one third of this WGA is in the roots and two thirds

is in the shoot, for at least 34 days.xxii

Each grain contains about 1 microgram of WGA. That seems hardly enough to do any harm to

animals our size. Lectins, however, are notoriously dangerous even in minute doses and can be

fatal when inhaled or injected directly into the bloodstream. According to the U.S. Centers for

Disease Control it takes only 500 micrograms (about half a grain of sand) of ricin (a lectin

extracted from castor bean casings) to kill a human. A single, one ounce slice of wheat bread

contains approximately 500 micrograms of WGA, which if it were refined to its pure form and

injected directly into the blood, could, in theory, have platelet aggregating and erythrocyte

agglutinizing effects strong enough to create an obstructive clot such as occurs in myocardial

infarction and stroke. This, however, is not a likely route of exposure and in reality the immediate

pathologies associated with lectins like ricin and WGA are largely restricted to the

gastrointestinal tract where they cause mucosal injuries. The point is that WGA, even in small

quantities, could have profoundly adverse effects, given suitable conditions. Ironically, WGA is

exceptionally small, at 36 kilodaltons (approximately the mass of 36,000 hydrogen atoms) and it

can pass through the cell membranes of the intestine with ease. The intestines will allow passage

of molecules up to 1,000 kilodaltons in size. Moreover, one wheat kernel contains 16.7 trillion

individual molecules of WGA, with each molecule of WGA having four n-acetylglucosamine

binding sites. The disruptive and damaging effects of whole wheat bread consumption are

formidable in someone whose protective mucosal barrier has been compromised by something as

simple as Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) use, or a recent viral or bacterial

18

infection. The common consumption of both wheat and NSAIDs may suggest the frequency of

the WGA vicious cycle. Anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen and aspirin, increase

intestinal permeability and may cause absorption of even larger than normal quantities of proinflammatory

WGA. Conversely, the inflammation caused by the absorption of WGA lectin is

the very reason there is a great need for the inflammation-reducing effects of NSAIDs.

One way to gauge just how pervasive the adverse effects of WGA are among wheat-consuming

populations is the popularity of the dietary supplement glucosamine. In the USA, a quarter billion

dollars of the glucosamine is sold annually. The main source of glucosamine on the market is from

the n-acetylglucosamine rich chitin exoskelotons of crustaceans, like shrimp and crab.

Glucosamine is used for reducing pain and inflammation. We do not have a dietary deficiency of

the pulverized shells of dead sea critters, just as our use of NSAIDs is not caused

by a deficiency of these synthetic chemicals in our diet. When we consume glucosamine

supplements, the WGA, instead of binding to our tissues, binds to the pulverized chitin in the

glucosamine supplements, sparing us from the full impact of WGA. Many millions of Americans

who have greatly reduced their pain and suffering by ingesting glucosamine and NSAIDs may be

better served by removing wheat, the underlying cause of their malaise, from their diets. This

would result in even greater relief from pain and inflammation along with far less dependency on

palliative supplements and medicines alike.

To further underscore this point, the following are several ways that WGA depletes our health

while glucosamine works against it:

WGA may be Pro-inflammatory

At exceedingly small concentrations (nanomolar) WGA stimulates the synthesis of proinflammatory

chemical messengers (cytokines) including Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6 and

Interleukin-8 in intestinal and immune cells.xxiii WGA has been shown to induce NADPHOxidase

in human neutrophils associated with the “respiratory burst” that results in the release of

inflammatory free radicals called reactive oxygen species.xxiv WGA has been shown to play a

causative role in patients with chronic thin gut inflammation.xxv

WGA may be Immunotoxic

WGA induces thymus atrophy in ratsxxvi and may directly bind to, and activate, leukocytes.xxvii

Anti-WGA antibodies in human sera have been shown to cross-react with other proteins,

indicating that they may contribute to autoimmunity.xxviii Indeed, WGA appears to play a role in

the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD) that is entirely distinct from that of gluten, due to

significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against WGA found in patients with CD,

when compared with patients with other intestinal disorders. These antibodies have also shown

not to cross-react with gluten antigens.xxix

xxx

19

WGA may be Neurotoxic

WGA can pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB) through a process called "adsorptive

endocytosis"xxxi and is able to travel freely among the tissues of the brain which is why it is used

as a marker for tracing neural circuits.xxxii WGA’s ability to pass through the BBB, pulling bound

substances with it, has piqued the interest of pharmaceutical developers who are looking to find

ways of delivering drugs to the brain. WGA has a unique binding affinity for n-acetyl-neuraminic

acid, a crucial component of neuronal membranes found in the brain, such as gangliosides which

have diverse roles such as cell-to-cell contact, ion conductance, as receptors, and whose

dysfunction has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. WGA may attach to the

protective coating on the nerves known as the myelin sheathxxxiii and is capable of inhibiting nerve

growth factorxxxiv which is important for the growth, maintenance, and survival of certain target

neurons. WGA binds to n-acetylglucosamine which is believed to function as an atypical

neurotransmitter functioning in nocioceptive (pain) pathways.

WGA may be Cytotoxic

WGA has been demonstrated to be cytotoxic to both normal and cancerous cell lines, capable of

inducing either cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death (apoptosis).xxxv

WGA may interfere with Gene Expression

WGA demonstrates both mitogenic and anti-mitogenic activities.xxxvi WGA may prevent DNA

replicationxxxvii WGA binds to polysialic acid (involved in posttranslational modifications) and

blocks chick tail bud development in embryogenesis, indicating that it may influence both

genetic and epigenetic factors.

WGA may disrupt Endocrine Function

WGA has also been shown to have an insulin-mimetic action, potentially contributing to weight

gain and insulin resistance.xxxviii WGA has been implicated in obesity and “leptin resistance” by

blocking the receptor in the hypothalamus for the appetite satiating hormone leptin. WGA

stimulates epidermal growth factor which when upregulated is associated with increased risk of

cancer. WGA has a particular affinity for thyroid tissue and has been shown to bind to both

benign and malignant thyroid nodulesxxxix WGA interferes with the production of secretin from

the pancreas, which can interfere with digestion and can cause pancreatic hypertrophy. WGA

attaches to sperm and ovary cells, indicating it may adversely influence fertility.

WGA may be Cardiotoxic

WGA induces platelet activation and aggregation.xl WGA has a potent, disruptive effect on

platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, which plays a key role in tissue regeneration and

safely removing neutrophils from our blood vessels.xli

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WGA may adversely affect Gastrointestinal Function

WGA causes increased shedding of the intestinal brush border membrane, reduction in surface

area, acceleration of cell losses and shortening of villi, via binding to the surface of the villi.

WGA can mimic the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) at the cellular level, indicating

that the crypt hyperplasia seen in celiac disease may be due to the growth-promoting effects of

WGA. WGA causes cytoskeleton degradation in intestinal cells, contributing to cell death and

increased turnover. WGA decreases levels of heat shock proteins in gut epithelial cells leaving

these cells less well protected against the potentially harmful content of the gut lumen.xlii

WGA may share pathogenic similarities with certain Viruses

There are a number of interesting similarities between WGA lectin and viruses. Both viral

particles and WGA lectin are several orders of magnitude smaller than the cells they enter, and

subsequent to their attachment to the cell membrane, are taken into the cell through a process of

endocytosis. Both influenza and WGA gain entry through the sialic acid coatings of our mucous

membranes (glycocalyx) each with a sialic acid specific substance, the neuriminidase enzyme for

viruses and the sialic acid binding sites on the WGA lectin. Once the influenza virus and WGA

lectin have made their way into wider circulation in the host body they are both capable of

blurring the line in the host between self-and non-self. Influenza accomplishes this by

incorporating itself into the genetic material of our cells and taking over the protein production

machinery to make copies of itself, with the result that our immune system must attack its own

virally transformed cell, in order to clear the infection. Studies done with herpes simplex virus

have shown that WGA has the capacity to block viral infectivity through competitively binding

to the same cell surface receptors, indicating that they may effect cells through very similar

pathways. WGA has the capability of influencing the gene expression of certain cells, e.g.

mitogenic/anti-mitogenic action, and like other lectins associated with autoimmunity, e.g. soy

lectin, and viruses like Epstein-Barr Virus, WGA may be capable of causing certain cells to

exhibit class 2 human leukocyte antigens (HLA-II), which mark them for autoimmune destruction

by white blood cells. Since human antibodies to WGA have been shown to cross react with other

proteins, even if WGA does not directly transform the phenotype of our cells into "other," the

resulting cross-reactivity of antibodies to WGA with our own cells would result in autoimmunity

nonetheless.

Given the multitude of ways in which WGA may disrupt our health, gain easy entry through our

intestine into systemic circulation, and remain refractory to traditional antibody-based clinical

diagnoses, it is altogether possible that the consumption of wheat is detracting from the general

health of the wheat-consuming world and that we have been, for all these years, "digging our

graves with our teeth." This perspective may come as a great surprise to the health food industry

whose particular love affair for whole wheat products has begun to go mass market. The

increasingly hyped-up marketing of "whole wheat," "sprouted grain," and "wheat germ" enriched

products, all of which may have considerably higher levels of WGA than their processed,

21

fractionized, non-germinated and supposedly "less healthy" equivalents, may contribute to making

us all significantly less healthy.

It is my belief that a careful study of the wheat plant will reveal that, despite claims to the contrary, man

does not have dominion over nature. All that he deems fit for his consumption may not be his inborn

right. Though the wheat plant’s apparently defenseless disposition would seem to make it suitable for

mass human consumption, it has been imbued with a multitude of “invisible thorns,” with WGA being its

smallest and perhaps most potent defense against predation. While WGA may be an uninvited guest at

our table, wheat is equally inhospitable to us. Perhaps the courteous thing to do, having realized our

mistaken intrusion, is to lick our wounds and simply go our separate ways. Perhaps as the distance

between man and his infatuation with wheat grows, he will grow closer to himself and will discover far

more suitable forms of nourishment that Nature has not impregnated with such high levels of addictive

and potentially debilitating proteins.

i Emanuel Lebenthal, David Branski. Celiac disease: an emerging global problem. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2002 Oct

;35(4):472-4. PMID: 12394370

ii Richard Logan is responsible for first introducing the “Celiac Iceberg” metaphor in 1991.

iii Antibody testing for gliadin, tissue transglutaminase and endomysium indicates that “silent” or “latent” celiac disease

is up to a 100 times more frequent than represented by the classical form.

iv Frontiers in Celiac Disease by Alessio Fasano, R. Troncone, D. Branski Published by Karger Publishers, pg. 242

v See http://www.greenmedinfo.com/disease/cystic-fibrosis for Medline supporting citations.

vi Cystic Fibrosis: a perinatal manifestation of selenium deficiency. Wallach JD, Germaise B. In: Hemphill DD, ed. Trace

substances in environmental health. Columbia: University of Missouri Press,1979; 469-76

vii K Mustalahti, P Holopainen, K Karell, M Mäki, J Partanen. Genetic dissection between silent and clinically

diagnosed symptomatic forms of coeliac disease in multiplex families. Dig Liver Dis. 2002 Dec ;34(12):842-5.

PMID: 12643291

viii GreenMedInfo.com, Wheat: 200 Clinically Confirmed Reasons Not To Eat It

ix Begoña Diosdado, Erica van Oort, Cisca Wijmenga. "Coelionomics": towards understanding the molecular pathology of

coeliac disease. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2005 ;43(7):685-95. PMID: 16207126

x D L Freed. Do dietary lectins cause disease? BMJ. 1999 Apr 17 ;318(7190):1023-4. PMID: 10205084

xi Francesca Bravi, Cristina Bosetti, Lorenza Scotti, Renato Talamini, Maurizio Montella, Valerio Ramazzotti, Eva Negri,

Silvia Franceschi, Carlo La Vecchia. Food groups and renal cell carcinoma: a case-control study from Italy. Int J Cancer.

2007 Feb 1;120(3):681-5. PMID: 17058282

xii Agrarian diet and diseases of affluence – Do evolutionary novel dietary lectins cause leptin resistance BMC Endocrine

Disorders 2005, 5:10

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xiii Exploring the Plant Transcriptome through Phylogenetic Profiling. Plant Physiology Vol. 137, 2005; pg. 3

xiv Sapone, Manjusha Thakar, Giuseppe Iacono, Antonio Carroccio, Cinzia D'Agate, Tarcisio Not, Lucia Zampini, Carlo

Catassi, Alessio Fasano. Gliadin, zonulin and gut permeability: Effects on celiac and non-celiac intestinal mucosa and

intestinal cell lines. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2006 Apr;41(4):408-19. PMID: 16635908

xv D Bernardo, J A Garrote, L Fernández-Salazar, S Riestra, E Arranz . Is gliadin really safe for non-coeliac individuals?

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Jun ;56(6):889-90. PMID: 17519496

xvi Sapone, supra at note 14

xvii The origins of agriculture ? a biological perspective and a new hypothesis by Greg Wadley & Angus Martin,

Australian Biologist 6:96- 105, June 1993

xviii K Fälth-Magnusson, K E Magnusson. Elevated levels of serum antibodies to the lectin wheat germ agglutinin in celiac

children lend support to the gluten-lectin theory of celiac disease. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1995 May;6(2):98-102.

PMID: 7581728

xix J L Messina, J Hamlin, J Larner. Insulin-mimetic actions of wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A on specific

mRNA levels. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Apr;254(1):110-5. PMID: 3555340

xx Supra at note 13

xxi Ji, Sayer "The Dark Side of Wheat - New Perspectives on Celiac Disease & Wheat

Intolerance." Winter, 08’, Journal of Gluten Sensitivity

xxii Distribution of Wheat Germ Agglutinin in Young Wheat Plants. Plant Physiol. 1980

Nov;66(5):950-955. PMID: 16661559

xxiii Effects of wheat germ agglutinin on human gastrointestinal epithelium: insights from an experimental model of

immune/epithelial cell interaction. Toxicol and Applied Pharmacology 2009Jun 1;237(2):146-53. Epub 2009 Mar 28.

PMID: 19332085

xxiv Wheat germ agglutinin induces NADPH-oxidase activity in human neutrophils by interaction with mobilizable

receptors. Infection and Immunity.1999 Jul;67(7):3461-8. PMID: 10377127

xxv Lectin glycosylation as a marker of thin gut inflammation. The FASEB Journal.

2008;22:898.3

xxvi Antinutritive effects of wheat-germ agglutinin and other N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins.The British Journal of

Nutrition 1993 Jul;70(1):313-21. PMID: 8399111

xxvii Lectinlike properties of pertussis toxin. .Infection and Immunity1989 Jun;57(6):1854-7.PMID: 2722243

xxviii Natural human antibodies to dietary lectins. FEBS Lett.1996 Nov 18;397(2-3):139-42. PMID: 8955334

xxix Antibodies to wheat germ agglutinin in coeliac disease. Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 January;

63(1): 95–100. PMID: 3754186

xxx Elevated levels of serum antibodies to the lectin wheat germ agglutinin in celiac children lend support to the

gluten-lectin theory of celiac disease. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1995 May;6(2):98-102. PMID: 7581728

xxxi Transcytotic pathway for blood-borne protein through the blood-brain barrier.Proceedings from the National

Academy ofSciences U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):632-6. PMID: 2448779

xxxii Transsynaptic transport of wheat germ agglutinin expressed in a subset of type II taste cells of transgenic mice.

BMC Neuroscience.2008 Oct 2;9:96. PMID: 18831764

xxxiii Distribution of concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin binding sites in the rat peripheral nerve fibres revealed

23

by lectin/glycoprotein-gold histochemistry. The Histochem Journal.1996

Jan;28(1):7-12.PMID: 8866643

xxxiv Wheat germ agglutinin, concanavalin A, and lens culinalis agglutinin block the inhibitory effect of nerve growth

factor on cell-free phosphorylation of Nsp100 in PC12h cells. Cell Struct and Function1989 Feb;14(1):87-93. PMID:

2720800

xxxv Wheat germ lectin induces G2/M arrest in mouse L929 fibroblasts. J Cell Biochem. 2004

Apr 15;91(6):1159-73.PMID: 15048871

xxxvi Wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A inhibit the response of human fibroblasts to peptide growth factors by

a post-receptor mechanism. J Cell Physiol. 1985 Sep;124(3):474-80. PMID: 2995421

xxxvii DNA replication in cell-free extracts from Xenopus eggs is prevented by disrupting nuclear envelope function. J Cell

Sci. 1992 Jan;101 ( Pt 1):43-53.PMID: 1569128

xxxviii Effects of wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A on the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in

pericellular matrix of human dermal fibroblasts. A comparison with insulin. Acta Biochim Pol. 2001;48(2):563-

72. PMID: 11732625

xxxix Analysis of lectin binding in benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Arch Pathol Lab

Med.1989 Feb;113(2):186-9. PMID: 2916907

xl Further characterization of wheat germ agglutinin interaction with human platelets: exposure of fibrinogen

receptors.Thromb Haemost.1986 Dec 15;56(3):323-7.PMID: 3105108

xli Wheat germ agglutinin-induced platelet activation via platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1: involvement

of rapid phospholipase C gamma 2 activation by Src family kinases. Biochemistry. 2001 Oct 30;40(43):12992-

3001.PMID: 11669637

xlii Decreased levels of heat shock proteins in gut epithelial cells after exposure to plant lectins.

Gut. 2000 May;46(5):679-87.PMID: 10764712

24

Topic: Wheat

25

Related Topics

This Topic includes articles from the following related Topics : Gliadin, Gluten, Gluten exorphins,

Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA)

Quick Summary: 206 Diseases

Name Cumulative Knowledge Article Count

Celiac Disease 1255 169

Wheat Intolerance 402 51

Gluten Sensitivity 370 49

Gluten Intolerance 335 46

Autoimmune Diseases 136 18

Schizophrenia 111 12

Food Allergies: Wheat 96 14

Food Allergies 87 11

Psoriasis 82 10

Down Syndrome 80 8

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 71 13

Irritable Bowel Syndrome 70 7

Autism Spectrum Disorders 61 6

Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations 61 7

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention 60 10

Sjogren's Syndrome 60 6

Cerebellar Ataxia 53 6

Dermatitis Herpetiformis 50 5

Graves Disease 50 5

Liver Disease 50 5

Multiple Myeloma 50 5

Multiple Sclerosis 50 5

Epilepsy 44 6

Migraine Disorders 43 5

Casein Intolerance 40 4

Gastroesophageal Reflux 40 4

Hyperthyroidism 40 4

Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced 37 6

IgA Nephropathy 36 6

Gastrointestinal Inflammation 34 6

Infertility 31 4

Atopic Dermatitis 30 3

Autoimmune Thyroiditis 30 3

Cirrhosis: Liver 30 3

Diarrhea: IBS associated 30 3

Hypothyroidism 30 3

IgA rheumatoid factor: elevated 30 3

Infertility: Female 30 3

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 30 3

Polyarthritis 30 3

Psychoses 30 3

Eosinophilic esophagitis 26 4

Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications 25 5

40

Cerebral Calcifications 23 3

Diarrhea 23 3

Celiac Disease: Prevention 22 2

Abortion: Spontaneous 21 3

Ataxia: Cerebellar 21 3

Miscarriage: Recurrent 21 3

Thyroid Nodule 21 3

Atherosclerosis 20 2

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity 20 2

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 20 2

Autism 20 2

Cardiomyopathy 20 2

Cholestasis 20 2

Cholestasis: Autoimmune 20 2

Coronary Artery Disease 20 2

End-Stage Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD) 20 2

Hashimoto's thyroiditis 20 2

IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity 20 2

Infant Nutrition 20 1

Meniere's Disease 20 2

Organ Transplantation: Liver 20 2

Palmoplantar Pustulosis 20 2

Peripheral Neuropathies 20 2

Restless Legs Syndrome 20 2

Rett Syndrome 20 2

Sensory Neuropathies 20 2

Macroamylasemia 19 4

Intestinal Permeability 17 7

Ataxia 14 3

Headache 13 2

Pancreatitis 13 2

Lymphoma 12 3

Psychiatric Disorders 12 3

Rheumatoid Arthritis 12 3

Cancers: All 11 2

Thyroid Cancer 11 2

Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia 10 1

Allergy: Cow's Milk 10 1

Anaphylaxis 10 1

Aphthous Ulcer 10 1

Ataxia: Dominant 10 1

Ataxia: Sporadic 10 1

Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood 10 1

Attention Deficit Disorder 10 1

Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage 10 1

CNS White Matter Abnormalities 10 1

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 10 1

Celiac Disease: Early Onset 10 1

Child Mortality 10 1

Children: Impaired Growth 10 1

Chronic Constipation, Children 10 1

Colitis: Collagenous 10 1

Constipation 10 1

Depression: Unipolar 10 1

Diarrhea: in Children 10 1

Enamel Defects 10 1

Epithelium Damage: Lymphocytic infiltration 10 1 41

Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains 10 1

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage 10 1

Gluten Ataxia 10 1

Hepatitis: Autoimmune 10 1

Hippocampal Sclerosis 10 1

Hypertransaminasemia 10 1

Hypogammaglobulinemia 10 1

Kidney Cancer 10 1

Liver Fibrosis 10 1

Mania: Acute 10 1

Microscopic Colitis Syndrome 10 1

Mortality: All-Cause 10 1

Mucosa: Flattened 10 1

Myocarditis: Autoimmune 10 1

Myopathies 10 1

Myopathies: Inflammatory 10 1

Nervous System Diseases 10 1

Neurological Illness: GAD antibody-associated 10 1

Nightshade Foods Intolerance 10 1

Pregnancy: Prevention of Problems 10 1

Small-for-gestational-age infant 10 1

Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 10 1

Stiff-Person Syndrome 10 1

Stomatitis: Aphthous 10 1

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) 10 1

Thyroid Neoplasms 10 1

Turner Syndrome 10 1

Urinary Stone Disease 10 1

Kidney Diseases 9 4

Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion 8 4

Anemia 6 2

Conjunctival Tumor 6 2

Ectopic Calcification 6 2

Encephalopathies 6 2

Glomerulonephritis 6 3

Hypocalcemia 6 2

Neuromyelitis Optica 6 2

Pituitary Diseases 6 3

Polyneuropathies 6 2

Prolactin Hypersecretion Syndrome 6 3

Seizures 6 2

Splenic Calcifications 6 2

Splenic Diseases 6 2

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 6 2

Urticaria 6 2

Immune Disorders: Low Immune Function 5 1

Enteropathy 4 2

Insulin: Elevated 4 2

Male Hormone Imbalances 4 2

Asthma 3 1

Demyelinating Diseases 3 2

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 3 1

Facial Palsy 3 1

Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency 3 1

Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated 3 1

Gastrointestinal Diseases 3 2

Hydronephrosis 3 1 42

Hyperamylasemia 3 1

Insulin Disorders 3 2

Kidney Stones 3 1

Malabsorption Syndrome 3 1

Opiate Addiction/Withdrawal 3 3

Osteogenesis Imperfecta 3 1

Osteomalacia 3 1

Osteopenia 3 1

Osteoporosis 3 1

Parathyroid Diseases 3 1

Parathyroid adenoma 3 1

Stroke 3 1

Thrombosis 3 1

Tremor 3 1

Urolithiasis 3 1

Uveitis 3 1

A1C 2 1

Allergies 2 2

Blood-Brain-Barrier Disorders 2 2

Diabetes: Glycation/A1C 2 1

Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate 2 1

Glucagon: Excess Secretion 2 1

Gluten Enteropathy 2 1

Gynecomastia 2 1

HPA Axis Dysregulation 2 2

Inflammation 2 1

Insulinitis 2 1

Low Immune Function: Thymus Dysfunction 2 1

Serotonin Disorders 2 1

Thymus Atrophy 2 1

Ataxia: Idiopathic 1 1

Brain: Microglial Activation 1 1

Breast Cancer 1 1

Chorea 1 1

Clotting 1 1

Dementia 1 1

Food Poisoning 1 1

Guillain-Barre Syndrome 1 1

Huntington Disease 1 1

Hyperinsulinism 1 1

Insulin Resistance 1 1

Lane-Hamilton syndrome 1 1

Lectin-Induced Toxicity 1 1

Miscarriage 1 1

Myelopathy 1 1

Neurologic Disorders 1 1

Neuropathy 1 1

Osteoarthritis 1 1

Oxidative Stress 1 1

Article Count - 20

Quick Summary: 20 Adverse Pharmacological Actions

Name Cumulative Knowledge Article Count

Neurotoxic 287 34

Immunoreactive 128 16

Immunotoxic 99 12

Teratogenic 91 8

43

Inflammatory 40 8

Interleukin-15 downregulation 20 2

Proliferative 20 2

Nephrotoxic 13 2

Diabetogenic 12 6

Allergenic 11 2

Cardiotoxic 10 1

Endocrine Disruptor 6 3

Immunosuppressive 5 1

Cytotoxic 4 4

Endocrine Disruptor: Insulin Resistance 2 1

Endocrine Disruptor: Pancreas 2 1

Serotonin Down-Regulation 2 1

Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation 1 1

Oxidant 1 1

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C Up-

Regulation 1 1

Category: Diseases

Topic: Celiac Disease

Breastfeeding seems to offer a protection against the development of CD in

predisposed infants. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Evid Based Med. 2012 Aug 4. Epub 2012 Aug 4. PMID: 22864373

Article Published Date : Aug 03, 2012

Authors : Camilla Henriksson, Anne-Marie Boström, Ingela E Wiklund

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Prevention : CK(32) : AC(3), Infant

Nutrition : CK(70) : AC(13)

T herapeutic Actions : Breastfeeding : CK(657) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Recurrent miscarriages may occur due to undiagnosed celiac disease, and may

resolve after a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Nov;53(11):2925-8. Epub 2008 Mar 27. PMID: 18368491

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2008

Authors : Antonio Tursi, Gianmarco Giorgetti, Giovanni Brandimarte, Walter Elisei

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

"Frequency of celiac disease and irritable bowel syndrome coexistance and its

influence on the disease course" - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Przegl Lek. 2009 ;66(3):126-9. PMID: 19689036

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Małgorzata Zwolińska-Wcisło, Danuta Galicka-Latała, Piotr Rozpondek, Lucyna Rudnicka-

Sosin, Tomasz Mach

Study T ype : Human Study

44

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Irritable Bowel Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

6 months of a gluten free diet result in improvements in celiac disease patients

with hypertransaminasemia liver involvement - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2012 Apr 19. Epub 2012 Apr 19. PMID: 22512436

Article Published Date : Apr 18, 2012

Authors : Sara Massironi, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Mirella Fraquelli, Maria Teresa Bardella, Luca Elli,

Marco Maggioni, Serena Della Valle, Matilde Pia Spampatti, Massimo Colombo, Dario Conte

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypertransaminasemia : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Fibrosis :

CK(341) : AC(74)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Transient Elastography (TE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

A gluten free diet could be a useful approach in reducing GERD symptoms in

adult celiac patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Sep ;23(9):1368-72. PMID: 18853995

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : Paolo Usai, Roberto Manca, Rosario Cuomo, Maria Antonia Lai, Luigi Russo, Maria Francesca

Boi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gastroesophageal Reflux : CK(278) : AC(41)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A glutenfree diet showed short-term benefits by reducing GI symptoms and

severe hypoglycaemia in T1D and CD - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Diabetes. 2011 Jun ;12(4 Pt 1):322-5. Epub 2011 Mar 29. PMID: 21615651

Article Published Date : May 31, 2011

Authors : Noina Abid, Oonagh McGlone, Chris Cardwell, William McCallion, Dennis Carson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Autoantibodies : CK(30) : AC(3), Body Mass Index (BMI) : CK(10) : AC(1),

Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) : CK(10) : AC(1), Hypoglycemia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Insulin : CK(69) : AC(11)

A high frequency of celiac disease was found in patients with lymphoma in the

southeast region of Turkey. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Turk J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun ;20(2):87-92. PMID: 19530040

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : Timuçin Cil, Abdullah Altintaş, Abdurrahman Işikdoğan, Semir Paşa, Kadim Bayan, Sabri

Batun, Hüseyin Büyükbayram

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma :

CK(515) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

A significant percentage of the newly diagnosed patients with CD have

macroamylasemia. - GMI Summary

45

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2001 Apr ;96(4):1096-100. PMID: 11316153

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2001

Authors : A Rabsztyn, P H Green, I Berti, A Fasano, J A Perman, K Horvath

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Macroamylasemia : CK(19) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

A significant proportion of patients with migraine may have celiac disease, and

that a gluten free diet may lead to a improvement in the migraine in these

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Mar;98(3):625-9. PMID: 12650798

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2003

Authors : Maurizio Gabrielli, Filippo Cremonini, Giuseppe Fiore, Giovanni Addolorato, Cristiano

Padalino, Marcello Candelli, Maria Elena De Leo, Luca Santarelli, Mario Giacovazzo, Antonio Gasbarrini,

Paolo Pola, Antonio Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A subgroup of Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients have latent/potential celiac

disease and respond to a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2001 Dec;121(6):1329-38. PMID: 11729112

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2001

Authors : U Wahnschaffe, R Ullrich, E O Riecken, J D Schulzke

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Irritable Bowel

Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

ADHD sympomatology is markedly over represented among untreated CD

patients and that a gluten-free diet may improve symptoms significantly within

a short period of time. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Atten Disord. 2006 Nov;10(2):200-4. PMID: 17085630

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2006

Authors : Helmut Niederhofer, Klaus Pittschieler

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity : CK(230) : AC(32), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) :

AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269), Gluten and ADHD : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adults with Type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalance of celiac disease

associated antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes Nutr Metab. 2001 Feb;14(1):37-42. PMID: 11345164

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2001

Authors : E Matteucci, V Cinapri, S Quilici, A Lucchetti, P Mugnaini, O Giampietro

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

46

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Cardiomyopathy in patients with celiac disease may be completely reversible

with a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mayo Clin Proc. 2005 May;80(5):674-6. PMID: 15887437

Article Published Date : May 01, 2005

Authors : Nisheeth K Goel, Robert D McBane, Patrick S Kamath

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cardiomyopathy : CK(77) : AC(15), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease has a far higher prevalence in autoimmune thyroid disorders. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 May;31(4):283-7. PMID: 10425571

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : L Cuoco, M Certo, R A Jorizzo, I De Vitis, A Tursi, A Papa, L De Marinis, P Fedeli, G Fedeli, G

Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hashimoto's

thyroiditis : CK(265) : AC(10), Thyroid Nodule : CK(92) : AC(11)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance : CK(21) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease has a high prevalance rate in autoimmune cholestatic liver

disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Oct;97(10):2609-13. PMID: 12385447

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Umberto Volta, Luis Rodrigo, Alessandro Granito, Nunzio Petrolini, Paolo Muratori, Luigi

Muratori, Antonio Linares, Lorenza Veronesi, Dolores Fuentes, Daniela Zauli, Francesco B Bianchi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cholestasis

: CK(274) : AC(30), Cholestasis: Autoimmune : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Celiac disease has been associated with autoimmune myocarditis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Circulation. 2002 Jun 4;105(22):2611-8. PMID: 12045166

Article Published Date : Jun 04, 2002

Authors : Andrea Frustaci, Lucio Cuoco, Cristina Chimenti, Maurizio Pieroni, Giuseppina Fioravanti,

Nicola Gentiloni, Attilio Maseri, Giovanni Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Myocarditis: Autoimmune : CK(14) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cardiotoxic : CK(628) : AC(74)

Celiac disease is a common condition in Down syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995 Nov;21(4):443-5. PMID: 8583297

47

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 1995

Authors : U Jansson, C Johansson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Celiac disease is associated with ataxic syndromes without definite diagnosis,

suggesting that it plays a part in the pathogenesis of some ataxic syndromes. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999 Jan ;66(1):32-5. PMID: 9886447

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1999

Authors : M T Pellecchia, R Scala, A Filla, G De Michele, C Ciacci, P Barone

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Celiac disease is associated with restless legs syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 2010 Jun ;55(6):1667-73. PMID: 19731029

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2010

Authors : Leonard B Weinstock, Arthur S Walters, Gerard E Mullin, Stephen P Duntley

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Restless Legs Syndrome : CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Celiac disease is far higher in those diagnosed with Grave's disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Endocrine. 2006 Oct;30(2):175-83. PMID: 17322576

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2006

Authors : Cihangir Erem, Orhan Deger, Ercüment Ovali, Yasam Barlak

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves

Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Celiac disease is found in a far higher percentage of patients with end-stage

autoimmune liver disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Liver Int. 2008 Apr;28(4):467-76. PMID: 18339073

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2008

Authors : Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Ahmad S Abdulkarim, Russell H Wiesner, S Breanndan Moore, Patricia K

Krause, Joseph A Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), End-Stage

Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD) : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30), Organ

Transplantation: Liver : CK(202) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

48

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease is markedly overrepresented among patients presenting with

ADHD. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2011 ;13(3). PMID: 21977364

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Helmut Niederhofer

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder : CK(160) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) :

AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease prevalance is significantly higher in those diagnosed with

Sjogren's syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Rheumatol Int. 2004 Sep;24(5):278-82. Epub 2003 Sep 17. PMID: 13680146

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2004

Authors : Peter Szodoray, Zsolt Barta, Gabriella Lakos, Szabolcs Szakáll, Margit Zeher

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease prevalance was found to be 3.5% in children with type 1

diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Mar;9 Suppl 1:101-11. PMID: 8887160

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1996

Authors : R Lorini, A Scaramuzza, L Vitali, G d'Annunzio, M A Avanzini, C De Giacomo, F Severi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Coeliac disease prevalence may be relatively common in Northern Ireland, as

indicated by the 5.7% positive rate for anti-gliadin antibodies in those sampled.

- GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 1996 Jul ;39(1):43-7. PMID: 8881807

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1996

Authors : S A McMillan, R P Watson, E E McCrum, A E Evans

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Prevalence : CK(121) : AC(13)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome is associated with celiacdisease

associated serum IgG in many patients tested. A gluten-free diet results

in significant improvements. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jul;5(7):844-50; quiz 769. Epub 2007 Jun 5. PMID:

17553753

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007 49

Authors : Ulrich Wahnschaffe, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Martin Zeitz, Reiner Ullrich

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diarrhea: IBS associated : CK(10) : AC(1), Irritable Bowel

Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Due to the fact that monozygotic twins share the same genotype but do not

always both get celiac disease, other environmental and genetic factors might

contribute to determining the disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arq Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;47(1):56-60. PMID: 20520976

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2010

Authors : Magda Bahia, Francisco José Penna, Dora Mendez Del Castillo, Marina Guimarães Corrê

Hassegawa, Aline Cristina Vieira, Vanessa Ribeiro Orlando

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) :

AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Enteropathy-type intestinal lymphoma is not necessarily connected with celiac

disease markers, but nonetheless may reflect profound gluten intolerance and

may improve upon gluten withdrawal. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2005 Oct-Dec;68(4):419-23. PMID: 16432993

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2005

Authors : L Van Overbeke, N Ectors, J Tack

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications of unexplained origin may likely be caused

by undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1992 Aug 22;340(8817):439-43. PMID: 1354781

Article Published Date : Aug 22, 1992

Authors : G Gobbi, F Bouquet, L Greco, A Lambertini, C A Tassinari, A Ventura, M G Zaniboni

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Gluten causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 11. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21224837

Article Published Date : Jan 11, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Biesiekierski, Evan D Newnham, Peter M Irving, Jacqueline S Barrett, Melissa

Haines, James D Doecke, Susan J Shepherd, Jane G Muir, Peter R Gibson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

50

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity has been defined as an abnormal non-allergic sensibility to

gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Med Chir. 2010 Sep-Oct;32(5):211-5. PMID: 21174642

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2010

Authors : G M Tronconi, B Parma, G Barera

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

High serum levels of anti-deamidated gliadin peptides may predict celiac

disease in children younger than 2 years - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Liver Dis. 2011 Jun ;43(6):465-9. Epub 2011 Jan 22. PMID: 21257356

Article Published Date : May 31, 2011

Authors : Maria Barbato, Giulia Maiella, Chiara Di Camillo, Sofia Guida, Francesco Valitutti, Ginevra

Lastrucci, Fabrizio Mainiero, Salvatore Cucchiara

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Hypothesis confirmed that gluten elicits harmful IL-15 related immune response

effect on all individuals. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Gut. 2007 Jun ;56(6):889-90. PMID: 17519496

Article Published Date : May 31, 2007

Authors : D Bernardo, J A Garrote, L Fernández-Salazar, S Riestra, E Arranz

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Individuals with celiac disease are at moderately increased risk of epilepsy -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2012 Apr 18. Epub 2012 Apr 18. PMID: 22517096

Article Published Date : Apr 17, 2012 51

Authors : J F Ludvigsson, F Zingone, T Tomson, A Ekbom, C Ciacci

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Additional Keywords : Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Individuals with schizophrenia have a novel immune response to gluten. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Res. 2010 May;118(1-3):248-55. Epub 2009 Sep 11. PMID: 19748229

Article Published Date : May 01, 2010

Authors : Diana Samaroo, Faith Dickerson, Donald D Kasarda, Peter H R Green, Chiara Briani, Robert H

Yolken, Armin Alaedini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Intolerance to wheat (CD autoantibodies) is higher than background rates in

those with Turner syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 May;156(2):205-10. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19298606

Article Published Date : May 01, 2009

Authors : K H Mortensen, L Cleemann, B E Hjerrild, E Nexo, H Locht, E M Jeppesen, C H Gravholt

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes

Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78), Turner Syndrome : CK(10) :

AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Markers of gluten sensitivity and celiac disease are increased in recent-onset

psychosis and multi-episode schizophrenia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Jul 1;68(1):100-4. Epub 2010 May 14. PMID: 20471632

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2010

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Flora

Leister, Shuojia Yang, Bogdana Krivogorsky, Armin Alaedini, Robert Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychoses :

CK(12) : AC(3), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Myopathy associated with gluten sensitivity has been demonstrated. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Muscle Nerve. 2007 Apr;35(4):443-50. PMID: 17143894

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2007

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Arup K Chattopadhyay, Richard A Grünewald, John A Jarratt, Rosalind H

Kandler, D G Rao, D S Sanders, S B Wharton, G A B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies :

52

CK(241) : AC(51), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Patients with biopsy-verified coeliac disease are at moderately increased risk of

urinary stone disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Feb ;35(4):477-84. Epub 2012 Jan 4. PMID: 22221254

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2012

Authors : J F Ludvigsson, F Zingone, M Fored, C Ciacci, M Cirillo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Urinary Stone Disease : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Patients with multiple myeloma have immunoreactivity to gliadin similar to

those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2009;10:32. Epub 2009 May 31. PMID: 19480718

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Aleksandra Konic-Ristic, Dejan Dodig, Radmilo Krstic, Svetislav Jelic, Ivan Stankovic,

Aleksandra Ninkovic, Jelena Radic, Irina Besu, Branka Bonaci-Nikolic, Njegica Jojic, Milica Djordjevic,

Dragan Popovic, Zorica Juranic

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Differences in Immunoreactivity Within Different Wheat Cultivars : CK(11) :

AC(2), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Patients with psoriasis show elevated sensitivity to gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Lab Anal. 2010;24(4):269-72. PMID: 20626025

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2010

Authors : Sangeeta Singh, Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar, Usha, Sanjay Singh

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psoriasis :

CK(270) : AC(42)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Positive serum antigliadin antibodies without celiac disease have been

53

associated with rhematoid arthritis and depression in the elderly. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct;45(10):1197-202. PMID: 20545470

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010

Authors : Anitta Ruuskanen, Katri Kaukinen, Pekka Collin, Heini Huhtala, Raisa Valve, Markku Mäki,

Liisa Luostarinen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) :

AC(8), Depression: Unipolar : CK(662) : AC(84), Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Additional Keywords : Antigliadin Antibodies (AGA) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Review: prevalence of celiac disease in the Asia-Pacific region. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Aug;24(8):1347-51. PMID: 19702902

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2009

Authors : Adrian G Cummins, Ian C Roberts-Thomson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Sensory ganglionopathy may be a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2010 Sep 14;75(11):1003-8. PMID: 20837968

Article Published Date : Sep 14, 2010

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D G Rao, S B Wharton, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, A G B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Peripheral

Neuropathies : CK(454) : AC(31), Sensory Neuropathies : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

The GFD is associated with a rapid and persistent improvement in reflux

symptoms in classicially untreated celiac disease patients that resembles the

healthy population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Mar ;9(3):214-9. Epub 2010 Jun 30. PMID: 20601132

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : Fabio Nachman, Horacio Vázquez, Andrea González, Paola Andrenacci, Liliana Compagni,

Hugo Reyes, Emilia Sugai, María Laura Moreno, Edgardo Smecuol, Hui Jer Hwang, Inés Pinto Sánchez,

Eduardo Mauriño, Julio César Bai

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gastroesophageal Reflux : CK(278) : AC(41)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

The global burden of childhood coeliac disease is likely a neglected component

of diarrhoeal mortality. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2011 ;6(7):e22774. Epub 2011 Jul 26. PMID: 21818388

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Peter Byass, Kathleen Kahn, Anneli Ivarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links 54

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Child Mortality : CK(64) : AC(8), Diarrhea: in Children :

CK(213) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

The glutenfree diet described as only effective therapy to prevent acute

pancreatitis relapses associated with gluten enteropathy - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2008 Dec ;100(12):746-51. PMID: 19222332

Article Published Date : Nov 30, 2008

Authors : L Rodrigo, N Alvarez, S Riestra, R de Francisco, O González Bernardo, L García Isidro, A

López Vázquez, C López Larrea

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40)

Additional Keywords : Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40), Pancreatitis :

CK(163) : AC(40)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly increased in

patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, indicating the potential that

wheat/gluten may contribute to malignancies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 1996 Apr ;38(4):528-30. PMID: 8707082

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 1996

Authors : P Collin, E Pukkala, T Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma : CK(515) : AC(67)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

The involvement of wheat intolerance in multiple sclerosis may be as high as

12% of patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2004 Jun 22;62(12):2326-7. PMID: 15210909

Article Published Date : Jun 22, 2004

Authors : Connie D S N A Pengiran Tengah, Robert J Lock, D Joseph Unsworth, Adrian J Wills

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Sclerosis : CK(716) : AC(133), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

The prevalence of CD could be as high as 1 in 33 persons. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr. 2000 Jan ;136(1):86-90. PMID: 10636980

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2000

Authors : I Hill, A Fasano, R Schwartz, D Counts, M Glock, K Horvath

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Prevalence : CK(121) : AC(13)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

The prevalence of celiac disease in Down syndrome in the southeastern United

States was 1 in 14 cases. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000 Sep;31(3):275-9. PMID: 10997372

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2000

55

Authors : D A Zachor, E Mroczek-Musulman, P Brown

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

The prevalence rate of celiac disease in Libyan children with type 1 diabetes

was 10.3%. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2003 Jan-Feb;19(1):69-75. PMID: 12592646

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Abdelhakim Ashabani, Umaima Abushofa, Suliman Abusrewill, Mahmoud Abdelazez, Ludmila

Tucková, Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a close association between Sjögren's syndrome and celiac disease.

Even among nonceliac patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, an ongoing

inflammation is often present in the small bowel mucosa. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Apr;94(4):1042-6. PMID: 10201480

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1999

Authors : S Iltanen, P Collin, M Korpela, K Holm, J Partanen, A Polvi, M Mäki

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is a high frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease among celiac disease

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):63-6. PMID: 12827007

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2003

Authors : Nicoletta Ansaldi, Tiziana Palmas, Andrea Corrias, Maria Barbato, Mario Rocco D'Altiglia,

Angelo Campanozzi, Mariella Baldassarre, Francesco Rea, Rosanna Pluvio, Margherita Bonamico,

Rosanna Lazzari, Giovanni Corrao

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac

Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There is a high prevalance of antibodies to gliadin in patients with

inflammatory myopathies, indicating a higher prevalance of gluten sensitivity

or celiac disease in this patient group. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:174-9. PMID: 19758147

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Hedi Orbach, Nimrod Amitai, Ori Barzilai, Mona Boaz, Maya Ram, Gisele Zandman-Goddard,

Yehuda Shoenfeld

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies:

56

Inflammatory : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a high prevlance of gluten sensitivity in Japanese patients with adultonset

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Intern Med. 2006;45(3):135-40. Epub 2006 Mar 1. PMID: 16508226

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Masafumi Ihara, Fumi Makino, Hideyuki Sawada, Takahiro Mezaki, Kotaro Mizutani, Hiroshi

Nakase, Makoto Matsui, Hidekazu Tomimoto, Shun Shimohama

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There is a higher frequence of celiac disease associated antibodies in

autoimmune hepatitis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 1998 Oct;43(10):2190-5. PMID: 9790453

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 1998

Authors : U Volta, L De Franceschi, N Molinaro, F Cassani, L Muratori, M Lenzi, F B Bianchi, A J Czaja

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Hepatitis:

Autoimmune : CK(41) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a higher prevalance of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity in patients

with Grave's hyperthyroidism. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):303-6. PMID: 15730411

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2005

Authors : Chin Lye Ch'ng, Moushmi Biswas, Ann Benton, M Keston Jones, Jeremy G C Kingham

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a higher prevalence of celiac disease in patients with Down syndrome

than background populations. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr. 1999 Sep;88(9):953-6. PMID: 10519335

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1999

Authors : S M Pueschel, C Romano, P Failla, C Barone, R Pettinato, A Castellano Chiodo, D L Plumari

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a prevalence of IgA-antigliadin antibodies and IgA-antiendomysium

antibodies related to celiac disease in children with Down syndrome. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatrics. 1998 Feb;101(2):272-5. PMID: 9445503

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1998 57

Authors : A Carlsson, I Axelsson, S Borulf, A Bredberg, M Forslund, B Lindberg, K Sjöberg, S A Ivarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is an association between psoraisis and asymptomatic celiac

disease/gluten intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008 Sep;22(9):1055-61. Epub 2008 Apr 1. PMID:

18384553

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : A Damasiewicz-Bodzek, T Wielkoszyński

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis :

CK(270) : AC(42)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is an increased frequency of gliadin antibodies in patients with Down

syndrome, indicating the possibilty of an increased incidence of celiac disease

in this population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 1990 Sep;149(12):833-4. PMID: 2146127

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1990

Authors : W Storm

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is evidence that intolerance to wheat (measured by CD associated antiendomysial

antibodies) may play a role in Graves' disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Digestion. 1999 Jan-Feb;60(1):86-8. PMID: 9892805

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1999

Authors : A Carroccio, N Custro, G Montalto, L Giannitrapani, M Soresi, A Notarbartolo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There was a 31% prevalence of RLS in the CD population that was significantly

higher than the prevalence in the control population (4%; P<0.001). 6 - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2010 May 15 ;25(7):877-81. PMID: 20461805

Article Published Date : May 15, 2010

Authors : Marcello Moccia, Maria Teresa Pellecchia, Roberto Erro, Fabiana Zingone, Sara Marelli,

Damiano Giuseppe Barone, Carolina Ciacci, Luigi Ferini Strambi, Paolo Barone

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Restless Legs Syndrome : CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

58

Those with celiac disease may experience neurological damage as a result of

the intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2007 Jul ;133(1):195-206. Epub 2007 May 3. PMID: 17631142

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Elisabetta Cervio, Umberto Volta, Manuela Verri, Federica Boschi, Ornella Pastoris,

Alessandro Granito, Giovanni Barbara, Claudia Parisi, Cristina Felicani, Marcello Tonini, Roberto De

Giorgio

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic : CK(1465) : AC(1099)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Thyroid autoimmunity is associated with celiac disease in children. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr. 2010 Feb;156(2):292-5. Epub 2009 Oct 20. PMID: 19846116

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2010

Authors : Alessandra Cassio, Giampaolo Ricci, Federico Baronio, Angela Miniaci, Milva Bal, Barbara

Bigucci, Veronica Conti, Alessandro Cicognani

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Unexplained infertility in women may be due to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Minerva Med. 2007 Jun;98(3):217-9. PMID: 17592443

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2007

Authors : R Pellicano, M Astegiano, M Bruno, S Fagoonee, M Rizzetto

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94), Infertility: Female :

CK(182) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Unless diagnosis rates improve there will be about 600,000 celiac patients will

die in the Mediterranean area in the next 10 years, with an excess of 44.4% vs

age- and sex-matched controls. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2011 Dec 7 ;17(45):4971-8. PMID: 22174546

Article Published Date : Dec 07, 2011

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Prevalence : CK(121) : AC(13)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat gluten may exert its adverse effects through activation of complement

(a cascade of proteins in the blood that form part of innate immunity). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 1993 Dec;94(3):539-43. PMID: 8252813

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1993

59

Authors : D J Unsworth, R Würzner, D L Brown, P J Lachmann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(81) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts : CK(3435) : AC(1172)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies from celiac patients are responsible for

trophoblast damage associated with infertility. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct ;105(10):2254-61. Epub 2010 Jun 22. PMID: 20571491

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010

Authors : Nicoletta Di Simone, Marco Silano, Roberta Castellani, Fiorella Di Nicuolo, Maria C

D'Alessio, Francesco Franceschi, Alessandra Tritarelli, Antonio M Leone, Chiara Tersigni, Giovanni

Gasbarrini, Nicolò G Silveri, Alessandro Caruso, Antonio Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic : CK(1465) : AC(1099)

Additional Keywords : Apoptotic : CK(1465) : AC(1099)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Ascorbate decreases mucosal inflammatory response to gluten and might play

a role in future supplementary therapy in CD - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2012 Jan-Feb;40(1):3-8. Epub 2011 Mar 21. PMID:

21420224.1

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2011

Authors : D Bernardo, B Martínez-Abad, S Vallejo-Diez, E Montalvillo, V Benito, B Anta, L Fernández-

Salazar, A Blanco-Quirós, J A Garrote, E Arranz

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Substances : Vitamin C : CK(1226) : AC(238)

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Leukocyte migration was inhibited by the wheat-derived peptides in celiac

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neuropeptides. 1987 Feb-Mar;9(2):113-22. PMID: 3033541

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1987

Authors : L Graf, K Horvath, E Walcz, I Berzetei, J Burnier

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Immune Disorders: Low Immune Function : CK(488) :

AC(115)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunosuppressive : CK(143) : AC(23)

A Glutenfree diet improves osteogenesis imperfecta associated with celiac

disease and type II diabetes - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Case Report Med. 2012 ;2012:813461. Epub 2012 Mar 5. PMID: 22481956

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2011

Authors : Luis Rodrigo, Isabel Pérez-Martinez

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 : CK(3229) : AC(328),

60

Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72), Osteogenesis Imperfecta : CK(3) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Multiple Fractures : CK(3) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Benign neuromyeltitis optica has been linked to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol. 2009 Aug 18. Epub 2009 Aug 18. PMID: 21473007

Article Published Date : Aug 18, 2009

Authors : R Bergamaschi, S Jarius, M Robotti, A Pichiecchio, B Wildemann, G Meola

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Neuromyelitis Optica : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Calcium, Vitamin D and a Gluten-Free diet decreased bone pain and improved

muscle strength. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Arch Osteoporos. 2011 Dec ;6(1-2):209-213. Epub 2011 Jun 15. PMID: 22207878

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2011

Authors : Noortje M Rabelink, Hans M Westgeest, Nathalie Bravenboer, Maarten A J M Jacobs, Paul Lips

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Substances : Calcium : CK(232) : AC(35), Vitamin D : CK(1640) : AC(238)

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Osteomalacia : CK(37) : AC(5), Osteoporosis : CK(1136) :

AC(205)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

CD: GFD provides drug free control of seizures and helps correct other features

of malabsorption like hypocalcaemia and anaemia - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Assoc Physicians India. 2010 Aug ;58:512-5. PMID: 21189704

Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2010

Authors : Vashishth P Maniar, Sameer S Yadav, Yojana A Gokhale

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anemia : CK(89) : AC(12), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypocalcemia : CK(7) : AC(3),

Seizures : CK(122) : AC(28)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Celiac disease and autoimmune pancreatitis: a case report. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Nov ;23(12):1270-2. PMID: 21946127

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2011

Authors : Ibrahim Masoodi, Hamidullah Wani, Khalid Alsayari, Tarek Sulaiman, Nadeem Syed Hassan,

Adel Nazmi Alqutub, Ahmed Al Omair, Abed H Al-Lehibi

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Celiac disease and migraine disorders may be linked. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Headache. 1998 Sep;38(8):627-8. PMID: 11398309

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1998

61

Authors : J Serratrice, P Disdier, C de Roux, C Christides, P J Weiller

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease can be associated with cerebral venous thrombosis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Mal Vasc. 2005 Sep;30(4 Pt 1):228-30. PMID: 16292200

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2005

Authors : M Bahloul, A Chaari, N Khlaf-Bouaziz, H Kallel, L Chaari, C Ben Hamida, H Chelly, N Rekik, M

Bouaziz

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Stroke : CK(540) : AC(47), Thrombosis : CK(657) : AC(74)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease presenting as severe osteopenia has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Hawaii Med J. 2011 Nov ;70(11):242-4. PMID: 22162604

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2011

Authors : Christopher J Mulder, Anthony P Cardile, Judith Dickert

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Osteopenia :

CK(207) : AC(41), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease with multiple foci of calcification in the spleen has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Indian J Pediatr. 2010 Dec 3. Epub 2010 Dec 3. PMID: 21128017

Article Published Date : Dec 03, 2010

Authors : Anu Maheshwari, Satinder Aneja, Praveen Kumar, Shreshtha Banga

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Ectopic Calcification : CK(792) : AC(113), Splenic

Calcifications : CK(3) : AC(1), Splenic Diseases : CK(15) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin Emediated

food allergy. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011 ;21(1):73-5. PMID: 21370728

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : S Sánchez-García, M D Ibáñez, M J Martinez-Gómez, C Escudero, A Vereda, M Fernández-

Rodríguez, P Rodríguez del Río

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated : CK(3) : AC(1), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Deep vein thrombosis risk has been associated with celiac disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Bratisl Lek Listy. 2009;110(4):263-4. PMID: 19507658 62

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Esin Beyan, Merve Pamukcuoglu, Cengiz Beyan

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications poorly responsive to antiepileptic

treatment have been reported significantly improved with folic acid and a

gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 May;80(5):559-62. PMID: 1908173

Article Published Date : May 01, 1991

Authors : A Ventura, F Bouquet, C Sartorelli, E Barbi, G Torre, G Tommasini

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3), Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency :

CK(13) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Gluten sensitivity has been mistaken for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Nov ;63(11):1501-3. PMID: 15479903

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2004

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, M Akil

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Systemic Lupus

Erythematosus : CK(387) : AC(54), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten-free diet effective in celiac disease related uveitis - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Rheumatol Int. 2011 Mar ;31(3):399-402. Epub 2009 Oct 14. PMID: 19826819

Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2011

Authors : Karin Klack, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Jozélio Freire de Carvalho

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Uveitis : CK(63) : AC(9)

Additional Keywords : Uveitis : CK(63) : AC(9)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Hyperamylasemia due to macroamylasemia in adult gluten enteropathy has

been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1997 May ;57(3):271-3. PMID: 9238763

Article Published Date : May 01, 1997

Authors : G Bonetti, G Serricchio, A Giudici, M Bettonagli, G B Vadacca, R Bruno, E Coslovich, R Moratti

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hyperamylasemia : CK(3) : AC(1), Macroamylasemia :

CK(19) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

IgA, intestinal biopsy point to link between cold urticaria and celiac disease in

high-risk HLA types - GMI Summary

63

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2008 ;18(2):123-5. PMID: 18447142

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2007

Authors : M Pedrosa Delgado, F Martín Muñoz, I Polanco Allué, M Martín Esteban

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Substances : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(3) : AC(1)

Diseases : Asthma : CK(857) : AC(134), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

Additional Keywords : Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8),

Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Regression of conjunctival tumor in celiac disease patient attributed to

glutenfree diet. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep-Oct;58(5):433-4. PMID: 20689203

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2010

Authors : Samuray Tuncer, Baris Yeniad, Gonul Peksayar

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Conjunctival Tumor : CK(3) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary

Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) :

AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Renal complications can occur as a result of celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Indian J Pediatr. 2011 Jul 9. Epub 2011 Jul 9. PMID: 21744127

Article Published Date : Jul 09, 2011

Authors : Mukta Mantan, Dhulika Dhingra, Gulshan Rai Sethi

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A rhesus monkey model of gluten sensitivity for histopathology of CD, intestinal

permeability, and states of epithelial integrity and disrepair. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2010 ;5(4):e10228. Epub 2010 Apr 19. PMID: 20419103

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2009

Authors : Kaushiki Mazumdar, Xavier Alvarez, Juan T Borda, Jason Dufour, Edith Martin, Michael T

Bethune, Chaitan Khosla, Karol Sestak

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Dietary cereals contribute to intestinal permeability in experimental

enteropathy in rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 1983 Sep ;24(9):825-30. PMID: 6411526

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1983

Authors : J S Sandhu, D R Fraser

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate : CK(30) : AC(13), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56) 64

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Grains : CK(27) : AC(8)

Gliadin triggered insulinitis in type 1 diabetes associated with celiac disease -

GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2011 Oct 15 ;187(8):4338-46. Epub 2011 Sep 12. PMID: 21911598

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2011

Authors : Heather J Galipeau, Nestor E Rulli, Jennifer Jury, Xianxi Huang, Romina Araya, Joseph A

Murray, Chella S David, Fernando G Chirdo, Kathy D McCoy, Elena F Verdu

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Enteropathy : CK(28) : AC(4), Insulinitis : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Primates exhibit gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2008;3(2):e1614. Epub 2008 Feb 20. PMID: 18286171

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2008

Authors : Michael T Bethune, Juan T Borda, Erin Ribka, Michael-Xun Liu, Kathrine Phillippi-Falkenstein,

Ronald J Jandacek, Gaby G M Doxiadis, Gary M Gray, Chaitan Khosla, Karol Sestak

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Retinoic Acid (a Vitamin A metabolite) in conjunction with IL-15 promotes

rather than prevents Inflammation in Celiacs - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Nature. 2011 Mar 10 ;471(7337):220-4. Epub 2011 Feb 9. PMID: 21307853

Article Published Date : Mar 09, 2011

Authors : R W DePaolo, V Abadie, F Tang, H Fehlner-Peach, J A Hall, W Wang, E V Marietta, D D

Kasarda, T A Waldmann, J A Murray, C Semrad, S S Kupfer, Y Belkaid, S Guandalini, B Jabri

Study T ype : Transgenic Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Vitamin A : CK(371) : AC(58)

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Disease : CK(4) : AC(2), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5), IL-15 : CK(4) :

AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Because anti-gliadin antibodies bind to neuronal synapsin I it is possible that

molecular mimicry and antibody cross-reactivity are responsbile for

neurological symptoms associated with gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2007 May 15 ;178(10):6590-5. PMID: 17475890

Article Published Date : May 15, 2007

Authors : Armin Alaedini, Haruka Okamoto, Chiara Briani, Kurt Wollenberg, Holly A Shill, Khalafalla O

Bushara, Howard W Sander, Peter H R Green, Mark Hallett, Norman Latov

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Celiac disease is diagnosed in 1 in 100-200 individuals, but still only one i6n5 four

cases is diagnosed. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 2012 Mar 16. Epub 2012 Mar 16. PMID: 22422192

Article Published Date : Mar 16, 2012

Authors : C M Frank Kneepkens, B Mary E von Blomberg

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Prevalence : CK(121) : AC(13)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease should be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of neurological

dysfunction of unknown cause, including ataxia, epilepsy and dementia. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Dec ;62(4):969-72. Epub 2004 Dec 15. PMID: 15608953

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2004

Authors : José Ibiapina Siqueira Neto, Ana Carolina Leite Vieira Costa, Francisco George Magalhães,

Gisele Sampaio Silva

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Dementia : CK(225) : AC(31),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Celiac disease: strong association to HLA and 39 nonHLA risk genes, mostly

immune-related - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Trends Mol Med. 2010 Nov ;16(11):537-50. Epub 2010 Oct 12. PMID: 20947431

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2010

Authors : Gosia Trynka, Cisca Wijmenga, David A van Heel

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 :

CK(24) : AC(5), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Diarrhoea due to coeliac disease may be mistakenly diagnosed as 'diabetic

diarrhoea." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Q J Med. 1978 Jan ;47(185):89-100. PMID: 674552

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1978

Authors : C H Walsh, B T Cooper, A D Wright, J M Malins, W T Cooke

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

GFD beneficial in HLA-related celiac disease with epilepsy and cerebral

calcifications - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Brain Dev. 2005 Apr ;27(3):189-200. PMID: 15737700

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 2005

Authors : Giuseppe Gobbi

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29) 66

Additional Keywords : HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Gluten contaiminates 23.8% of the supplements tested. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol. 2011 Oct-Dec;70(4):174-7. PMID: 22568265

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2011

Authors : Simona Oancea, Adriana Wagner, Elena Cîrstea, Mirela Sima

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Glutenfree diet still recommended response to celiac disease; new approaches

under investigation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Apr ;35(7):768-81. Epub 2012 Feb 13. PMID: 22324389

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 2012

Authors : S Rashtak, J A Murray

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Identification of gluten fractions and derived peptides involved in wheat allergy

and intolerance, including celiac disease - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Expert Rev Proteomics. 2011 Feb ;8(1):95-115. PMID: 21329430

Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2011

Authors : Gianfranco Mamone, Gianluca Picariello, Francesco Addeo, Pasquale Ferranti

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Rye : CK(12) : AC(3)

Methods for detecting trace amounts of gluten proteins in gluten-free foods for

celiac disease patients - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Mass Spectrom. 2007 Dec ;42(12):1531-48. PMID: 18085572

Article Published Date : Nov 30, 2007

Authors : Pasquale Ferranti, Gianfranco Mamone, Gianluca Picariello, Francesco Addeo

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac

Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Recognizing women with unexplained infertility and previous adverse pregnancy

outcomes as at risk of celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2010 Sep ;6(5):753-66. PMID: 20887172

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2010

Authors : Sveta Shah, Daniel Leffler

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links 67

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94)

Additional Keywords : Enteropathy : CK(3) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Recurrent miscarriages may be due to undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Recenti Prog Med. 2000 Feb;91(2):72-5. PMID: 10748651

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2000

Authors : P Caramaschi, D Biasi, A Carletto, M Randon, M L Pacor, L M Bambara

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Miscarriage :

CK(516) : AC(35), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Review: parallels between pathogens and gluten peptides in celiac sprue. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS Pathog. 2008 Feb;4(2):e34. PMID: 18425213

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2008

Authors : Michael T Bethune, Chaitan Khosla

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance Analogy to Infection : CK(1) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

The effect of gliadin on lymphocytes from patients with celiac disease may be

mediated through opioid-like receptors. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1985 Jul 27;2(8448):184-5. PMID: 2862373

Article Published Date : Jul 27, 1985

Authors : K Horváth, L Gráf, E Walcz, H Bodánszky, D Schuler

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There are neurologic and psychiatric manifestations to gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21877216

Article Published Date : Aug 30, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Jackson, William W Eaton, Nicola G Cascella, Alessio Fasano, Deanna L Kelly

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) :

AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) may be involved in the pathogenesis of celiac

disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 Jan;63(1):95-100. PMID: 3754186

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1986

Authors : L M Sollid, J Kolberg, H Scott, J Ek, O Fausa, P Brandtzaeg

Study T ype : Commentary

68

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) may be responsible for the crypt hyperplasia

found in celiac children due to a mitogenic response induced by wheat germ

agglutin (WGA). - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1995 May;6(2):98-102. PMID: 7581728

Article Published Date : May 01, 1995

Authors : K Fälth-Magnusson, K E Magnusson

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Lectin-Induced Toxicity : CK(5) : AC(4)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269), Epidermal Growth Factor Mimetic

: CK(1) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Wheat gliadin exhibits non-specific cytotoxicity to a variety of human cells. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1976 Feb 14;1(7955):339-41. PMID: 54743

Article Published Date : Feb 14, 1976

Authors : D A Hudson, H J Cornell, D R Purdham, C J Rolles

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Wheat lectin may be responsible for aggravating celiac disease through

secondary intolerances, as well as the occurence of intestinal lesions in healthy

subjects administered high levels of gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1985 Dec;4(6):923-30. PMID: 3906076

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1985

Authors : S Auricchio, G De Ritis, M De Vincenzi, V Silano

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Wheat, rye, and barley proteins may act as aids to carcinogens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 1997 Sep;49(3):285-8. PMID: 9293475

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1997

Authors : R Hoggan

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), HPA Axis Dysregulation : CK(69) : AC(11), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10), Grains : CK(27) :

AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Wheat Intolerance

69

Recurrent miscarriages may occur due to undiagnosed celiac disease, and may

resolve after a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Nov;53(11):2925-8. Epub 2008 Mar 27. PMID: 18368491

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2008

Authors : Antonio Tursi, Gianmarco Giorgetti, Giovanni Brandimarte, Walter Elisei

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

A Gluten-free diet in psoriasis patients with antibodies to gliadin results in

significant clinical improvements. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(6):425-9. PMID: 14690336

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Gerd Michaëlsson, Stina Ahs, Ingrid Hammarström, Inger Pihl Lundin, Eva Hagforsen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A significant proportion of patients with migraine may have celiac disease, and

that a gluten free diet may lead to a improvement in the migraine in these

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Mar;98(3):625-9. PMID: 12650798

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2003

Authors : Maurizio Gabrielli, Filippo Cremonini, Giuseppe Fiore, Giovanni Addolorato, Cristiano

Padalino, Marcello Candelli, Maria Elena De Leo, Luca Santarelli, Mario Giacovazzo, Antonio Gasbarrini,

Paolo Pola, Antonio Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease is markedly overrepresented among patients presenting with

ADHD. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2011 ;13(3). PMID: 21977364

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Helmut Niederhofer

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder : CK(160) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) :

AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease should be considered among the differential diagnoses in a

patient with poly-arthritis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Reumatol Clin. 2011 Jan-Feb;7(1):27-9. Epub 2010 Jun 23. PMID: 21794776

70

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : José Dionisio Castillo-Ortiz, Sergio Durán-Barragán, Adriana Sánchez-Ortíz, Cesar Ramos-

Remus

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Polyarthritis : CK(134) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Children with autism show elevations against gliadin (wheat protein) and

cerebellar proteins simultaneously. These proteins simulate antibodies that

may cross-react, resulting in neurological damage. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Jun;7(3):151-61. PMID: 15526989

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2004

Authors : A Vojdani, T O'Bryan, J A Green, J Mccandless, K N Woeller, E Vojdani, A A Nourian, E L

Cooper

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism : CK(1340) : AC(65), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Autoimmune

Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Molecular Mimicry : CK(47) : AC(10)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Elevated IgA antibodies to gluten and gliadin proteins and to casein in milk

have been found in patients with Rett syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Autism. 2006 Mar;10(2):189-97. PMID: 16613867

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : K L Reichelt, O Skjeldal

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Rett Syndrome :

CK(20) : AC(2), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Gluten causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 11. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21224837

Article Published Date : Jan 11, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Biesiekierski, Evan D Newnham, Peter M Irving, Jacqueline S Barrett, Melissa

Haines, James D Doecke, Susan J Shepherd, Jane G Muir, Peter R Gibson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Multiple myeloma patients exhibit humoral immunoreactivity to gliadin and to

tissue transglutaminase, not unlike those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2008;9:22. Epub 2008 May 28. PMID: 18507842

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2008

Authors : [No authors listed]

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

71

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Myopathy associated with gluten sensitivity has been demonstrated. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Muscle Nerve. 2007 Apr;35(4):443-50. PMID: 17143894

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2007

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Arup K Chattopadhyay, Richard A Grünewald, John A Jarratt, Rosalind H

Kandler, D G Rao, D S Sanders, S B Wharton, G A B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies :

CK(241) : AC(51), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Patients with multiple myeloma have immunoreactivity to gliadin similar to

those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2009;10:32. Epub 2009 May 31. PMID: 19480718

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Aleksandra Konic-Ristic, Dejan Dodig, Radmilo Krstic, Svetislav Jelic, Ivan Stankovic,

Aleksandra Ninkovic, Jelena Radic, Irina Besu, Branka Bonaci-Nikolic, Njegica Jojic, Milica Djordjevic,

Dragan Popovic, Zorica Juranic

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Differences in Immunoreactivity Within Different Wheat Cultivars : CK(11) :

AC(2), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Persons with schizophrenia have higher than expected titers of antibodies

related to celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Bull. 2011 Jan;37(1):94-100. Epub 2009 Jun 3. PMID: 19494248

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Nicola G Cascella, Debra Kryszak, Bushra Bhatti, Patricia Gregory, Deanna L Kelly, Joseph P

Mc Evoy, Alessio Fasano, William W Eaton

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

72

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Sensory ganglionopathy may be a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2010 Sep 14;75(11):1003-8. PMID: 20837968

Article Published Date : Sep 14, 2010

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D G Rao, S B Wharton, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, A G B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Peripheral

Neuropathies : CK(454) : AC(31), Sensory Neuropathies : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

The involvement of wheat intolerance in multiple sclerosis may be as high as

12% of patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2004 Jun 22;62(12):2326-7. PMID: 15210909

Article Published Date : Jun 22, 2004

Authors : Connie D S N A Pengiran Tengah, Robert J Lock, D Joseph Unsworth, Adrian J Wills

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Sclerosis : CK(716) : AC(133), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

The majority of patients with Meniere's disease tested (56.9%) are sensitive to

gliadin, as measured by a skin prick test. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Laryngoscope. 2011 Dec 6. Epub 2011 Dec 6. PMID: 22253033

Article Published Date : Dec 06, 2011

Authors : Federica Di Berardino, Antonio Cesarani

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Meniere's Disease : CK(288) : AC(5), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is a prevalence of IgA-antigliadin antibodies and IgA-antiendomysium

antibodies related to celiac disease in children with Down syndrome. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatrics. 1998 Feb;101(2):272-5. PMID: 9445503

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1998

Authors : A Carlsson, I Axelsson, S Borulf, A Bredberg, M Forslund, B Lindberg, K Sjöberg, S A Ivarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Unexplained infertility in women may be due to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Minerva Med. 2007 Jun;98(3):217-9. PMID: 17592443

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2007

Authors : R Pellicano, M Astegiano, M Bruno, S Fagoonee, M Rizzetto

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

73

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94), Infertility: Female :

CK(182) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Wheat intolerance is a common causative factor in atopic dermatitis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Allergy. 2000 Apr;55(4):386-91. PMID: 10782525

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2000

Authors : E Varjonen, E Vainio, K Kalimo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5)

Celiac disease presenting as severe osteopenia has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Hawaii Med J. 2011 Nov ;70(11):242-4. PMID: 22162604

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2011

Authors : Christopher J Mulder, Anthony P Cardile, Judith Dickert

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Osteopenia :

CK(207) : AC(41), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity has been mistaken for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Nov ;63(11):1501-3. PMID: 15479903

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2004

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, M Akil

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Systemic Lupus

Erythematosus : CK(387) : AC(54), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

CLA reduces gliadin-induced intestinal toxicity in an animal model. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Sep ;55 Suppl 2:S248-56. Epub 2011 Aug 31. PMID: 21954188

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2011

Authors : Paolo Bergamo, Marta Gogliettino, Gianna Palmieri, Ennio Cocca, Francesco Maurano, Rosita

Stefanile, Marco Balestrieri, Giuseppe Mazzarella, Chella David, Mauro Rossi

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid) : CK(71) : AC(27)

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Because anti-gliadin antibodies bind to neuronal synapsin I it is possible that

molecular mimicry and antibody cross-reactivity are responsbile for

neurological symptoms associated with gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary74

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2007 May 15 ;178(10):6590-5. PMID: 17475890

Article Published Date : May 15, 2007

Authors : Armin Alaedini, Haruka Okamoto, Chiara Briani, Kurt Wollenberg, Holly A Shill, Khalafalla O

Bushara, Howard W Sander, Peter H R Green, Mark Hallett, Norman Latov

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Identification of gluten fractions and derived peptides involved in wheat allergy

and intolerance, including celiac disease - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Expert Rev Proteomics. 2011 Feb ;8(1):95-115. PMID: 21329430

Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2011

Authors : Gianfranco Mamone, Gianluca Picariello, Francesco Addeo, Pasquale Ferranti

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Rye : CK(12) : AC(3)

The habitual consumption of wheat gluten may be a contributing factor in the

pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 2007;68(3):607-19. Epub 2006 Oct 11. PMID: 17045415

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2007

Authors : William E Barbeau, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Raquel Hontecillas

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Zonulin : CK(15) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

There are neurologic and psychiatric manifestations to gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21877216

Article Published Date : Aug 30, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Jackson, William W Eaton, Nicola G Cascella, Alessio Fasano, Deanna L Kelly

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) :

AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat gliadin exhibits non-specific cytotoxicity to a variety of human cells. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1976 Feb 14;1(7955):339-41. PMID: 54743

Article Published Date : Feb 14, 1976

Authors : D A Hudson, H J Cornell, D R Purdham, C J Rolles

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Int7o5lerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Wheat gliadin may promote its pro-allergenic effects by upregulation of

interleukin-4 induced IgE production. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cytokine. 2003 Mar 21;21(6):270-80. PMID: 12824000

Article Published Date : Mar 21, 2003

Authors : Bernard Dugas, Nathalie Dugas, Marc Conti, Alphonse Calenda, Paco Pino, Yolène Thomas,

Dominique Mazier, Ioannis Vouldoukis

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5), Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37),

Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation : CK(1) : AC(1)

Wheat lectin may be responsible for aggravating celiac disease through

secondary intolerances, as well as the occurence of intestinal lesions in healthy

subjects administered high levels of gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1985 Dec;4(6):923-30. PMID: 3906076

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1985

Authors : S Auricchio, G De Ritis, M De Vincenzi, V Silano

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Gluten Sensitivity

A high prevalence of gluten sensitivity is found in sporadic and hereditary

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2001 Apr;49(4):540-3. PMID: 11310636

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2001

Authors : K O Bushara, S U Goebel, H Shill, L G Goldfarb, M Hallett

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Collagenous enterocolitis represents a diffuse manifestation of gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Gastroenterol. 1992 Jul ;15(1):45-51. PMID: 1500661

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1992

Authors : T M McCashland, J P Donovan, R S Strobach, J Linder, E M Quigley

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Colitis: Collagenous : CK(20) : AC(1), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17), Inflammatory : CK(150) :

AC(37)

76

Elevated IgA rheumatoid factor may result from wheat consumption. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Derm Venereol. 1995 Mar ;75(2):130-2. PMID: 7604641

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1995

Authors : M Sökjer, T Jónsson, S Bödvarsson, I Jónsdóttir, H Valdimarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA rheumatoid factor: elevated : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Gluten causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 11. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21224837

Article Published Date : Jan 11, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Biesiekierski, Evan D Newnham, Peter M Irving, Jacqueline S Barrett, Melissa

Haines, James D Doecke, Susan J Shepherd, Jane G Muir, Peter R Gibson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity has been defined as an abnormal non-allergic sensibility to

gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Med Chir. 2010 Sep-Oct;32(5):211-5. PMID: 21174642

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2010

Authors : G M Tronconi, B Parma, G Barera

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Gluten sensitivity is a clinically confirmed problem in multiple sclerosis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:343-9. PMID: 19758171

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Dana Ben-Ami Shor, Ori Barzilai, Maya Ram, David Izhaky, Bat Sheva Porat-Katz, Joab

Chapman, Miri Blank, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Yehuda Shoenfeld

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Multiple Sclerosis : CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Gluten sensitivity is is common in patients with neurological disease of

unknown cause and may have etiological significance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1996 Feb 10;347(8998):369-71. PMID: 8598704

Article Published Date : Feb 10, 1996

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, A Gibson, G A Davies-Jones, A J Lobo, T J Stephenson, A Milford-Ward

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Nervous System Diseases : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104) 77

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Hypothesis confirmed that gluten elicits harmful IL-15 related immune response

effect on all individuals. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Gut. 2007 Jun ;56(6):889-90. PMID: 17519496

Article Published Date : May 31, 2007

Authors : D Bernardo, J A Garrote, L Fernández-Salazar, S Riestra, E Arranz

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Individuals with mania have significantly increased levels of IgG antibodies to

gliadin. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatry Res. 2012 Mar 2. Epub 2012 Mar 2. PMID: 22386570

Article Published Date : Mar 02, 2012

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Robert

Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Mania: Acute : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Markers of gluten sensitivity and celiac disease are increased in recent-onset

psychosis and multi-episode schizophrenia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Jul 1;68(1):100-4. Epub 2010 May 14. PMID: 20471632

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2010

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Flora

Leister, Shuojia Yang, Bogdana Krivogorsky, Armin Alaedini, Robert Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychoses :

CK(12) : AC(3), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Mortality from malignant neoplasms, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and digestive

system disorders were significantly higher in gluten sensitive patients

compared to the Northern Ireland population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan 7 ;13(1):146-51. PMID: 17206762

78

Article Published Date : Jan 07, 2007

Authors : L A Anderson, S A McMillan, R G P Watson, P Monaghan, A T Gavin, C Fox, L J Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cancers: All : CK(8580) : AC(2715), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Mortality: All-

Cause : CK(644) : AC(55)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Myopathy associated with gluten sensitivity has been demonstrated. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Muscle Nerve. 2007 Apr;35(4):443-50. PMID: 17143894

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2007

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Arup K Chattopadhyay, Richard A Grünewald, John A Jarratt, Rosalind H

Kandler, D G Rao, D S Sanders, S B Wharton, G A B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies :

CK(241) : AC(51), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Patients with psoriasis show elevated sensitivity to gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Lab Anal. 2010;24(4):269-72. PMID: 20626025

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2010

Authors : Sangeeta Singh, Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar, Usha, Sanjay Singh

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psoriasis :

CK(270) : AC(42)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Preparations of gliadin, extracted from wheat gluten, were shown to stimulate

a proliferative response by lymphocytes of normal donors. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1980;62(2):162-7. PMID: 7372365

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1980

Authors : A J Frew, S Bright, P R Shewry, A Munro

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Proliferative : CK(13) : AC(3)

79

Sensory ganglionopathy may be a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2010 Sep 14;75(11):1003-8. PMID: 20837968

Article Published Date : Sep 14, 2010

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D G Rao, S B Wharton, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, A G B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Peripheral

Neuropathies : CK(454) : AC(31), Sensory Neuropathies : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There is a high prevalance of antibodies to gliadin in patients with

inflammatory myopathies, indicating a higher prevalance of gluten sensitivity

or celiac disease in this patient group. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:174-9. PMID: 19758147

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Hedi Orbach, Nimrod Amitai, Ori Barzilai, Mona Boaz, Maya Ram, Gisele Zandman-Goddard,

Yehuda Shoenfeld

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies:

Inflammatory : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a high prevlance of gluten sensitivity in Japanese patients with adultonset

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Intern Med. 2006;45(3):135-40. Epub 2006 Mar 1. PMID: 16508226

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Masafumi Ihara, Fumi Makino, Hideyuki Sawada, Takahiro Mezaki, Kotaro Mizutani, Hiroshi

Nakase, Makoto Matsui, Hidekazu Tomimoto, Shun Shimohama

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There is a higher frequence of celiac disease associated antibodies in

autoimmune hepatitis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 1998 Oct;43(10):2190-5. PMID: 9790453

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 1998

Authors : U Volta, L De Franceschi, N Molinaro, F Cassani, L Muratori, M Lenzi, F B Bianchi, A J Czaja

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Hepatitis:

Autoimmune : CK(41) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a higher prevalance of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity in patients

with Grave's hyperthyroidism. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):303-6. PMID: 15730411

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2005

80

Authors : Chin Lye Ch'ng, Moushmi Biswas, Ann Benton, M Keston Jones, Jeremy G C Kingham

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a link between gluten sensitivity and GAD antibody-associated

diseases, e.g. Stiff-Person Syndrome (SPS). - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2011 Mar;123(3):175-180. PMID: 20456245

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D Aeschlimann, R A Grünewald, D S Sanders, B Sharrack, N Woodroofe

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Neurological Illness: GAD antibody-associated :

CK(10) : AC(1), Stiff-Person Syndrome : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

There is a weak but positive correlation with the presence of coronary heart

disease and the presence of anti-gliadin antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2007 Jul;23(133):9-14. PMID: 18051823

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Elwira Stasiakowska-Badura, Marek Kochmański

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atherosclerosis : CK(512) : AC(77), Coronary Artery Disease : CK(1253) : AC(136), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease presenting as severe osteopenia has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Hawaii Med J. 2011 Nov ;70(11):242-4. PMID: 22162604

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2011

Authors : Christopher J Mulder, Anthony P Cardile, Judith Dickert

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Osteopenia :

CK(207) : AC(41), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity has been mistaken for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Nov ;63(11):1501-3. PMID: 15479903

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2004

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, M Akil

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Systemic Lupus

Erythematosus : CK(387) : AC(54), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity presenting as neuromyelitis optica has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Jul ;76(7):1028-30. PMID: 15965221 81

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2005

Authors : S Jacob, M Zarei, A Kenton, H Allroggen

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Neuromyelitis Optica : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Bifidobacterium longum administered to rats fed gliadins seemed to

ameliorate the inflammation caused by gliadin feeding alone - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Proteomics. 2012 Sep 27. Epub 2012 Sep 27. PMID: 23023000

Article Published Date : Sep 26, 2012

Authors : Marta Olivares, Moisés Laparra, Yolanda Sanz

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Bifidobacterium Longum : CK(66) : AC(8)

Diseases : Bifidobacterium Longum : CK(66) : AC(8), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

CLA reduces gliadin-induced intestinal toxicity in an animal model. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Sep ;55 Suppl 2:S248-56. Epub 2011 Aug 31. PMID: 21954188

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2011

Authors : Paolo Bergamo, Marta Gogliettino, Gianna Palmieri, Ennio Cocca, Francesco Maurano, Rosita

Stefanile, Marco Balestrieri, Giuseppe Mazzarella, Chella David, Mauro Rossi

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid) : CK(71) : AC(27)

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Gluten and its lectin-like fraction gliadin contribute to experimental IgA

glumerulopathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Invest. 1989 Apr;60(4):499-506. PMID: 2709812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1989

Authors : R Coppo, G Mazzucco, G Martina, D Roccatello, A Amore, R Novara, A Bargoni, G Piccoli, L M

Sena

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glomerulonephritis : CK(41) : AC(9), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Primates exhibit gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2008;3(2):e1614. Epub 2008 Feb 20. PMID: 18286171

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2008

Authors : Michael T Bethune, Juan T Borda, Erin Ribka, Michael-Xun Liu, Kathrine Phillippi-Falkenstein,

Ronald J Jandacek, Gaby G M Doxiadis, Gary M Gray, Chaitan Khosla, Karol Sestak

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Because anti-gliadin antibodies bind to neuronal synapsin I it is possible that

molecular mimicry and antibody cross-reactivity are responsbile for

neurological symptoms associated with gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary82

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2007 May 15 ;178(10):6590-5. PMID: 17475890

Article Published Date : May 15, 2007

Authors : Armin Alaedini, Haruka Okamoto, Chiara Briani, Kurt Wollenberg, Holly A Shill, Khalafalla O

Bushara, Howard W Sander, Peter H R Green, Mark Hallett, Norman Latov

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Gliadin has a direct cytotoxic effect on the cytoskeleton and tight junctions of

epithelial cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec 28 ;11(48):7597-601. PMID: 16437684

Article Published Date : Dec 28, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Leda Roncoroni, Luca Elli, Chiara Fumagalli, Roberto Colombo, Simona

Ramponi, Fabio Forlani, Maria Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246),

Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

There are neurologic and psychiatric manifestations to gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21877216

Article Published Date : Aug 30, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Jackson, William W Eaton, Nicola G Cascella, Alessio Fasano, Deanna L Kelly

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) :

AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Gluten Intolerance

Recurrent miscarriages may occur due to undiagnosed celiac disease, and may

resolve after a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Nov;53(11):2925-8. Epub 2008 Mar 27. PMID: 18368491

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2008

Authors : Antonio Tursi, Gianmarco Giorgetti, Giovanni Brandimarte, Walter Elisei

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

A Gluten-free diet in psoriasis patients with antibodies to gliadin results in

significant clinical improvements. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(6):425-9. PMID: 14690336

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

83

Authors : Gerd Michaëlsson, Stina Ahs, Ingrid Hammarström, Inger Pihl Lundin, Eva Hagforsen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A subgroup of Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients have latent/potential celiac

disease and respond to a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2001 Dec;121(6):1329-38. PMID: 11729112

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2001

Authors : U Wahnschaffe, R Ullrich, E O Riecken, J D Schulzke

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Irritable Bowel

Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Elevated IgA antibodies to gluten and gliadin proteins and to casein in milk

have been found in patients with Rett syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Autism. 2006 Mar;10(2):189-97. PMID: 16613867

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : K L Reichelt, O Skjeldal

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Rett Syndrome :

CK(20) : AC(2), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Gluten causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 11. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21224837

Article Published Date : Jan 11, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Biesiekierski, Evan D Newnham, Peter M Irving, Jacqueline S Barrett, Melissa

Haines, James D Doecke, Susan J Shepherd, Jane G Muir, Peter R Gibson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity is prevalent in patients with IgA nephropathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Aug;24(8):2476-81. Epub 2009 Mar 30. PMID: 19332868

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2009

Authors : Hilde Kloster Smerud, Bengt Fellström, Roger Hällgren, Sonia Osagie, Per Venge, Gudjón

Kristjánsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

84

Gluten sensivity may not be detectable with conventional light microscopy. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Liver Dis. 2003 Nov;35(11):768-73. PMID: 14674666

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2003

Authors : A Sbarbati, E Valletta, M Bertini, M Cipolli, M Morroni, L Pinelli, L Tatò

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage : CK(33) : AC(4), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Highly significant increases compared with controls were found in patients with

multiple sclerosis for IgA and IgG antibodies against gliadin and gluten and IgA

antibodies against casein. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2004 Oct;110(4):239-41. PMID: 15355487

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2004

Authors : K-L Reichelt, D Jensen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Multiple Sclerosis

: CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Palmoplantar pustulosis is a condition highly correlated to gluten sensitivity. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Dermatol. 2007 Apr;156(4):659-66. Epub 2007 Jan 30. PMID: 17263812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2007

Authors : G Michaëlsson, G Kristjánsson, I Pihl Lundin, E Hagforsen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Palmoplantar Pustulosis : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Persons with schizophrenia have higher than expected titers of antibodies

related to celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Bull. 2011 Jan;37(1):94-100. Epub 2009 Jun 3. PMID: 19494248

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Nicola G Cascella, Debra Kryszak, Bushra Bhatti, Patricia Gregory, Deanna L Kelly, Joseph P

Mc Evoy, Alessio Fasano, William W Eaton

Study T ype : Human Study

85

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Preparations of gliadin, extracted from wheat gluten, were shown to stimulate

a proliferative response by lymphocytes of normal donors. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1980;62(2):162-7. PMID: 7372365

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1980

Authors : A J Frew, S Bright, P R Shewry, A Munro

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Proliferative : CK(13) : AC(3)

Schizophrenia prevalence is correlated with gluten grain consumption. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 1984 Mar;19(3):385-99. PMID: 6609726

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1984

Authors : F C Dohan, E H Harper, M H Clark, R B Rodrigue, V Zigas

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

There is a weak but positive correlation with the presence of coronary heart

disease and the presence of anti-gliadin antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2007 Jul;23(133):9-14. PMID: 18051823

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Elwira Stasiakowska-Badura, Marek Kochmański

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atherosclerosis : CK(512) : AC(77), Coronary Artery Disease : CK(1253) : AC(136), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is an association between psoraisis and asymptomatic celiac

disease/gluten intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008 Sep;22(9):1055-61. Epub 2008 Apr 1. PMID:

18384553

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : A Damasiewicz-Bodzek, T Wielkoszyński

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis :

CK(270) : AC(42)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is an increased frequency of gliadin antibodies in patients with Down

syndrome, indicating the possibilty of an increased incidence of celiac disease

in this population. - GMI Summary

86

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 1990 Sep;149(12):833-4. PMID: 2146127

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1990

Authors : W Storm

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Gluten encephalopathy with psychiatric onset has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2009;5:16. Epub 2009 Jun 26. PMID: 19558661

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Nicola Poloni, Simone Vender, Emilio Bolla, Paola Bortolaso, Chiara Costantini, Camilla

Callegari

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Encephalopathies : CK(11) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Polyneuropathies :

CK(38) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

CLA reduces gliadin-induced intestinal toxicity in an animal model. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Sep ;55 Suppl 2:S248-56. Epub 2011 Aug 31. PMID: 21954188

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2011

Authors : Paolo Bergamo, Marta Gogliettino, Gianna Palmieri, Ennio Cocca, Francesco Maurano, Rosita

Stefanile, Marco Balestrieri, Giuseppe Mazzarella, Chella David, Mauro Rossi

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid) : CK(71) : AC(27)

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Gluten and its lectin-like fraction gliadin contribute to experimental IgA

glumerulopathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Invest. 1989 Apr;60(4):499-506. PMID: 2709812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1989

Authors : R Coppo, G Mazzucco, G Martina, D Roccatello, A Amore, R Novara, A Bargoni, G Piccoli, L M

Sena

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glomerulonephritis : CK(41) : AC(9), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

87

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Because anti-gliadin antibodies bind to neuronal synapsin I it is possible that

molecular mimicry and antibody cross-reactivity are responsbile for

neurological symptoms associated with gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2007 May 15 ;178(10):6590-5. PMID: 17475890

Article Published Date : May 15, 2007

Authors : Armin Alaedini, Haruka Okamoto, Chiara Briani, Kurt Wollenberg, Holly A Shill, Khalafalla O

Bushara, Howard W Sander, Peter H R Green, Mark Hallett, Norman Latov

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Bread wheat gliadin exhibits direct and signficant cytotoxicity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2003 ;63(2):135-41. PMID: 12751695

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : E Dolfini, L Elli, S Ferrero, P Braidotti, L Roncoroni, T Dasdia, M L Falini, F Forlani, M T

Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Gluten intolerance gives rise to a variety of dermatological manifestations

which may benefit from a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Dermatol. 2006 Jan-Feb;16(1):4-11. PMID: 16436335

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Philippe Humbert, Fabien Pelletier, Brigitte Dreno, Eve Puzenat, François Aubin

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergies : CK(502) : AC(92), Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

The habitual consumption of wheat gluten may be a contributing factor in the

pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 2007;68(3):607-19. Epub 2006 Oct 11. PMID: 17045415

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2007

Authors : William E Barbeau, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Raquel Hontecillas

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Zonulin : CK(15) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

There are neurologic and psychiatric manifestations to gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21877216

88

Article Published Date : Aug 30, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Jackson, William W Eaton, Nicola G Cascella, Alessio Fasano, Deanna L Kelly

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) :

AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat gliadin exhibits non-specific cytotoxicity to a variety of human cells. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1976 Feb 14;1(7955):339-41. PMID: 54743

Article Published Date : Feb 14, 1976

Authors : D A Hudson, H J Cornell, D R Purdham, C J Rolles

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Topic: Autoimmune Diseases

Celiac disease has a high prevalance rate in autoimmune cholestatic liver

disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Oct;97(10):2609-13. PMID: 12385447

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Umberto Volta, Luis Rodrigo, Alessandro Granito, Nunzio Petrolini, Paolo Muratori, Luigi

Muratori, Antonio Linares, Lorenza Veronesi, Dolores Fuentes, Daniela Zauli, Francesco B Bianchi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cholestasis

: CK(274) : AC(30), Cholestasis: Autoimmune : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Celiac disease is far higher in those diagnosed with Grave's disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Endocrine. 2006 Oct;30(2):175-83. PMID: 17322576

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2006

Authors : Cihangir Erem, Orhan Deger, Ercüment Ovali, Yasam Barlak

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves

Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Celiac disease is found in a far higher percentage of patients with end-stage

autoimmune liver disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Liver Int. 2008 Apr;28(4):467-76. PMID: 18339073

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2008

Authors : Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Ahmad S Abdulkarim, Russell H Wiesner, S Breanndan Moore, Patricia K

89

Krause, Joseph A Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), End-Stage

Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD) : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30), Organ

Transplantation: Liver : CK(202) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Children with autism show elevations against gliadin (wheat protein) and

cerebellar proteins simultaneously. These proteins simulate antibodies that

may cross-react, resulting in neurological damage. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Jun;7(3):151-61. PMID: 15526989

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2004

Authors : A Vojdani, T O'Bryan, J A Green, J Mccandless, K N Woeller, E Vojdani, A A Nourian, E L

Cooper

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism : CK(1340) : AC(65), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Autoimmune

Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Molecular Mimicry : CK(47) : AC(10)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Intolerance to wheat (CD autoantibodies) is higher than background rates in

those with Turner syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 May;156(2):205-10. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19298606

Article Published Date : May 01, 2009

Authors : K H Mortensen, L Cleemann, B E Hjerrild, E Nexo, H Locht, E M Jeppesen, C H Gravholt

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes

Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78), Turner Syndrome : CK(10) :

AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There is a high frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease among celiac disease

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):63-6. PMID: 12827007

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2003

Authors : Nicoletta Ansaldi, Tiziana Palmas, Andrea Corrias, Maria Barbato, Mario Rocco D'Altiglia,

Angelo Campanozzi, Mariella Baldassarre, Francesco Rea, Rosanna Pluvio, Margherita Bonamico,

Rosanna Lazzari, Giovanni Corrao

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac

Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There is a higher prevalance of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity in patients

with Grave's hyperthyroidism. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):303-6. PMID: 15730411

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2005

Authors : Chin Lye Ch'ng, Moushmi Biswas, Ann Benton, M Keston Jones, Jeremy G C Kingham 90

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Thyroid autoimmunity is associated with celiac disease in children. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr. 2010 Feb;156(2):292-5. Epub 2009 Oct 20. PMID: 19846116

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2010

Authors : Alessandra Cassio, Giampaolo Ricci, Federico Baronio, Angela Miniaci, Milva Bal, Barbara

Bigucci, Veronica Conti, Alessandro Cicognani

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Dietary gluten influences the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2012 ;7(3):e33315. Epub 2012 Mar 13. PMID: 22428018

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Julie Christine Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Celiac disease: strong association to HLA and 39 nonHLA risk genes, mostly

immune-related - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Trends Mol Med. 2010 Nov ;16(11):537-50. Epub 2010 Oct 12. PMID: 20947431

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2010

Authors : Gosia Trynka, Cisca Wijmenga, David A van Heel

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 :

CK(24) : AC(5), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Gluten intolerance gives rise to a variety of dermatological manifestations

which may benefit from a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Dermatol. 2006 Jan-Feb;16(1):4-11. PMID: 16436335

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Philippe Humbert, Fabien Pelletier, Brigitte Dreno, Eve Puzenat, François Aubin

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergies : CK(502) : AC(92), Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) induces antibody anti-WGA formation, which may

result in some cross-reactivity to other proteins. - GMI Summary 91

Pubmed Data : FEBS Lett. 1996 Nov 18;397(2-3):139-42. PMID: 8955334

Article Published Date : Nov 18, 1996

Authors : B Tchernychev, M Wilchek

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Schizophrenia

Gluten restriction shows promise in the treatment of schizophrenia. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006 Feb;113(2):82-90. PMID: 16423158

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2006

Authors : A E Kalaydjian, W Eaton, N Cascella, A Fasano

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Individuals with schizophrenia have a novel immune response to gluten. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Res. 2010 May;118(1-3):248-55. Epub 2009 Sep 11. PMID: 19748229

Article Published Date : May 01, 2010

Authors : Diana Samaroo, Faith Dickerson, Donald D Kasarda, Peter H R Green, Chiara Briani, Robert H

Yolken, Armin Alaedini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Markers of gluten sensitivity and celiac disease are increased in recent-onset

psychosis and multi-episode schizophrenia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Jul 1;68(1):100-4. Epub 2010 May 14. PMID: 20471632

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2010

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Flora

Leister, Shuojia Yang, Bogdana Krivogorsky, Armin Alaedini, Robert Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychoses :

CK(12) : AC(3), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Persons with schizophrenia have higher than expected titers of antibodies

related to celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Bull. 2011 Jan;37(1):94-100. Epub 2009 Jun 3. PMID: 19494248

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Nicola G Cascella, Debra Kryszak, Bushra Bhatti, Patricia Gregory, Deanna L Kelly, Joseph P

Mc Evoy, Alessio Fasano, William W Eaton

Study T ype : Human Study

92

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Schizophrenia prevalence is correlated with gluten grain consumption. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 1984 Mar;19(3):385-99. PMID: 6609726

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1984

Authors : F C Dohan, E H Harper, M H Clark, R B Rodrigue, V Zigas

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Wheat gluten may be a pathogenic factor in schizophrenia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Science. 1976 Jan 30;191(4225):401-2. PMID: 1246624

Article Published Date : Jan 30, 1976

Authors : M M Singh, S R Kay

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

There may be a schizophrenia-specific, genetically enhanced affinity for

exorphins by opioid receptors influencing dopaminergic and other neurons. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Bull. 1988 ;14(4):489-94. PMID: 2851166

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1988

Authors : F C Dohan

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Food Opioids : CK(20) : AC(14)

Problem Substances : Casomorphins : CK(26) : AC(6), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Topic: Food Allergies: Wheat

A novel wheat gliadin is the cause of exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 1):912-7. PMID: 10329828

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, M Koivuluhta, J Mikkola, H Keskinen, N Kalkkinen, T

Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis : CK(54) : AC(15), Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165 93

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyasin,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Gluten causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan 11. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21224837

Article Published Date : Jan 11, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Biesiekierski, Evan D Newnham, Peter M Irving, Jacqueline S Barrett, Melissa

Haines, James D Doecke, Susan J Shepherd, Jane G Muir, Peter R Gibson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity has been defined as an abnormal non-allergic sensibility to

gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Med Chir. 2010 Sep-Oct;32(5):211-5. PMID: 21174642

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2010

Authors : G M Tronconi, B Parma, G Barera

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Rye and barley may elicit symptoms in patients with wheat-dependent,

exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Allergy. 2001 Mar;31(3):466-73. PMID: 11260160

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2001

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, N Kalkkinen, T Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food

Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Additional Keywords : Cross-Reactivity In Grain Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Grains : CK(27) : AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3)

Wheat intolerance is a common causative factor in atopic dermatitis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Allergy. 2000 Apr;55(4):386-91. PMID: 10782525

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2000

Authors : E Varjonen, E Vainio, K Kalimo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat

94

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5)

Differences in the IgE reactivity of sera towards the two genotypes were

quantified by ELISA testing. 39 IgE-binding proteins, some of them unknown

until now as wheat allergens were identified. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Proteomics. 2011 Aug 12 ;74(8):1279-89. Epub 2011 Apr 5. PMID: 21473946

Article Published Date : Aug 11, 2011

Authors : C Larré, R Lupi, G Gombaud, C Brossard, G Branlard, D A Moneret-Vautrin, H Rogniaux, S

Denery-Papini

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A case study of a 54-year-old Korean woman with a five-year history of wheat

flour allergy resulting in a diagnosis of wheat-dependent exercise-induced

anaphylaxis. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Ann Dermatol. 2009 Nov ;21(4):447-9. Epub 2009 Nov 30. PMID: 20523846

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2009

Authors : Hee Bong Lee, In Su Ahn, Ji Hoon Choi, Chun Wook Park, Cheol Heon Lee

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There are neurologic and psychiatric manifestations to gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21877216

Article Published Date : Aug 30, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Jackson, William W Eaton, Nicola G Cascella, Alessio Fasano, Deanna L Kelly

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) :

AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat gliadin may promote its pro-allergenic effects by upregulation of

interleukin-4 induced IgE production. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cytokine. 2003 Mar 21;21(6):270-80. PMID: 12824000

Article Published Date : Mar 21, 2003

Authors : Bernard Dugas, Nathalie Dugas, Marc Conti, Alphonse Calenda, Paco Pino, Yolène Thomas,

Dominique Mazier, Ioannis Vouldoukis

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5), Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37),

Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation : CK(1) : AC(1)

Topic: Food Allergies

95

165 children with atopic dermatitis were studied, a higher number of sensitized

food allergens was associated with negative effects on their growth and

nutritional status. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2011 Jan ;3(1):53-7. Epub 2010 Nov 23. PMID: 21217926

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : Ha-Na Cho, Soyoung Hong, Soo-Hyung Lee, Hye-Yung Yum

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Peanut : CK(104) : AC(19)

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Children: Impaired Growth : CK(30) : AC(3), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Peanut : CK(31) : AC(5), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

54 children suffering from chronic constipation unresponsive to therapy, were

prospectively evaluated; in this group food allergy seemed to be a significant

etiologic factor. APT was found to be useful in evaluating non-IgE allergymediated

constipation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 2011 Sep ;170(9):1173-8. Epub 2011 Feb 25. PMID: 21347849

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2011

Authors : Ekaterini I Syrigou, Constantinos Pitsios, Ioanna Panagiotou, Georgios Chouliaras, Sofia

Kitsiou, Mary Kanariou, Eleftheria Roma-Giannikou

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Chronic Constipation, Children : CK(10) : AC(1), Constipation : CK(326) : AC(37), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Atopy Patch Test : CK(10) : AC(1), Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A high prevalence of gluten sensitivity is found in sporadic and hereditary

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2001 Apr;49(4):540-3. PMID: 11310636

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2001

Authors : K O Bushara, S U Goebel, H Shill, L G Goldfarb, M Hallett

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

A novel wheat gliadin is the cause of exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 1):912-7. PMID: 10329828

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, M Koivuluhta, J Mikkola, H Keskinen, N Kalkkinen, T

Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis : CK(54) : AC(15), Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

A study of 53 pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis found most were

highly atopic with frequent allergic sensitivities; the overall prevalence of food 96

& inhalant sensitization was 80%, with higher total IgE levels in sensitized vs

nonsensitized - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010 Jun ;104(6):496-502. PMID: 20568382

Article Published Date : May 31, 2010

Authors : Elizabeth A Erwin, Hayley R James, Heather M Gutekunst, John M Russo, Kelly J Kelleher,

Thomas A E Platts-Mills

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated

Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Soy : CK(56) : AC(8), Wheat :

CK(2371) : AC(280)

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyasin,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Rye and barley may elicit symptoms in patients with wheat-dependent,

exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Allergy. 2001 Mar;31(3):466-73. PMID: 11260160

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2001

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, N Kalkkinen, T Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food

Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Additional Keywords : Cross-Reactivity In Grain Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Grains : CK(27) : AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3)

Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin Emediated

food allergy. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011 ;21(1):73-5. PMID: 21370728

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : S Sánchez-García, M D Ibáñez, M J Martinez-Gómez, C Escudero, A Vereda, M Fernández-

Rodríguez, P Rodríguez del Río

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated : CK(3) : AC(1), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

97

Gliadin and alcohol may contribute to igA nephropathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Minerva Urol Nefrol. 1991 Jul-Sep;43(3):171-4. PMID: 1817341

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1991

Authors : R Coppo, A Amore, D Roccatello, B Gianoglio, L Peruzzi, D Alessi, A Reyna, A Mesiti, G

Piccoli, L M Sena

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53)

Problem Substances : Ethanol : CK(20) : AC(6), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Psoriasis

A Gluten-free diet in psoriasis patients with antibodies to gliadin results in

significant clinical improvements. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(6):425-9. PMID: 14690336

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Gerd Michaëlsson, Stina Ahs, Ingrid Hammarström, Inger Pihl Lundin, Eva Hagforsen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Patients with psoriasis show elevated sensitivity to gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Lab Anal. 2010;24(4):269-72. PMID: 20626025

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2010

Authors : Sangeeta Singh, Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar, Usha, Sanjay Singh

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psoriasis :

CK(270) : AC(42)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

There is an association between psoraisis and asymptomatic celiac

disease/gluten intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008 Sep;22(9):1055-61. Epub 2008 Apr 1. PMID:

18384553

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : A Damasiewicz-Bodzek, T Wielkoszyński

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis :

CK(270) : AC(42)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Wheat protein antigens likely play a role in a subtype of psoriasis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Dermatol. 2011 Sep 12. Epub 2011 Sep 12. PMID: 21910707

Article Published Date : Sep 12, 2011

Authors : J Skavland, P R Shewry, J Marsh, B Geisner, J A Marcusson 98

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten intolerance gives rise to a variety of dermatological manifestations

which may benefit from a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Dermatol. 2006 Jan-Feb;16(1):4-11. PMID: 16436335

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Philippe Humbert, Fabien Pelletier, Brigitte Dreno, Eve Puzenat, François Aubin

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergies : CK(502) : AC(92), Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Down Syndrome

Celiac disease is a common condition in Down syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995 Nov;21(4):443-5. PMID: 8583297

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 1995

Authors : U Jansson, C Johansson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

The prevalence of celiac disease in Down syndrome in the southeastern United

States was 1 in 14 cases. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000 Sep;31(3):275-9. PMID: 10997372

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2000

Authors : D A Zachor, E Mroczek-Musulman, P Brown

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a higher prevalence of celiac disease in patients with Down syndrome

than background populations. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr. 1999 Sep;88(9):953-6. PMID: 10519335

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1999

Authors : S M Pueschel, C Romano, P Failla, C Barone, R Pettinato, A Castellano Chiodo, D L Plumari

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is a prevalence of IgA-antigliadin antibodies and IgA-antiendomysium

antibodies related to celiac disease in children with Down syndrome. - GMI

Summary

99

Pubmed Data : Pediatrics. 1998 Feb;101(2):272-5. PMID: 9445503

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1998

Authors : A Carlsson, I Axelsson, S Borulf, A Bredberg, M Forslund, B Lindberg, K Sjöberg, S A Ivarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is an increased frequency of gliadin antibodies in patients with Down

syndrome, indicating the possibilty of an increased incidence of celiac disease

in this population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 1990 Sep;149(12):833-4. PMID: 2146127

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1990

Authors : W Storm

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1

Adults with Type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalance of celiac disease

associated antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes Nutr Metab. 2001 Feb;14(1):37-42. PMID: 11345164

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2001

Authors : E Matteucci, V Cinapri, S Quilici, A Lucchetti, P Mugnaini, O Giampietro

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease prevalance was found to be 3.5% in children with type 1

diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Mar;9 Suppl 1:101-11. PMID: 8887160

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1996

Authors : R Lorini, A Scaramuzza, L Vitali, G d'Annunzio, M A Avanzini, C De Giacomo, F Severi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Intolerance to wheat (CD autoantibodies) is higher than background rates in

those with Turner syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 May;156(2):205-10. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19298606

Article Published Date : May 01, 2009

Authors : K H Mortensen, L Cleemann, B E Hjerrild, E Nexo, H Locht, E M Jeppesen, C H Gravholt

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

100

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes

Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78), Turner Syndrome : CK(10) :

AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Prevalence of celiac among diabetic patients in comparison to normal

population was 8.3% vs. 0.6%. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Res Med Sci. 2011 Mar ;16 Suppl 1:S401-6. PMID: 22247725

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : Homayoon Bashiri, Aliasghar Keshavarz, Hamid Madani, Ahmadreza Hooshmandi, Shahrzad

Bazargan-Hejazi, Alireza Ahmadi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Prevalence : CK(121) : AC(13)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

The prevalence rate of celiac disease in Libyan children with type 1 diabetes

was 10.3%. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2003 Jan-Feb;19(1):69-75. PMID: 12592646

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Abdelhakim Ashabani, Umaima Abushofa, Suliman Abusrewill, Mahmoud Abdelazez, Ludmila

Tucková, Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Dietary gluten alters the balance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory

cytokines in T cells of BALB/c mice, indicating that gluten may contribute to

increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Immunology. 2012 Aug 22. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID: 22913724

Article Published Date : Aug 21, 2012

Authors : Julie C Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention :

CK(163) : AC(24), Inflammation : CK(1014) : AC(348)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Dietary gluten influences the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2012 ;7(3):e33315. Epub 2012 Mar 13. PMID: 22428018

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Julie Christine Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Dietary gluten reduces the number of intestinal regulatory T cells in mice which

101

may result in loss of self-tolerance and therefore increased risk of type 1

diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Immunol. 2008 Jun ;67(6):553-9. PMID: 18476878

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2008

Authors : M Ejsing-Duun, J Josephsen, B Aasted, K Buschard, A K Hansen

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Pharmacological Actions : Interleukin-10 downregulation : CK(73) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Gliadin triggered insulinitis in type 1 diabetes associated with celiac disease -

GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2011 Oct 15 ;187(8):4338-46. Epub 2011 Sep 12. PMID: 21911598

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2011

Authors : Heather J Galipeau, Nestor E Rulli, Jennifer Jury, Xianxi Huang, Romina Araya, Joseph A

Murray, Chella S David, Fernando G Chirdo, Kathy D McCoy, Elena F Verdu

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Enteropathy : CK(28) : AC(4), Insulinitis : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

The habitual consumption of wheat gluten may be a contributing factor in the

pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 2007;68(3):607-19. Epub 2006 Oct 11. PMID: 17045415

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2007

Authors : William E Barbeau, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Raquel Hontecillas

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Zonulin : CK(15) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

"Frequency of celiac disease and irritable bowel syndrome coexistance and its

influence on the disease course" - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Przegl Lek. 2009 ;66(3):126-9. PMID: 19689036

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Małgorzata Zwolińska-Wcisło, Danuta Galicka-Latała, Piotr Rozpondek, Lucyna Rudnicka-

Sosin, Tomasz Mach

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Irritable Bowel Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A subgroup of Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients have latent/potential celiac

disease and respond to a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2001 Dec;121(6):1329-38. PMID: 11729112 102

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2001

Authors : U Wahnschaffe, R Ullrich, E O Riecken, J D Schulzke

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Irritable Bowel

Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome is associated with celiacdisease

associated serum IgG in many patients tested. A gluten-free diet results

in significant improvements. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jul;5(7):844-50; quiz 769. Epub 2007 Jun 5. PMID:

17553753

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Ulrich Wahnschaffe, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Martin Zeitz, Reiner Ullrich

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diarrhea: IBS associated : CK(10) : AC(1), Irritable Bowel

Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorders

There is evidence supporting the beneficial effect of a gluten- and casein-free

diet for autistic spectrum disorder. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004(2):CD003498. PMID: 15106205

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2004

Authors : C Millward, M Ferriter, S Calver, G Connell-Jones

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Cow's Milk/Casein Free : CK(43) : AC(2), Dietary

Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

A Gluten and casein-free diet may have a therapeutic effect in autism spectrum

and attention deficit disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Apr;13(2):87-100. PMID: 20406576

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2010

Authors : Paul Whiteley, Demetrious Haracopos, Ann-Mari Knivsberg, Karl Ludvig Reichelt, Sarah

Parlar, Judith Jacobsen, Anders Seim, Lennart Pedersen, Maja Schondel, Paul Shattock

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder : CK(134) : AC(12), Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity :

CK(230) : AC(32), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108)

Additional Keywords : Gluten and ADHD : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

A gluten-free, casein-free diet has therapeutic value in some children diagnosed

with autism spectrum disorder. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2012 Mar ;15(2):85-91. PMID: 22564339

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

103

Authors : Christine M Pennesi, Laura Cousino Klein

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Cow's Milk/Casein Free : CK(43) : AC(2), Dietary

Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Children with autism show elevations against gliadin (wheat protein) and

cerebellar proteins simultaneously. These proteins simulate antibodies that

may cross-react, resulting in neurological damage. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Jun;7(3):151-61. PMID: 15526989

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2004

Authors : A Vojdani, T O'Bryan, J A Green, J Mccandless, K N Woeller, E Vojdani, A A Nourian, E L

Cooper

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism : CK(1340) : AC(65), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Autoimmune

Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Molecular Mimicry : CK(47) : AC(10)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations

Clinically pertinent coeliac disease exists despite normal small-bowel mucosal

villous architecture. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005 May;40(5):564-72. PMID: 16036509

Article Published Date : May 01, 2005

Authors : Katri Kaukinen, Markku Peräaho, Pekka Collin, Jukka Partanen, Nina Woolley, Tanja

Kaartinen, Tuula Nuutinen, Tuula Halttunen, Markku Mäki, Ilma Korponay-Szabo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Due to the fact that monozygotic twins share the same genotype but do not

always both get celiac disease, other environmental and genetic factors might

contribute to determining the disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arq Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;47(1):56-60. PMID: 20520976

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2010

Authors : Magda Bahia, Francisco José Penna, Dora Mendez Del Castillo, Marina Guimarães Corrê

Hassegawa, Aline Cristina Vieira, Vanessa Ribeiro Orlando

Study T ype : Human Study 104

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) :

AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Positive serum antigliadin antibodies without celiac disease have been

associated with rhematoid arthritis and depression in the elderly. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct;45(10):1197-202. PMID: 20545470

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010

Authors : Anitta Ruuskanen, Katri Kaukinen, Pekka Collin, Heini Huhtala, Raisa Valve, Markku Mäki,

Liisa Luostarinen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) :

AC(8), Depression: Unipolar : CK(662) : AC(84), Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Additional Keywords : Antigliadin Antibodies (AGA) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Superiority of anti-deamidated gliadin antibodies for differential diagnosis of

celiac disease - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2010 Mar-Apr;68(2):149-56. PMID: 20348047

Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2010

Authors : Laurence Lutteri, Clémence Sagot, Jean-Paul Chapelle

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Gluten epitope recognition in DQ2.3 molecule of a DQ8/DQ2.5 heterozygous

celiac disease patient - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Biol Chem. 2012 Feb 23. Epub 2012 Feb 23. PMID: 22362761

Article Published Date : Feb 22, 2012

Authors : Stig Tollefsen, Kinya Hotta, Xi Chen, Bjørg Simonsen, Kunchithapadam Swaminathan, Irimpan

I Mathews, Ludvig M Sollid, Chu-Young Kim

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8), Celiac Disease:

Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8),

Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) : AC(8), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations :

CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention

A glutenfree diet showed short-term benefits by reducing GI symptoms and

severe hypoglycaemia in T1D and CD - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Diabetes. 2011 Jun ;12(4 Pt 1):322-5. Epub 2011 Mar 29. PMID: 21615651

Article Published Date : May 31, 2011

Authors : Noina Abid, Oonagh McGlone, Chris Cardwell, William McCallion, Dennis Carson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

105

Additional Keywords : Autoantibodies : CK(30) : AC(3), Body Mass Index (BMI) : CK(10) : AC(1),

Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) : CK(10) : AC(1), Hypoglycemia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Insulin : CK(69) : AC(11)

Adults with Type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalance of celiac disease

associated antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes Nutr Metab. 2001 Feb;14(1):37-42. PMID: 11345164

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2001

Authors : E Matteucci, V Cinapri, S Quilici, A Lucchetti, P Mugnaini, O Giampietro

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease prevalance was found to be 3.5% in children with type 1

diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Mar;9 Suppl 1:101-11. PMID: 8887160

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1996

Authors : R Lorini, A Scaramuzza, L Vitali, G d'Annunzio, M A Avanzini, C De Giacomo, F Severi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

The prevalence rate of celiac disease in Libyan children with type 1 diabetes

was 10.3%. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2003 Jan-Feb;19(1):69-75. PMID: 12592646

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Abdelhakim Ashabani, Umaima Abushofa, Suliman Abusrewill, Mahmoud Abdelazez, Ludmila

Tucková, Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

A casein- and wheat-free diet was associated with the lowest rate of

autoimmune diabetes (type 1) development in mice. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(3):208-17. Epub 2009 May 27. PMID: 19478481

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Daniela B Mueller, Kerstin Koczwara, Andreas S Mueller, Josef Pallauf, Anette-G Ziegler, Ezio

Bonifacio

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14)

Delayed exposure to wheat and barley proteins reduces diabetes incidence in

non-obese diabetic mice. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Immunol. 2004 Apr;111(1):108-18. PMID: 15093559

106

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2004

Authors : Sandra Schmid, Kerstin Koczwara, Susanne Schwinghammer, Vito Lampasona, Anette-G

Ziegler, Ezio Bonifacio

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Grains : CK(27) : AC(8), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14)

Dietary gluten alters the balance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory

cytokines in T cells of BALB/c mice, indicating that gluten may contribute to

increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Immunology. 2012 Aug 22. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID: 22913724

Article Published Date : Aug 21, 2012

Authors : Julie C Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention :

CK(163) : AC(24), Inflammation : CK(1014) : AC(348)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Topic: Sjogren's Syndrome

An adverse immune reaction to wheat proteins is more commonly apparent

(anti-tTG) in Sjögren's syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Rheumatol. 2003 Dec ;30(12):2613-9. PMID: 14719202

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2003

Authors : Leeanne M Luft, Susan G Barr, Liam O Martin, Edward K L Chan, Marvin J Fritzler

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Celiac disease prevalance is significantly higher in those diagnosed with

Sjogren's syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Rheumatol Int. 2004 Sep;24(5):278-82. Epub 2003 Sep 17. PMID: 13680146

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2004

Authors : Peter Szodoray, Zsolt Barta, Gabriella Lakos, Szabolcs Szakáll, Margit Zeher

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is a close association between Sjögren's syndrome and celiac disease.

Even among nonceliac patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, an ongoing

inflammation is often present in the small bowel mucosa. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Apr;94(4):1042-6. PMID: 10201480

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1999

Authors : S Iltanen, P Collin, M Korpela, K Holm, J Partanen, A Polvi, M Mäki

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links 107

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Cerebellar Ataxia

Gluten sensitivity is associated with sporadic cerebellar ataxia in Taiwan. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Taiwan. 2010 Dec;19(4):263-9. PMID: 21210327

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2010

Authors : Chin-San Liu, Bing-Wen Soong, Yi-Chung Lee, Woan-Ling Chen, Chen-Ling Kuo, Wen-Ling

Cheng, Ching-Shan Huang, Wei-Ting Lin

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There is a high prevlance of gluten sensitivity in Japanese patients with adultonset

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Intern Med. 2006;45(3):135-40. Epub 2006 Mar 1. PMID: 16508226

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Masafumi Ihara, Fumi Makino, Hideyuki Sawada, Takahiro Mezaki, Kotaro Mizutani, Hiroshi

Nakase, Makoto Matsui, Hidekazu Tomimoto, Shun Shimohama

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

At least 10% of sporadic cerebellar ataxia may be related to immune-mediated

mechanisms which include gliadin intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur Neurol. 2009 ;62(6):356-61. Epub 2009 Sep 26. PMID: 19786780

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Roberto Fancellu, Davide Pareyson, Elena Corsini, Ettore Salsano, Matilde Laurà, Gaetano

Bernardi, Carlo Antozzi, Francesca Andreetta, Maurizio Colecchia, Stefano Di Donato, Caterina Mariotti

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4)

108

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Lymphocytic infiltration of epithelium is a common problem in dermatitis

herpetiformis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br Med J. 1972 Aug 12 ;3(5823):371-4. PMID: 5070159

Article Published Date : Aug 12, 1972

Authors : L Fry, P P Seah, R M McMinn, A V Hoffbrand

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Epithelium Damage: Lymphocytic infiltration :

CK(10) : AC(1), Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Patients with dermatitis herpetiformis have antibodies to gliadin which may

cross-react with dermal reticulin. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Dermatol Res. 1983;275(1):15-8. PMID: 6847240

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1983

Authors : E Vainio, K Kalimo, T Reunala, M Viander, T Palosuo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Patients with dermatitis herpetiformis have serum antibodies to wheat germ

agglutinin and gluten. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Dermatol Res. 1986;278(6):433-6. PMID: 3789802

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1986

Authors : L M Sollid, H Scott, J Kolberg, P Brandtzaeg

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Wheat gluten may exert its adverse effects through activation of complement

(a cascade of proteins in the blood that form part of innate immunity). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 1993 Dec;94(3):539-43. PMID: 8252813

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1993

Authors : D J Unsworth, R Würzner, D L Brown, P J Lachmann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(81) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts : CK(3435) : AC(1172)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Graves Disease

Celiac disease is far higher in those diagnosed with Grave's disease. - GMI

Summary

109

Pubmed Data : Endocrine. 2006 Oct;30(2):175-83. PMID: 17322576

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2006

Authors : Cihangir Erem, Orhan Deger, Ercüment Ovali, Yasam Barlak

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves

Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

There is a higher prevalance of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity in patients

with Grave's hyperthyroidism. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):303-6. PMID: 15730411

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2005

Authors : Chin Lye Ch'ng, Moushmi Biswas, Ann Benton, M Keston Jones, Jeremy G C Kingham

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

There is evidence that intolerance to wheat (measured by CD associated antiendomysial

antibodies) may play a role in Graves' disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Digestion. 1999 Jan-Feb;60(1):86-8. PMID: 9892805

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1999

Authors : A Carroccio, N Custro, G Montalto, L Giannitrapani, M Soresi, A Notarbartolo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: Liver Disease

Celiac disease is found in a far higher percentage of patients with end-stage

autoimmune liver disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Liver Int. 2008 Apr;28(4):467-76. PMID: 18339073

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2008

Authors : Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Ahmad S Abdulkarim, Russell H Wiesner, S Breanndan Moore, Patricia K

Krause, Joseph A Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), End-Stage

Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD) : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30), Organ

Transplantation: Liver : CK(202) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Patients with chronic liver disease have a high prevalence of anti-tTg

antibodies, similar to patients with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2003 Jan;38(1):50-4. PMID: 12608464

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : M Vecchi, C Folli, M F Donato, S Formenti, E Arosio, R de Franchis 110

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cirrhosis: Liver : CK(985) : AC(31), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Endomysium Antibodies : CK(10) : AC(1), Anti-tTG : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Multiple Myeloma

Antibodies contained in"M"component of some patients with multiple myeloma

may be directed to food antigens such as gliadin. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Leuk Res. 2006 Dec ;30(12):1585-6. Epub 2006 Mar 6. PMID: 16516966

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2006

Authors : Zorica Juranić, Jelena Radic, Aleksandra Konic-Ristic, Svetislav Jelic, Irina Besu, Biljana

Mihaljevic

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Multiple myeloma patients exhibit humoral immunoreactivity to gliadin and to

tissue transglutaminase, not unlike those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2008;9:22. Epub 2008 May 28. PMID: 18507842

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2008

Authors : [No authors listed]

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Patients with multiple myeloma have immunoreactivity to gliadin similar to

those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2009;10:32. Epub 2009 May 31. PMID: 19480718

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Aleksandra Konic-Ristic, Dejan Dodig, Radmilo Krstic, Svetislav Jelic, Ivan Stankovic,

Aleksandra Ninkovic, Jelena Radic, Irina Besu, Branka Bonaci-Nikolic, Njegica Jojic, Milica Djordjevic,

Dragan Popovic, Zorica Juranic

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Differences in Immunoreactivity Within Different Wheat Cultivars : CK(11) :

AC(2), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Multiple Sclerosis

Gluten sensitivity is a clinically confirmed problem in multiple sclerosis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:343-9. PMID: 19758171

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Dana Ben-Ami Shor, Ori Barzilai, Maya Ram, David Izhaky, Bat Sheva Porat-Katz, Joab

Chapman, Miri Blank, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Yehuda Shoenfeld

111

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Multiple Sclerosis : CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Highly significant increases compared with controls were found in patients with

multiple sclerosis for IgA and IgG antibodies against gliadin and gluten and IgA

antibodies against casein. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2004 Oct;110(4):239-41. PMID: 15355487

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2004

Authors : K-L Reichelt, D Jensen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Multiple Sclerosis

: CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

The involvement of wheat intolerance in multiple sclerosis may be as high as

12% of patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2004 Jun 22;62(12):2326-7. PMID: 15210909

Article Published Date : Jun 22, 2004

Authors : Connie D S N A Pengiran Tengah, Robert J Lock, D Joseph Unsworth, Adrian J Wills

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Sclerosis : CK(716) : AC(133), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Epilepsy

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications of unexplained origin may likely be caused

by undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1992 Aug 22;340(8817):439-43. PMID: 1354781

Article Published Date : Aug 22, 1992

Authors : G Gobbi, F Bouquet, L Greco, A Lambertini, C A Tassinari, A Ventura, M G Zaniboni

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

112

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Individuals with celiac disease are at moderately increased risk of epilepsy -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2012 Apr 18. Epub 2012 Apr 18. PMID: 22517096

Article Published Date : Apr 17, 2012

Authors : J F Ludvigsson, F Zingone, T Tomson, A Ekbom, C Ciacci

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Additional Keywords : Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications poorly responsive to antiepileptic

treatment have been reported significantly improved with folic acid and a

gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 May;80(5):559-62. PMID: 1908173

Article Published Date : May 01, 1991

Authors : A Ventura, F Bouquet, C Sartorelli, E Barbi, G Torre, G Tommasini

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3), Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency :

CK(13) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Celiac disease should be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of neurological

dysfunction of unknown cause, including ataxia, epilepsy and dementia. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Dec ;62(4):969-72. Epub 2004 Dec 15. PMID: 15608953

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2004

Authors : José Ibiapina Siqueira Neto, Ana Carolina Leite Vieira Costa, Francisco George Magalhães,

Gisele Sampaio Silva

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Dementia : CK(225) : AC(31),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Migraine Disorders

A significant proportion of patients with migraine may have celiac disease, and

that a gluten free diet may lead to a improvement in the migraine in these

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Mar;98(3):625-9. PMID: 12650798

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2003

Authors : Maurizio Gabrielli, Filippo Cremonini, Giuseppe Fiore, Giovanni Addolorato, Cristiano

Padalino, Marcello Candelli, Maria Elena De Leo, Luca Santarelli, Mario Giacovazzo, Antonio Gasbarrini,

Paolo Pola, Antonio Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54), Wheat 113

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Food allergies and migraine. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1979 May 5 ;1(8123):966-9. PMID: 87628

Authors : Grant EC.

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Elimination Diet : CK(33) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Case study: a migraine as initial presentation of celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Rev Neurol (Paris). 2012 Mar 7. Epub 2012 Mar 7. PMID: 22405455

Article Published Date : Mar 07, 2012

Authors : L Benjilali, M Zahlane, L Essaadouni

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Casein Intolerance

Elevated IgA antibodies to gluten and gliadin proteins and to casein in milk

have been found in patients with Rett syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Autism. 2006 Mar;10(2):189-97. PMID: 16613867

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : K L Reichelt, O Skjeldal

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Rett Syndrome :

CK(20) : AC(2), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Highly significant increases compared with controls were found in patients with

multiple sclerosis for IgA and IgG antibodies against gliadin and gluten and IgA

antibodies against casein. - GMI Summary 114

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2004 Oct;110(4):239-41. PMID: 15355487

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2004

Authors : K-L Reichelt, D Jensen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Multiple Sclerosis

: CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Gastroesophageal Reflux

A gluten free diet could be a useful approach in reducing GERD symptoms in

adult celiac patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Sep ;23(9):1368-72. PMID: 18853995

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : Paolo Usai, Roberto Manca, Rosario Cuomo, Maria Antonia Lai, Luigi Russo, Maria Francesca

Boi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gastroesophageal Reflux : CK(278) : AC(41)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

The GFD is associated with a rapid and persistent improvement in reflux

symptoms in classicially untreated celiac disease patients that resembles the

healthy population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Mar ;9(3):214-9. Epub 2010 Jun 30. PMID: 20601132

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : Fabio Nachman, Horacio Vázquez, Andrea González, Paola Andrenacci, Liliana Compagni,

Hugo Reyes, Emilia Sugai, María Laura Moreno, Edgardo Smecuol, Hui Jer Hwang, Inés Pinto Sánchez,

Eduardo Mauriño, Julio César Bai

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gastroesophageal Reflux : CK(278) : AC(41)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Hyperthyroidism

Celiac disease is far higher in those diagnosed with Grave's disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Endocrine. 2006 Oct;30(2):175-83. PMID: 17322576

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2006

Authors : Cihangir Erem, Orhan Deger, Ercüment Ovali, Yasam Barlak

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves

Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) :

AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

115

There is a higher prevalance of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity in patients

with Grave's hyperthyroidism. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):303-6. PMID: 15730411

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2005

Authors : Chin Lye Ch'ng, Moushmi Biswas, Ann Benton, M Keston Jones, Jeremy G C Kingham

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9), Hyperthyroidism : CK(189) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced

A novel wheat gliadin is the cause of exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 1):912-7. PMID: 10329828

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, M Koivuluhta, J Mikkola, H Keskinen, N Kalkkinen, T

Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis : CK(54) : AC(15), Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Rye and barley may elicit symptoms in patients with wheat-dependent,

exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Allergy. 2001 Mar;31(3):466-73. PMID: 11260160

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2001

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, N Kalkkinen, T Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food

Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Additional Keywords : Cross-Reactivity In Grain Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Grains : CK(27) : AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3)

A case study of a 54-year-old Korean woman with a five-year history of wheat

flour allergy resulting in a diagnosis of wheat-dependent exercise-induced

anaphylaxis. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Ann Dermatol. 2009 Nov ;21(4):447-9. Epub 2009 Nov 30. PMID: 20523846

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2009

Authors : Hee Bong Lee, In Su Ahn, Ji Hoon Choi, Chun Wook Park, Cheol Heon Lee

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Omega-5 gliadin anaphylaxis has been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun ;43(3):92-4. PMID: 21789971

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2011

Authors : M R Yacoub, E Savi, S E Burastero, S Dal Farra, C Mason, S Pecora, G Colombo

116

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

"Wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis possibly sensitized by the

hydrolyzed wheat proteins in a facial cleansing soap" - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J UOEH. 2012 Mar 1 ;34(1):85-9. PMID: 22428462

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Miwa Kobayashi, Risa Okura, Haruna Yoshioka, Kana Hiromasa, Manabu Yoshioka, Motonobu

Nakamura

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: IgA Nephropathy

A gluten-free diet improves primary IgA nephropathy in 75% of patients. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Nephrol. 1990 Feb;33(2):72-86. PMID: 2311308

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1990

Authors : R Coppo, D Roccatello, A Amore, G Quattrocchio, A Molino, B Gianoglio, A Amoroso, P Bajardi,

G Piccoli

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity is prevalent in patients with IgA nephropathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Aug;24(8):2476-81. Epub 2009 Mar 30. PMID: 19332868

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2009

Authors : Hilde Kloster Smerud, Bengt Fellström, Roger Hällgren, Sonia Osagie, Per Venge, Gudjón

Kristjánsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

Gluten and its lectin-like fraction gliadin contribute to experimental IgA

glumerulopathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Invest. 1989 Apr;60(4):499-506. PMID: 2709812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1989

Authors : R Coppo, G Mazzucco, G Martina, D Roccatello, A Amore, R Novara, A Bargoni, G Piccoli, L M

Sena

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glomerulonephritis : CK(41) : AC(9), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

117

Topic: Gastrointestinal Inflammation

Gluten elicits its harmful effect, throughout an IL15 innate immune response,

on all the individuals. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Gut. 2007 Jun;56(6):889-90. PMID: 17519496

Article Published Date : Oct 21, 1976

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37), Interleukin-15 downregulation :

CK(10) : AC(1)

Lymphocytic infiltration of epithelium is a common problem in dermatitis

herpetiformis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br Med J. 1972 Aug 12 ;3(5823):371-4. PMID: 5070159

Article Published Date : Aug 12, 1972

Authors : L Fry, P P Seah, R M McMinn, A V Hoffbrand

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Epithelium Damage: Lymphocytic infiltration :

CK(10) : AC(1), Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

CLA reduces gliadin-induced intestinal toxicity in an animal model. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Sep ;55 Suppl 2:S248-56. Epub 2011 Aug 31. PMID: 21954188

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2011

Authors : Paolo Bergamo, Marta Gogliettino, Gianna Palmieri, Ennio Cocca, Francesco Maurano, Rosita

Stefanile, Marco Balestrieri, Giuseppe Mazzarella, Chella David, Mauro Rossi

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid) : CK(71) : AC(27)

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten

Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Despite the belief that immune-mediation is required for gliadin to damage to

the body, gliadin appears to directly damage the cells exposed to it; i - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 14 ;11(38):5973-7. PMID: 16273608

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Luca Elli, Leda Roncoroni, Barbara Costa, Maria-Pia Colleoni, Vito Lorusso,

Simona Ramponi, Paola Braidotti, Stefano Ferrero, Maria-Letizia Falini, Maria-Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Oxidative Stress : CK(1880) : AC(710)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35), Oxidant : CK(104) : AC(37)

Gliadin has a direct cytotoxic effect on the cytoskeleton and tight junctions of

epithelial cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec 28 ;11(48):7597-601. PMID: 16437684

Article Published Date : Dec 28, 2005 118

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Leda Roncoroni, Luca Elli, Chiara Fumagalli, Roberto Colombo, Simona

Ramponi, Fabio Forlani, Maria Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246),

Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Topic: Infertility

Unexplained infertility in women may be due to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Minerva Med. 2007 Jun;98(3):217-9. PMID: 17592443

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2007

Authors : R Pellicano, M Astegiano, M Bruno, S Fagoonee, M Rizzetto

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94), Infertility: Female :

CK(182) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Recognizing women with unexplained infertility and previous adverse pregnancy

outcomes as at risk of celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2010 Sep ;6(5):753-66. PMID: 20887172

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2010

Authors : Sveta Shah, Daniel Leffler

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94)

Additional Keywords : Enteropathy : CK(3) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Atopic Dermatitis

165 children with atopic dermatitis were studied, a higher number of sensitized

food allergens was associated with negative effects on their growth and

nutritional status. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2011 Jan ;3(1):53-7. Epub 2010 Nov 23. PMID: 21217926

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : Ha-Na Cho, Soyoung Hong, Soo-Hyung Lee, Hye-Yung Yum

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Peanut : CK(104) : AC(19)

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Children: Impaired Growth : CK(30) : AC(3), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Peanut : CK(31) : AC(5), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Approximately 1 in every 3 patients with atopic eczema are positive for antigliadin

and/or anti-milk antibodies, indicating they may play a causitive role in

the disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Dermatol. 1985 May;10(3):222-8. PMID: 4006283 119

Article Published Date : May 01, 1985

Authors : R Finn, M M Harvey, P M Johnson, J L Verbov, R M Barnes

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Wheat intolerance is a common causative factor in atopic dermatitis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Allergy. 2000 Apr;55(4):386-91. PMID: 10782525

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2000

Authors : E Varjonen, E Vainio, K Kalimo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5)

Topic: Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Celiac disease has a far higher prevalence in autoimmune thyroid disorders. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 May;31(4):283-7. PMID: 10425571

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : L Cuoco, M Certo, R A Jorizzo, I De Vitis, A Tursi, A Papa, L De Marinis, P Fedeli, G Fedeli, G

Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hashimoto's

thyroiditis : CK(265) : AC(10), Thyroid Nodule : CK(92) : AC(11)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance : CK(21) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

There is a high frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease among celiac disease

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):63-6. PMID: 12827007

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2003

Authors : Nicoletta Ansaldi, Tiziana Palmas, Andrea Corrias, Maria Barbato, Mario Rocco D'Altiglia,

Angelo Campanozzi, Mariella Baldassarre, Francesco Rea, Rosanna Pluvio, Margherita Bonamico,

Rosanna Lazzari, Giovanni Corrao

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac

Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: Cirrhosis: Liver

Patients with chronic liver disease have a high prevalence of anti-tTg

antibodies, similar to patients with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2003 Jan;38(1):50-4. PMID: 12608464

120

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : M Vecchi, C Folli, M F Donato, S Formenti, E Arosio, R de Franchis

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cirrhosis: Liver : CK(985) : AC(31), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Endomysium Antibodies : CK(10) : AC(1), Anti-tTG : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Diarrhea: IBS associated

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome is associated with celiacdisease

associated serum IgG in many patients tested. A gluten-free diet results

in significant improvements. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jul;5(7):844-50; quiz 769. Epub 2007 Jun 5. PMID:

17553753

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Ulrich Wahnschaffe, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Martin Zeitz, Reiner Ullrich

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diarrhea: IBS associated : CK(10) : AC(1), Irritable Bowel

Syndrome : CK(803) : AC(66)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Hypothyroidism

Intolerance to wheat (CD autoantibodies) is higher than background rates in

those with Turner syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 May;156(2):205-10. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19298606

Article Published Date : May 01, 2009

Authors : K H Mortensen, L Cleemann, B E Hjerrild, E Nexo, H Locht, E M Jeppesen, C H Gravholt

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes

Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78), Turner Syndrome : CK(10) :

AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There is a high frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease among celiac disease

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):63-6. PMID: 12827007

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2003

Authors : Nicoletta Ansaldi, Tiziana Palmas, Andrea Corrias, Maria Barbato, Mario Rocco D'Altiglia,

Angelo Campanozzi, Mariella Baldassarre, Francesco Rea, Rosanna Pluvio, Margherita Bonamico,

Rosanna Lazzari, Giovanni Corrao

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac

Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

121

Thyroid autoimmunity is associated with celiac disease in children. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr. 2010 Feb;156(2):292-5. Epub 2009 Oct 20. PMID: 19846116

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2010

Authors : Alessandra Cassio, Giampaolo Ricci, Federico Baronio, Angela Miniaci, Milva Bal, Barbara

Bigucci, Veronica Conti, Alessandro Cicognani

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: IgA rheumatoid factor: elevated

Elevated IgA rheumatoid factor may result from wheat consumption. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Derm Venereol. 1995 Mar ;75(2):130-2. PMID: 7604641

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1995

Authors : M Sökjer, T Jónsson, S Bödvarsson, I Jónsdóttir, H Valdimarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA rheumatoid factor: elevated : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Gluten may induce an immune response that elicits mucosal rheumatoid factor

synthesis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Jan ;103(1):94-8. PMID: 8565295

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1996

Authors : J Hällgren, F Knutson, B Lavö, R Hällgren

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : IgA rheumatoid factor: elevated : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Infertility: Female

Unexplained infertility in women may be due to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Minerva Med. 2007 Jun;98(3):217-9. PMID: 17592443

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2007

Authors : R Pellicano, M Astegiano, M Bruno, S Fagoonee, M Rizzetto

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94), Infertility: Female :

CK(182) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Topic: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

122

A high frequency of celiac disease was found in patients with lymphoma in the

southeast region of Turkey. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Turk J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun ;20(2):87-92. PMID: 19530040

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : Timuçin Cil, Abdullah Altintaş, Abdurrahman Işikdoğan, Semir Paşa, Kadim Bayan, Sabri

Batun, Hüseyin Büyükbayram

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma :

CK(515) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Some patients with NHL possessed immunoreactivity to gliadin , indicating this

protein may contribute to immune imbalance in the condition. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Int J Hematol. 2009 Sep ;90(2):212-6. Epub 2009 Jul 17. PMID: 19609644

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Zorica D Juranić, Irina Besu, Svetislav Jelić, Aleksandra Konić-Ristić, Suzana Matković,

Ljiljana Janković, Dusica Gavrilović, Branka Radojcić, Ivana Minić

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma : CK(515) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly increased in

patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, indicating the potential that

wheat/gluten may contribute to malignancies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 1996 Apr ;38(4):528-30. PMID: 8707082

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 1996

Authors : P Collin, E Pukkala, T Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma : CK(515) : AC(67)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Polyarthritis

Celiac disease should be considered among the differential diagnoses in a

patient with poly-arthritis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Reumatol Clin. 2011 Jan-Feb;7(1):27-9. Epub 2010 Jun 23. PMID: 21794776

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : José Dionisio Castillo-Ortiz, Sergio Durán-Barragán, Adriana Sánchez-Ortíz, Cesar Ramos-

Remus

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Polyarthritis : CK(134) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Psychoses

Markers of gluten sensitivity and celiac disease are increased in recent-onset

psychosis and multi-episode schizophrenia. - GMI Summary

123

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Jul 1;68(1):100-4. Epub 2010 May 14. PMID: 20471632

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2010

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Flora

Leister, Shuojia Yang, Bogdana Krivogorsky, Armin Alaedini, Robert Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychoses :

CK(12) : AC(3), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Eosinophilic esophagitis

"A 6-food elimination diet (SFED) excluding cow's milk, soy, wheat, egg,

peanuts/tree nuts, and seafood has been shown to induce remission in a

majority of children with EoE." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011 Aug ;53(2):145-9. PMID: 21788754

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2011

Authors : Amir F Kagalwalla, Ameesh Shah, B U K Li, Timothy A Sentongo, Sally Ritz, Maria Manuel-

Rubio, Katie Jacques, Deli Wang, Hector Melin-Aldana, Suzanne P Nelson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Peanut : CK(31) : AC(5), Soy :

CK(56) : AC(8), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A study of 53 pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis found most were

highly atopic with frequent allergic sensitivities; the overall prevalence of food

& inhalant sensitization was 80%, with higher total IgE levels in sensitized vs

nonsensitized - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010 Jun ;104(6):496-502. PMID: 20568382

Article Published Date : May 31, 2010

Authors : Elizabeth A Erwin, Hayley R James, Heather M Gutekunst, John M Russo, Kelly J Kelleher,

Thomas A E Platts-Mills

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated

Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Soy : CK(56) : AC(8), Wheat :

CK(2371) : AC(280)

Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin Emediated

food allergy. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011 ;21(1):73-5. PMID: 21370728

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : S Sánchez-García, M D Ibáñez, M J Martinez-Gómez, C Escudero, A Vereda, M Fernández-

Rodríguez, P Rodríguez del Río

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated : CK(3) : AC(1), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

124

Food elimination may have value in treating adult eosinophilic esophagitis. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012 Feb 13. Epub 2012 Feb 13. PMID: 22334220

Article Published Date : Feb 13, 2012

Authors : Jesús González-Cervera, Teresa Angueira, Benito Rodriguez-Domínguez, Angel Arias, José

Luis Yagüe-Compadre, Alfredo J Lucendo

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications of unexplained origin may likely be caused

by undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1992 Aug 22;340(8817):439-43. PMID: 1354781

Article Published Date : Aug 22, 1992

Authors : G Gobbi, F Bouquet, L Greco, A Lambertini, C A Tassinari, A Ventura, M G Zaniboni

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications poorly responsive to antiepileptic

treatment have been reported significantly improved with folic acid and a

gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 May;80(5):559-62. PMID: 1908173

Article Published Date : May 01, 1991

Authors : A Ventura, F Bouquet, C Sartorelli, E Barbi, G Torre, G Tommasini

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3), Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency :

CK(13) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

GFD beneficial in HLA-related celiac disease with epilepsy and cerebral

calcifications - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Brain Dev. 2005 Apr ;27(3):189-200. PMID: 15737700

Article Published Date : Mar 31, 2005

Authors : Giuseppe Gobbi

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Cerebral Calcifications

125

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications of unexplained origin may likely be caused

by undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1992 Aug 22;340(8817):439-43. PMID: 1354781

Article Published Date : Aug 22, 1992

Authors : G Gobbi, F Bouquet, L Greco, A Lambertini, C A Tassinari, A Ventura, M G Zaniboni

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications poorly responsive to antiepileptic

treatment have been reported significantly improved with folic acid and a

gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 May;80(5):559-62. PMID: 1908173

Article Published Date : May 01, 1991

Authors : A Ventura, F Bouquet, C Sartorelli, E Barbi, G Torre, G Tommasini

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3), Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency :

CK(13) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Diarrhea

"Gluten-sensitive diarrhea without evidence of celiac disease." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 1980 Nov ;79(5 Pt 1):801-6. PMID: 7419003

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 1980

Authors : B T Cooper, G K Holmes, R Ferguson, R A Thompson, R N Allan, W T Cooke

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

High serum levels of anti-deamidated gliadin peptides may predict celiac

disease in children younger than 2 years - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Liver Dis. 2011 Jun ;43(6):465-9. Epub 2011 Jan 22. PMID: 21257356

Article Published Date : May 31, 2011

Authors : Maria Barbato, Giulia Maiella, Chiara Di Camillo, Sofia Guida, Francesco Valitutti, Ginevra

Lastrucci, Fabrizio Mainiero, Salvatore Cucchiara

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

A Glutenfree diet improves osteogenesis imperfecta associated with celiac

disease and type II diabetes - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

126

Pubmed Data : Case Report Med. 2012 ;2012:813461. Epub 2012 Mar 5. PMID: 22481956

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2011

Authors : Luis Rodrigo, Isabel Pérez-Martinez

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 : CK(3229) : AC(328),

Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72), Osteogenesis Imperfecta : CK(3) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Multiple Fractures : CK(3) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Celiac Disease: Prevention

Breastfeeding seems to offer a protection against the development of CD in

predisposed infants. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Evid Based Med. 2012 Aug 4. Epub 2012 Aug 4. PMID: 22864373

Article Published Date : Aug 03, 2012

Authors : Camilla Henriksson, Anne-Marie Boström, Ingela E Wiklund

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Prevention : CK(32) : AC(3), Infant

Nutrition : CK(70) : AC(13)

T herapeutic Actions : Breastfeeding : CK(657) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Gluten induces coeliac-like disease in sensitised mice that is prevented by

probiotics. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Invest. 2012 Feb 13. Epub 2012 Feb 13. PMID: 22330344

Article Published Date : Feb 13, 2012

Authors : Christina Papista, Vassilis Gerakopoulos, Andreas Kourelis, Maria Sounidaki, Anastasia

Kontana, Laureline Berthelot, Ivan C Moura, Renato C Monteiro, Minas Yiangou

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Probiotics : CK(2370) : AC(235), Saccharomyces Boulardii : CK(137) : AC(23)

Diseases : Celiac Disease: Prevention : CK(32) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Abortion: Spontaneous

Celiac disease associated antibodies are higher in Argentine women with

recurrent pregnancy loss. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Reprod Immunol. 2006 Mar;55(3):201-7. PMID: 16451354

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : Daniel Bustos, Ana Moret, Monica Tambutti, Sebastian Gogorza, Roberto Testa, Amanda

Ascione, Norma Prigoshin

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Recurrent miscarriages may be due to undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Recenti Prog Med. 2000 Feb;91(2):72-5. PMID: 10748651

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2000 127

Authors : P Caramaschi, D Biasi, A Carletto, M Randon, M L Pacor, L M Bambara

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Miscarriage :

CK(516) : AC(35), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Topic: Ataxia: Cerebellar

A high prevalence of gluten sensitivity is found in sporadic and hereditary

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2001 Apr;49(4):540-3. PMID: 11310636

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2001

Authors : K O Bushara, S U Goebel, H Shill, L G Goldfarb, M Hallett

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Celiac disease is associated with ataxic syndromes without definite diagnosis,

suggesting that it plays a part in the pathogenesis of some ataxic syndromes. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999 Jan ;66(1):32-5. PMID: 9886447

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1999

Authors : M T Pellecchia, R Scala, A Filla, G De Michele, C Ciacci, P Barone

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Miscarriage: Recurrent

Celiac disease associated antibodies are higher in Argentine women with

recurrent pregnancy loss. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Reprod Immunol. 2006 Mar;55(3):201-7. PMID: 16451354

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : Daniel Bustos, Ana Moret, Monica Tambutti, Sebastian Gogorza, Roberto Testa, Amanda

Ascione, Norma Prigoshin

128

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Recurrent miscarriages may be due to undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Recenti Prog Med. 2000 Feb;91(2):72-5. PMID: 10748651

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2000

Authors : P Caramaschi, D Biasi, A Carletto, M Randon, M L Pacor, L M Bambara

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Miscarriage :

CK(516) : AC(35), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Topic: Thyroid Nodule

Celiac disease has a far higher prevalence in autoimmune thyroid disorders. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 May;31(4):283-7. PMID: 10425571

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : L Cuoco, M Certo, R A Jorizzo, I De Vitis, A Tursi, A Papa, L De Marinis, P Fedeli, G Fedeli, G

Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hashimoto's

thyroiditis : CK(265) : AC(10), Thyroid Nodule : CK(92) : AC(11)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance : CK(21) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Pathologic follicular epithelium (thyroid gland) have an increased expression of

WGA receptors, indicating that this lectin may play a role in pathogenesis. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cancer. 1988 Dec 1;62(11):2354-62. PMID: 3179951

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1988

Authors : R González-Cámpora, F Sanchez Gallego, I Martin Lacave, J Mora Marin, C Montero Linares, H

Galera-Davidson

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Thyroid Cancer : CK(162) : AC(32), Thyroid Nodule : CK(92) : AC(11)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Atherosclerosis

There is a weak but positive correlation with the presence of coronary heart

disease and the presence of anti-gliadin antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2007 Jul;23(133):9-14. PMID: 18051823

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Elwira Stasiakowska-Badura, Marek Kochmański

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links 129

Diseases : Atherosclerosis : CK(512) : AC(77), Coronary Artery Disease : CK(1253) : AC(136), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

A Gluten and casein-free diet may have a therapeutic effect in autism spectrum

and attention deficit disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Apr;13(2):87-100. PMID: 20406576

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2010

Authors : Paul Whiteley, Demetrious Haracopos, Ann-Mari Knivsberg, Karl Ludvig Reichelt, Sarah

Parlar, Judith Jacobsen, Anders Seim, Lennart Pedersen, Maja Schondel, Paul Shattock

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder : CK(134) : AC(12), Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity :

CK(230) : AC(32), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108)

Additional Keywords : Gluten and ADHD : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

ADHD sympomatology is markedly over represented among untreated CD

patients and that a gluten-free diet may improve symptoms significantly within

a short period of time. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Atten Disord. 2006 Nov;10(2):200-4. PMID: 17085630

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2006

Authors : Helmut Niederhofer, Klaus Pittschieler

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity : CK(230) : AC(32), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) :

AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269), Gluten and ADHD : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Celiac disease is markedly overrepresented among patients presenting with

ADHD. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2011 ;13(3). PMID: 21977364

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Helmut Niederhofer

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder : CK(160) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) :

AC(185), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Autism

Children with autism show elevations against gliadin (wheat protein) and

cerebellar proteins simultaneously. These proteins simulate antibodies that

may cross-react, resulting in neurological damage. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Jun;7(3):151-61. PMID: 15526989 130

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2004

Authors : A Vojdani, T O'Bryan, J A Green, J Mccandless, K N Woeller, E Vojdani, A A Nourian, E L

Cooper

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism : CK(1340) : AC(65), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Autoimmune

Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Molecular Mimicry : CK(47) : AC(10)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy in patients with celiac disease may be completely reversible

with a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mayo Clin Proc. 2005 May;80(5):674-6. PMID: 15887437

Article Published Date : May 01, 2005

Authors : Nisheeth K Goel, Robert D McBane, Patrick S Kamath

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cardiomyopathy : CK(77) : AC(15), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Cholestasis

Celiac disease has a high prevalance rate in autoimmune cholestatic liver

disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Oct;97(10):2609-13. PMID: 12385447

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Umberto Volta, Luis Rodrigo, Alessandro Granito, Nunzio Petrolini, Paolo Muratori, Luigi

Muratori, Antonio Linares, Lorenza Veronesi, Dolores Fuentes, Daniela Zauli, Francesco B Bianchi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cholestasis

: CK(274) : AC(30), Cholestasis: Autoimmune : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Cholestasis: Autoimmune

Celiac disease has a high prevalance rate in autoimmune cholestatic liver

disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Oct;97(10):2609-13. PMID: 12385447

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Umberto Volta, Luis Rodrigo, Alessandro Granito, Nunzio Petrolini, Paolo Muratori, Luigi

Muratori, Antonio Linares, Lorenza Veronesi, Dolores Fuentes, Daniela Zauli, Francesco B Bianchi

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cholestasis

: CK(274) : AC(30), Cholestasis: Autoimmune : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Coronary Artery Disease

131

There is a weak but positive correlation with the presence of coronary heart

disease and the presence of anti-gliadin antibodies. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2007 Jul;23(133):9-14. PMID: 18051823

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Elwira Stasiakowska-Badura, Marek Kochmański

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atherosclerosis : CK(512) : AC(77), Coronary Artery Disease : CK(1253) : AC(136), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: End-Stage Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD)

Celiac disease is found in a far higher percentage of patients with end-stage

autoimmune liver disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Liver Int. 2008 Apr;28(4):467-76. PMID: 18339073

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2008

Authors : Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Ahmad S Abdulkarim, Russell H Wiesner, S Breanndan Moore, Patricia K

Krause, Joseph A Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), End-Stage

Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD) : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30), Organ

Transplantation: Liver : CK(202) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Celiac disease has a far higher prevalence in autoimmune thyroid disorders. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 May;31(4):283-7. PMID: 10425571

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : L Cuoco, M Certo, R A Jorizzo, I De Vitis, A Tursi, A Papa, L De Marinis, P Fedeli, G Fedeli, G

Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hashimoto's

thyroiditis : CK(265) : AC(10), Thyroid Nodule : CK(92) : AC(11)

Additional Keywords : Wheat Intolerance : CK(21) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity

165 children with atopic dermatitis were studied, a higher number of sensitized

food allergens was associated with negative effects on their growth and

nutritional status. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2011 Jan ;3(1):53-7. Epub 2010 Nov 23. PMID: 21217926

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : Ha-Na Cho, Soyoung Hong, Soo-Hyung Lee, Hye-Yung Yum

132

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Peanut : CK(104) : AC(19)

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Children: Impaired Growth : CK(30) : AC(3), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Peanut : CK(31) : AC(5), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

A study of 53 pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis found most were

highly atopic with frequent allergic sensitivities; the overall prevalence of food

& inhalant sensitization was 80%, with higher total IgE levels in sensitized vs

nonsensitized - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010 Jun ;104(6):496-502. PMID: 20568382

Article Published Date : May 31, 2010

Authors : Elizabeth A Erwin, Hayley R James, Heather M Gutekunst, John M Russo, Kelly J Kelleher,

Thomas A E Platts-Mills

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated

Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Soy : CK(56) : AC(8), Wheat :

CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Infant Nutrition

Breastfeeding seems to offer a protection against the development of CD in

predisposed infants. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Evid Based Med. 2012 Aug 4. Epub 2012 Aug 4. PMID: 22864373

Article Published Date : Aug 03, 2012

Authors : Camilla Henriksson, Anne-Marie Boström, Ingela E Wiklund

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Prevention : CK(32) : AC(3), Infant

Nutrition : CK(70) : AC(13)

T herapeutic Actions : Breastfeeding : CK(657) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Meniere's Disease

The majority of patients with Meniere's disease tested (56.9%) are sensitive to

gliadin, as measured by a skin prick test. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Laryngoscope. 2011 Dec 6. Epub 2011 Dec 6. PMID: 22253033

Article Published Date : Dec 06, 2011

Authors : Federica Di Berardino, Antonio Cesarani

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Meniere's Disease : CK(288) : AC(5), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Organ Transplantation: Liver

Celiac disease is found in a far higher percentage of patients with end-stage

133

autoimmune liver disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Liver Int. 2008 Apr;28(4):467-76. PMID: 18339073

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2008

Authors : Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Ahmad S Abdulkarim, Russell H Wiesner, S Breanndan Moore, Patricia K

Krause, Joseph A Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), End-Stage

Autoimmune Liver Disease (ESALD) : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Disease : CK(114) : AC(30), Organ

Transplantation: Liver : CK(202) : AC(24)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Palmoplantar Pustulosis

Palmoplantar pustulosis is a condition highly correlated to gluten sensitivity. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Dermatol. 2007 Apr;156(4):659-66. Epub 2007 Jan 30. PMID: 17263812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2007

Authors : G Michaëlsson, G Kristjánsson, I Pihl Lundin, E Hagforsen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Palmoplantar Pustulosis : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Peripheral Neuropathies

Sensory ganglionopathy may be a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2010 Sep 14;75(11):1003-8. PMID: 20837968

Article Published Date : Sep 14, 2010

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D G Rao, S B Wharton, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, A G B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Peripheral

Neuropathies : CK(454) : AC(31), Sensory Neuropathies : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Restless Legs Syndrome

Celiac disease is associated with restless legs syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 2010 Jun ;55(6):1667-73. PMID: 19731029

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2010

Authors : Leonard B Weinstock, Arthur S Walters, Gerard E Mullin, Stephen P Duntley

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Restless Legs Syndrome : CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

There was a 31% prevalence of RLS in the CD population that was significantly

higher than the prevalence in the control population (4%; P<0.001). 6 - GMI

134

Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2010 May 15 ;25(7):877-81. PMID: 20461805

Article Published Date : May 15, 2010

Authors : Marcello Moccia, Maria Teresa Pellecchia, Roberto Erro, Fabiana Zingone, Sara Marelli,

Damiano Giuseppe Barone, Carolina Ciacci, Luigi Ferini Strambi, Paolo Barone

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Restless Legs Syndrome : CK(91) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Rett Syndrome

Elevated IgA antibodies to gluten and gliadin proteins and to casein in milk

have been found in patients with Rett syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Autism. 2006 Mar;10(2):189-97. PMID: 16613867

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : K L Reichelt, O Skjeldal

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Rett Syndrome :

CK(20) : AC(2), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Topic: Sensory Neuropathies

Sensory ganglionopathy may be a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2010 Sep 14;75(11):1003-8. PMID: 20837968

Article Published Date : Sep 14, 2010

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D G Rao, S B Wharton, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, A G B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Peripheral

Neuropathies : CK(454) : AC(31), Sensory Neuropathies : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Macroamylasemia

A significant percentage of the newly diagnosed patients with CD have

macroamylasemia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2001 Apr ;96(4):1096-100. PMID: 11316153

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2001

Authors : A Rabsztyn, P H Green, I Berti, A Fasano, J A Perman, K Horvath

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Macroamylasemia : CK(19) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

A case of malabsorption and macroamylasemia reponding positvely to gluten

withdrawal has been reported. - GMI Summary

135

Pubmed Data : Am J Med. 1980 Sep ;69(3):451-7. PMID: 6158266

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1980

Authors : H J Hodgson, K B Whitaker, B T Cooper, J H Baron, H G Freeman, D W Moss, V S Chadwick

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Macroamylasemia : CK(19) : AC(1), Malabsorption Syndrome : CK(34) : AC(11)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Hyperamylasemia due to macroamylasemia in adult gluten enteropathy has

been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1997 May ;57(3):271-3. PMID: 9238763

Article Published Date : May 01, 1997

Authors : G Bonetti, G Serricchio, A Giudici, M Bettonagli, G B Vadacca, R Bruno, E Coslovich, R Moratti

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hyperamylasemia : CK(3) : AC(1), Macroamylasemia :

CK(19) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Macroamylasemia attributable to gluten-related amylase autoantibodies has

been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatrics. 2001 Jun ;107(6):E93. PMID: 11389291

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2001

Authors : G Barera, E Bazzigaluppi, M Viscardi, F Renzetti, C Bianchi, G Chiumello, E Bosi

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Macroamylasemia : CK(19) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Intestinal Permeability

Gliadin causes intestinal permeability in both celiac and non-celiac intestinal

mucosa. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2006 Apr;41(4):408-19. PMID: 16635908

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2006

Authors : Sandro Drago, Ramzi El Asmar, Mariarosaria Di Pierro, Maria Grazia Clemente, Amit Tripathi,

Anna Sapone, Manjusha Thakar, Giuseppe Iacono, Antonio Carroccio, Cinzia D'Agate, Tarcisio Not, Lucia

Zampini, Carlo Catassi, Alessio Fasano

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Additional Keywords : Zonulin : CK(15) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Dietary cereals contribute to intestinal permeability in experimental

enteropathy in rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 1983 Sep ;24(9):825-30. PMID: 6411526

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1983

Authors : J S Sandhu, D R Fraser

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate : CK(30) : AC(13), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Grains : CK(27) : AC(8)

136

Gliadin has a direct cytotoxic effect on the cytoskeleton and tight junctions of

epithelial cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec 28 ;11(48):7597-601. PMID: 16437684

Article Published Date : Dec 28, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Leda Roncoroni, Luca Elli, Chiara Fumagalli, Roberto Colombo, Simona

Ramponi, Fabio Forlani, Maria Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246),

Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Gliadin induces an increase in intestinal permeability - Article 2. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 2003 Feb;52(2):218-23. PMID: 12524403

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2003

Authors : M G Clemente, S De Virgiliis, J S Kang, R Macatagney, M P Musu, M R Di Pierro, S Drago, M

Congia, A Fasano

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Additional Keywords : Zonulin : CK(15) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Gliadin induces an increase in intestinal permeability. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2008 Jul;135(1):194-204.e3. Epub 2008 Mar 21. PMID: 18485912

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2008

Authors : Karen M Lammers, Ruliang Lu, Julie Brownley, Bao Lu, Craig Gerard, Karen Thomas, Prasad

Rallabhandi, Terez Shea-Donohue, Amir Tamiz, Sefik Alkan, Sarah Netzel-Arnett, Toni Antalis, Stefanie N

Vogel, Alessio Fasano

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Additional Keywords : Zonulin : CK(15) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Wheat, rye, and barley proteins may act as aids to carcinogens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 1997 Sep;49(3):285-8. PMID: 9293475

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1997

Authors : R Hoggan

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), HPA Axis Dysregulation : CK(69) : AC(11), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10), Grains : CK(27) :

AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Ataxia

"Whereas the development of anti-transglutaminase 2 IgA is linked with

gastrointestinal disease, an anti-transglutaminase 6 IgG and IgA response is

prevalent in gluten ataxia." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2008 Sep ;64(3):332-43. PMID: 18825674

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

137

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Pascale Aeschlimann, Alexander Strigun, David S Sanders, Nicola

Woodroofe, Daniel Aeschlimann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Gluten Ataxia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Progressive ataxia with palatal tremor due to gluten sensitivity has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2012 Jan ;27(1):62-3. PMID: 22252893

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Ammar Kheder, Stuart Currie, Charles Romanowski, Marios Hadjivassiliou

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Tremor : CK(39) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Celiac disease should be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of neurological

dysfunction of unknown cause, including ataxia, epilepsy and dementia. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Dec ;62(4):969-72. Epub 2004 Dec 15. PMID: 15608953

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2004

Authors : José Ibiapina Siqueira Neto, Ana Carolina Leite Vieira Costa, Francisco George Magalhães,

Gisele Sampaio Silva

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Dementia : CK(225) : AC(31),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Headache

Headache and CNS white matter abnormalities may be associated with gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2001 Feb 13 ;56(3):385-8. PMID: 11171906

Article Published Date : Feb 13, 2001

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, R A Grünewald, M Lawden, G A Davies-Jones, T Powell, C M Smith

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : CNS White Matter Abnormalities : CK(10) : AC(1), Headache : CK(657) : AC(72)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

A woman with daily headaches caused by wheat consumption has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Headache Pain. 2005 Apr ;6(2):91-2. Epub 2005 Apr 8. PMID: 16362649

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Julio Pascual, Carlos Leno

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Headache : CK(657) : AC(72)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

138

Topic: Pancreatitis

The glutenfree diet described as only effective therapy to prevent acute

pancreatitis relapses associated with gluten enteropathy - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2008 Dec ;100(12):746-51. PMID: 19222332

Article Published Date : Nov 30, 2008

Authors : L Rodrigo, N Alvarez, S Riestra, R de Francisco, O González Bernardo, L García Isidro, A

López Vázquez, C López Larrea

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40)

Additional Keywords : Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40), Pancreatitis :

CK(163) : AC(40)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Celiac disease and autoimmune pancreatitis: a case report. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Nov ;23(12):1270-2. PMID: 21946127

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2011

Authors : Ibrahim Masoodi, Hamidullah Wani, Khalid Alsayari, Tarek Sulaiman, Nadeem Syed Hassan,

Adel Nazmi Alqutub, Ahmed Al Omair, Abed H Al-Lehibi

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Topic: Lymphoma

A high frequency of celiac disease was found in patients with lymphoma in the

southeast region of Turkey. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Turk J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun ;20(2):87-92. PMID: 19530040

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : Timuçin Cil, Abdullah Altintaş, Abdurrahman Işikdoğan, Semir Paşa, Kadim Bayan, Sabri

Batun, Hüseyin Büyükbayram

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma :

CK(515) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Wheat, rye, and barley proteins may act as aids to carcinogens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 1997 Sep;49(3):285-8. PMID: 9293475

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1997

Authors : R Hoggan

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), HPA Axis Dysregulation : CK(69) : AC(11), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10), Grains : CK(27) :

AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

139

Topic: Psychiatric Disorders

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There are neurologic and psychiatric manifestations to gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PMID: 21877216

Article Published Date : Aug 30, 2011

Authors : Jessica R Jackson, William W Eaton, Nicola G Cascella, Alessio Fasano, Deanna L Kelly

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Gluten

Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) :

AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Positive serum antigliadin antibodies without celiac disease have been

associated with rhematoid arthritis and depression in the elderly. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct;45(10):1197-202. PMID: 20545470

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010

Authors : Anitta Ruuskanen, Katri Kaukinen, Pekka Collin, Heini Huhtala, Raisa Valve, Markku Mäki,

Liisa Luostarinen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) :

AC(8), Depression: Unipolar : CK(662) : AC(84), Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Additional Keywords : Antigliadin Antibodies (AGA) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Do dietary lectins cause disease? - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : BMJ. 1999 Apr 17 ;318(7190):1023-4. PMID: 10205084

Article Published Date : Apr 16, 1999

Authors : D L Freed

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

140

Lectins bind to inflamed synovial tissue of patients with osteoarthritis and

rheumatoid arthritis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Histochem Suppl. 1988;36:277-83. PMID: 3150561

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1988

Authors : P Fritz, H V Tuczek, J Hoenes, A Mischlinski, A Grau, C Hage, A Koenig, G Wegner

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Osteoarthritis : CK(615) : AC(91), Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Cancers: All

Mortality from malignant neoplasms, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and digestive

system disorders were significantly higher in gluten sensitive patients

compared to the Northern Ireland population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan 7 ;13(1):146-51. PMID: 17206762

Article Published Date : Jan 07, 2007

Authors : L A Anderson, S A McMillan, R G P Watson, P Monaghan, A T Gavin, C Fox, L J Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cancers: All : CK(8580) : AC(2715), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Mortality: All-

Cause : CK(644) : AC(55)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Plant sprouts within the Gramineae family such as wheat, maize and rye

contain potentially carcinogenic compounds known as benzoxinoids (BAs). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Cancer Lett. 2007 Feb 8;246(1-2):290-9. Epub 2006 Apr 27. PMID: 16644106

Article Published Date : Feb 08, 2007

Authors : Christoph A Buchmann, Armen Nersesyan, Brigitte Kopp, Doris Schauberger, Firouz Darroudi,

Tamara Grummt, Georg Krupitza, Michael Kundi, Rolf Schulte-Hermann, Siegfried Knasmueller

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cancers: All : CK(8580) : AC(2715)

Problem Substances : Benzoxazinoids (BAs) : CK(1) : AC(1), Corn : CK(14) : AC(4), Grains : CK(27) :

AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Thyroid Cancer

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A bind to benign and malignant

thyroid nodules. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1989 Feb;113(2):186-9. PMID: 2916907

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1989

Authors : H Sasano, M Rojas, S G Silverberg

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Thyroid Cancer : CK(162) : AC(32), Thyroid Neoplasms : CK(11) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ

Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Pathologic follicular epithelium (thyroid gland) have an increased expression of

WGA receptors, indicating that this lectin may play a role in pathogenesis. -

141

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cancer. 1988 Dec 1;62(11):2354-62. PMID: 3179951

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1988

Authors : R González-Cámpora, F Sanchez Gallego, I Martin Lacave, J Mora Marin, C Montero Linares, H

Galera-Davidson

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Thyroid Cancer : CK(162) : AC(32), Thyroid Nodule : CK(92) : AC(11)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia

Wheat gluten may exert its adverse effects through activation of complement

(a cascade of proteins in the blood that form part of innate immunity). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 1993 Dec;94(3):539-43. PMID: 8252813

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1993

Authors : D J Unsworth, R Würzner, D L Brown, P J Lachmann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(81) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts : CK(3435) : AC(1172)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Allergy: Cow's Milk

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyasin,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Anaphylaxis

A novel wheat gliadin is the cause of exercise-induced anaphylaxis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 1):912-7. PMID: 10329828

Article Published Date : May 01, 1999

Authors : K Palosuo, H Alenius, E Varjonen, M Koivuluhta, J Mikkola, H Keskinen, N Kalkkinen, T

Reunala

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis : CK(54) : AC(15), Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3), Food Allergies 142

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Aphthous Ulcer

Recurrent aphthous ulceration responds favorably to a gluten free diet, and

may reflect undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Br Med J. 1976 Jan 3 ;1(6000):11-13. PMID: 1247715

Article Published Date : Jan 03, 1976

Authors : R Ferguson, M K Basu, P Asquith, W T Cooke

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Aphthous Ulcer : CK(131) : AC(14), Mucosa: Flattened : CK(10) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Ataxia: Dominant

There is a trend toward a higher prevalence of antigliadin antibodies in

patients with sporadic ataxia and dominant ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2003 May 27 ;60(10):1674-5. PMID: 12771263

Article Published Date : May 27, 2003

Authors : M Abele, L Schöls, S Schwartz, T Klockgether

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Dominant : CK(10) : AC(1), Ataxia: Sporadic : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Ataxia: Sporadic

There is a trend toward a higher prevalence of antigliadin antibodies in

patients with sporadic ataxia and dominant ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2003 May 27 ;60(10):1674-5. PMID: 12771263

Article Published Date : May 27, 2003

Authors : M Abele, L Schöls, S Schwartz, T Klockgether

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Dominant : CK(10) : AC(1), Ataxia: Sporadic : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyas1i4n3,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Attention Deficit Disorder

A Gluten and casein-free diet may have a therapeutic effect in autism spectrum

and attention deficit disorders. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Apr;13(2):87-100. PMID: 20406576

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2010

Authors : Paul Whiteley, Demetrious Haracopos, Ann-Mari Knivsberg, Karl Ludvig Reichelt, Sarah

Parlar, Judith Jacobsen, Anders Seim, Lennart Pedersen, Maja Schondel, Paul Shattock

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder : CK(134) : AC(12), Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity :

CK(230) : AC(32), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108)

Additional Keywords : Gluten and ADHD : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: CNS White Matter Abnormalities

Headache and CNS white matter abnormalities may be associated with gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2001 Feb 13 ;56(3):385-8. PMID: 11171906

Article Published Date : Feb 13, 2001

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, R A Grünewald, M Lawden, G A Davies-Jones, T Powell, C M Smith

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : CNS White Matter Abnormalities : CK(10) : AC(1), Headache : CK(657) : AC(72)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

144

Topic: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Celiac Disease: Early Onset

"Infants genetically susceptible to CD who are exposed to gluten early mount an

immune response against gluten and develop CD autoimmunity more frequently

than at-risk infants in which gluten exposure is delayed until 12 months of age.

" - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2012 ;7(3):e33387. Epub 2012 Mar 14. PMID: 22432018

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Maria Sellitto, Guoyun Bai, Gloria Serena, W Florian Fricke, Craig Sturgeon, Pawel Gajer,

James R White, Sara S K Koenig, Joyce Sakamoto, Dustin Boothe, Rachel Gicquelais, Deborah Kryszak,

Elaine Puppa, Carlo Catassi, Jacques Ravel, Alessio Fasano

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease: Early Onset : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Child Mortality

The global burden of childhood coeliac disease is likely a neglected component

of diarrhoeal mortality. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2011 ;6(7):e22774. Epub 2011 Jul 26. PMID: 21818388

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Peter Byass, Kathleen Kahn, Anneli Ivarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Child Mortality : CK(64) : AC(8), Diarrhea: in Children :

CK(213) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Children: Impaired Growth

165 children with atopic dermatitis were studied, a higher number of sensitized

food allergens was associated with negative effects on their growth and

nutritional status. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

145

Pubmed Data : Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2011 Jan ;3(1):53-7. Epub 2010 Nov 23. PMID: 21217926

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : Ha-Na Cho, Soyoung Hong, Soo-Hyung Lee, Hye-Yung Yum

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Substances : Peanut : CK(104) : AC(19)

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Children: Impaired Growth : CK(30) : AC(3), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity : CK(108) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Peanut : CK(31) : AC(5), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Chronic Constipation, Children

54 children suffering from chronic constipation unresponsive to therapy, were

prospectively evaluated; in this group food allergy seemed to be a significant

etiologic factor. APT was found to be useful in evaluating non-IgE allergymediated

constipation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 2011 Sep ;170(9):1173-8. Epub 2011 Feb 25. PMID: 21347849

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2011

Authors : Ekaterini I Syrigou, Constantinos Pitsios, Ioanna Panagiotou, Georgios Chouliaras, Sofia

Kitsiou, Mary Kanariou, Eleftheria Roma-Giannikou

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Chronic Constipation, Children : CK(10) : AC(1), Constipation : CK(326) : AC(37), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Atopy Patch Test : CK(10) : AC(1), Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Colitis: Collagenous

Collagenous enterocolitis represents a diffuse manifestation of gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Gastroenterol. 1992 Jul ;15(1):45-51. PMID: 1500661

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1992

Authors : T M McCashland, J P Donovan, R S Strobach, J Linder, E M Quigley

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Colitis: Collagenous : CK(20) : AC(1), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17), Inflammatory : CK(150) :

AC(37)

Topic: Constipation

54 children suffering from chronic constipation unresponsive to therapy, were

prospectively evaluated; in this group food allergy seemed to be a significant

etiologic factor. APT was found to be useful in evaluating non-IgE allergymediated

constipation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 2011 Sep ;170(9):1173-8. Epub 2011 Feb 25. PMID: 21347849

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2011

Authors : Ekaterini I Syrigou, Constantinos Pitsios, Ioanna Panagiotou, Georgios Chouliaras, Sofia

Kitsiou, Mary Kanariou, Eleftheria Roma-Giannikou

Study T ype : Human Study

146

Additional Links

Diseases : Chronic Constipation, Children : CK(10) : AC(1), Constipation : CK(326) : AC(37), Food

Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Atopy Patch Test : CK(10) : AC(1), Pediatric : CK(30) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Depression: Unipolar

Positive serum antigliadin antibodies without celiac disease have been

associated with rhematoid arthritis and depression in the elderly. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct;45(10):1197-202. PMID: 20545470

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010

Authors : Anitta Ruuskanen, Katri Kaukinen, Pekka Collin, Heini Huhtala, Raisa Valve, Markku Mäki,

Liisa Luostarinen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Celiac Disease: Diagnostic Considerations : CK(91) :

AC(8), Depression: Unipolar : CK(662) : AC(84), Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Additional Keywords : Antigliadin Antibodies (AGA) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Diarrhea: in Children

The global burden of childhood coeliac disease is likely a neglected component

of diarrhoeal mortality. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2011 ;6(7):e22774. Epub 2011 Jul 26. PMID: 21818388

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Peter Byass, Kathleen Kahn, Anneli Ivarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Child Mortality : CK(64) : AC(8), Diarrhea: in Children :

CK(213) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Enamel Defects

Enamel defects associated with coeliac disease may be due to anti-gliadin

antibodies cross-reacting with tooth enamel. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Oral Sci. 2012 Apr ;120(2):104-12. PMID: 22409216

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2012

Authors : Florencia Muñoz, Natalia Del Río, Cecilia Sóñora, Inés Tiscornia, Alicia Marco, Ana

Hernández

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Enamel Defects : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Epithelium Damage: Lymphocytic infiltration

Lymphocytic infiltration of epithelium is a common problem in dermatitis

147

herpetiformis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br Med J. 1972 Aug 12 ;3(5823):371-4. PMID: 5070159

Article Published Date : Aug 12, 1972

Authors : L Fry, P P Seah, R M McMinn, A V Hoffbrand

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Epithelium Damage: Lymphocytic infiltration :

CK(10) : AC(1), Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyasin,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Gluten sensivity may not be detectable with conventional light microscopy. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Liver Dis. 2003 Nov;35(11):768-73. PMID: 14674666

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2003

Authors : A Sbarbati, E Valletta, M Bertini, M Cipolli, M Morroni, L Pinelli, L Tatò

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage : CK(33) : AC(4), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Gluten Ataxia

"Whereas the development of anti-transglutaminase 2 IgA is linked with

gastrointestinal disease, an anti-transglutaminase 6 IgG and IgA response is

prevalent in gluten ataxia." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2008 Sep ;64(3):332-43. PMID: 18825674

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Pascale Aeschlimann, Alexander Strigun, David S Sanders, Nicola

Woodroofe, Daniel Aeschlimann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Gluten Ataxia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

148

Topic: Hepatitis: Autoimmune

There is a higher frequence of celiac disease associated antibodies in

autoimmune hepatitis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 1998 Oct;43(10):2190-5. PMID: 9790453

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 1998

Authors : U Volta, L De Franceschi, N Molinaro, F Cassani, L Muratori, M Lenzi, F B Bianchi, A J Czaja

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Hepatitis:

Autoimmune : CK(41) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Hippocampal Sclerosis

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Hypertransaminasemia

6 months of a gluten free diet result in improvements in celiac disease patients

with hypertransaminasemia liver involvement - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2012 Apr 19. Epub 2012 Apr 19. PMID: 22512436

Article Published Date : Apr 18, 2012

Authors : Sara Massironi, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Mirella Fraquelli, Maria Teresa Bardella, Luca Elli,

Marco Maggioni, Serena Della Valle, Matilde Pia Spampatti, Massimo Colombo, Dario Conte

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypertransaminasemia : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Fibrosis :

CK(341) : AC(74)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Transient Elastography (TE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Hypogammaglobulinemia

Wheat gluten may exert its adverse effects through activation of complement

(a cascade of proteins in the blood that form part of innate immunity). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 1993 Dec;94(3):539-43. PMID: 8252813

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 1993

149

Authors : D J Unsworth, R Würzner, D L Brown, P J Lachmann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(81) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Dermatitis Herpetiformis : CK(40) : AC(4), Hypogammaglobulinemia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts : CK(3435) : AC(1172)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Kidney Cancer

Bread and pasta consumption (two main sources of wheat) are associated with

increased risk for kidney cancer. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Int J Cancer. 2007 Feb 1;120(3):681-5. PMID: 17058282

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2007

Authors : Francesca Bravi, Cristina Bosetti, Lorenza Scotti, Renato Talamini, Maurizio Montella,

Valerio Ramazzotti, Eva Negri, Silvia Franceschi, Carlo La Vecchia

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Kidney Cancer : CK(120) : AC(17)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Liver Fibrosis

6 months of a gluten free diet result in improvements in celiac disease patients

with hypertransaminasemia liver involvement - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Gastroenterol. 2012 Apr 19. Epub 2012 Apr 19. PMID: 22512436

Article Published Date : Apr 18, 2012

Authors : Sara Massironi, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Mirella Fraquelli, Maria Teresa Bardella, Luca Elli,

Marco Maggioni, Serena Della Valle, Matilde Pia Spampatti, Massimo Colombo, Dario Conte

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypertransaminasemia : CK(10) : AC(1), Liver Fibrosis :

CK(341) : AC(74)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Transient Elastography (TE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Mania: Acute

Individuals with mania have significantly increased levels of IgG antibodies to

gliadin. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Psychiatry Res. 2012 Mar 2. Epub 2012 Mar 2. PMID: 22386570

Article Published Date : Mar 02, 2012

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Robert

Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Mania: Acute : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Microscopic Colitis Syndrome

150

Microscopic colitis may be caused by immunological gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Aug ;95(8):1974-82. PMID: 10950045

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2000

Authors : K D Fine, K Do, K Schulte, F Ogunji, R Guerra, L Osowski, J McCormack

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Microscopic Colitis Syndrome : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Mortality: All-Cause

Mortality from malignant neoplasms, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and digestive

system disorders were significantly higher in gluten sensitive patients

compared to the Northern Ireland population. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan 7 ;13(1):146-51. PMID: 17206762

Article Published Date : Jan 07, 2007

Authors : L A Anderson, S A McMillan, R G P Watson, P Monaghan, A T Gavin, C Fox, L J Murray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cancers: All : CK(8580) : AC(2715), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Mortality: All-

Cause : CK(644) : AC(55)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Mucosa: Flattened

Recurrent aphthous ulceration responds favorably to a gluten free diet, and

may reflect undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Br Med J. 1976 Jan 3 ;1(6000):11-13. PMID: 1247715

Article Published Date : Jan 03, 1976

Authors : R Ferguson, M K Basu, P Asquith, W T Cooke

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Aphthous Ulcer : CK(131) : AC(14), Mucosa: Flattened : CK(10) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Myocarditis: Autoimmune

Celiac disease has been associated with autoimmune myocarditis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Circulation. 2002 Jun 4;105(22):2611-8. PMID: 12045166

Article Published Date : Jun 04, 2002

Authors : Andrea Frustaci, Lucio Cuoco, Cristina Chimenti, Maurizio Pieroni, Giuseppina Fioravanti,

Nicola Gentiloni, Attilio Maseri, Giovanni Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Myocarditis: Autoimmune : CK(14) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cardiotoxic : CK(628) : AC(74)

151

Topic: Myopathies

Myopathy associated with gluten sensitivity has been demonstrated. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Muscle Nerve. 2007 Apr;35(4):443-50. PMID: 17143894

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2007

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Arup K Chattopadhyay, Richard A Grünewald, John A Jarratt, Rosalind H

Kandler, D G Rao, D S Sanders, S B Wharton, G A B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies :

CK(241) : AC(51), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Myopathies: Inflammatory

There is a high prevalance of antibodies to gliadin in patients with

inflammatory myopathies, indicating a higher prevalance of gluten sensitivity

or celiac disease in this patient group. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:174-9. PMID: 19758147

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Hedi Orbach, Nimrod Amitai, Ori Barzilai, Mona Boaz, Maya Ram, Gisele Zandman-Goddard,

Yehuda Shoenfeld

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Myopathies:

Inflammatory : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Nervous System Diseases

Gluten sensitivity is is common in patients with neurological disease of

unknown cause and may have etiological significance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1996 Feb 10;347(8998):369-71. PMID: 8598704

Article Published Date : Feb 10, 1996

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, A Gibson, G A Davies-Jones, A J Lobo, T J Stephenson, A Milford-Ward

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Nervous System Diseases : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Neurological Illness: GAD antibody-associated

There is a link between gluten sensitivity and GAD antibody-associated

diseases, e.g. Stiff-Person Syndrome (SPS). - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2011 Mar;123(3):175-180. PMID: 20456245

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D Aeschlimann, R A Grünewald, D S Sanders, B Sharrack, N Woodroofe

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Neurological Illness: GAD antibody-associated :

152

CK(10) : AC(1), Stiff-Person Syndrome : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Nightshade Foods Intolerance

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyasin,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Pregnancy: Prevention of Problems

803 pregnant women's dietary patterns were compared; women in the 'wheat

products' dietary pattern had higher odds of having a small-for-gestational-age

infant (according to weight not birth length or head circumference.) - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 2012 May ;107(10):1526-33. Epub 2011 Sep 20. PMID: 21929833

Article Published Date : Apr 30, 2012

Authors : Hitomi Okubo, Yoshihiro Miyake, Satoshi Sasaki, Keiko Tanaka, Kentaro Murakami, Yoshio

Hirota,

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Pregnancy: Prevention of Problems : CK(40) : AC(4), Small-for-gestational-age infant : CK(10)

: AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Maternal Dietary Patterns : CK(10) : AC(1), Pregnancy And Fetal Growth : CK(10)

: AC(1)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Small-for-gestational-age infant

803 pregnant women's dietary patterns were compared; women in the 'wheat

products' dietary pattern had higher odds of having a small-for-gestational-age

infant (according to weight not birth length or head circumference.) - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 2012 May ;107(10):1526-33. Epub 2011 Sep 20. PMID: 21929833

Article Published Date : Apr 30, 2012

Authors : Hitomi Okubo, Yoshihiro Miyake, Satoshi Sasaki, Keiko Tanaka, Kentaro Murakami, Yoshio

Hirota,

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Pregnancy: Prevention of Problems : CK(40) : AC(4), Small-for-gestational-age infant : CK(10)

: AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Maternal Dietary Patterns : CK(10) : AC(1), Pregnancy And Fetal Growth : CK(10)

153

: AC(1)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2

Antigliadin antibodies are found at a higher prevalence in Cuban patients with

spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Mar ;79(3):315-7. Epub 2007 Oct 19. PMID:

17951282

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2008

Authors : L E Almaguer-Mederos, Y R Almira, E M Góngora, D A Gotay, Y G Zaldivar, R E Pupo, G S Cruz,

J M Brown, D C Almarales, L V Pérez

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Stiff-Person Syndrome

There is a link between gluten sensitivity and GAD antibody-associated

diseases, e.g. Stiff-Person Syndrome (SPS). - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2011 Mar;123(3):175-180. PMID: 20456245

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D Aeschlimann, R A Grünewald, D S Sanders, B Sharrack, N Woodroofe

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Neurological Illness: GAD antibody-associated :

CK(10) : AC(1), Stiff-Person Syndrome : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Stomatitis: Aphthous

Those with aphthous stomatitis may respond favorably to gluten withdrawal. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 1981 Aug ;26(8):737-40. PMID: 7261838

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 1981

Authors : D Wray

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Stomatitis: Aphthous : CK(51) : AC(6)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE)

Hippocampal sclerosis in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with

gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Jun;80(6):626-30. Epub 2009 Feb 24. PMID:

19244266

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

154

Authors : M Peltola, K Kaukinen, P Dastidar, K Haimila, J Partanen, A-M Haapala, M Mäki, T Keränen, J

Peltola

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain Injury: Hippocampal Damage : CK(35) : AC(16), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) :

AC(246), Hippocampal Sclerosis : CK(10) : AC(1), Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Thyroid Neoplasms

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A bind to benign and malignant

thyroid nodules. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1989 Feb;113(2):186-9. PMID: 2916907

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1989

Authors : H Sasano, M Rojas, S G Silverberg

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Thyroid Cancer : CK(162) : AC(32), Thyroid Neoplasms : CK(11) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ

Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Turner Syndrome

Intolerance to wheat (CD autoantibodies) is higher than background rates in

those with Turner syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 May;156(2):205-10. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19298606

Article Published Date : May 01, 2009

Authors : K H Mortensen, L Cleemann, B E Hjerrild, E Nexo, H Locht, E M Jeppesen, C H Gravholt

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes

Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78), Turner Syndrome : CK(10) :

AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: Urinary Stone Disease

Patients with biopsy-verified coeliac disease are at moderately increased risk of

urinary stone disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Feb ;35(4):477-84. Epub 2012 Jan 4. PMID: 22221254

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2012

Authors : J F Ludvigsson, F Zingone, M Fored, C Ciacci, M Cirillo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Urinary Stone Disease : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Kidney Diseases

155

Renal complications can occur as a result of celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Indian J Pediatr. 2011 Jul 9. Epub 2011 Jul 9. PMID: 21744127

Article Published Date : Jul 09, 2011

Authors : Mukta Mantan, Dhulika Dhingra, Gulshan Rai Sethi

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten and its lectin-like fraction gliadin contribute to experimental IgA

glumerulopathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Invest. 1989 Apr;60(4):499-506. PMID: 2709812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1989

Authors : R Coppo, G Mazzucco, G Martina, D Roccatello, A Amore, R Novara, A Bargoni, G Piccoli, L M

Sena

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glomerulonephritis : CK(41) : AC(9), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion

Gluten exorphins alter serum prolactin levels in male rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Feb;7(1):53-5. PMID: 15085559

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2004

Authors : G Fanciulli, A Dettori, M P Demontis, V Anania, G Delitala

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Male Hormone Imbalances : CK(14) : AC(3), Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion : CK(4) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Food Drugs : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81)

Intravenous administration of the food-derived opioid peptide gluten exorphin

B5 stimulates prolactin secretion in rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pharmacol Res. 2003 Jan ;47(1):53-8. PMID: 12526862

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Giuseppe Fanciulli, Alessandra Dettori, Emma Fenude, Maria Piera Demontis, Elisabetta

Alberico, Giuseppe Delitala, Vittorio Anania

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion : CK(4) : AC(1), Prolactin Hypersecretion Syndrome : CK(4)

: AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Topic: Anemia

CD: GFD provides drug free control of seizures and helps correct other features

of malabsorption like hypocalcaemia and anaemia - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Assoc Physicians India. 2010 Aug ;58:512-5. PMID: 21189704

156

Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2010

Authors : Vashishth P Maniar, Sameer S Yadav, Yojana A Gokhale

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anemia : CK(89) : AC(12), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypocalcemia : CK(7) : AC(3),

Seizures : CK(122) : AC(28)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Conjunctival Tumor

Regression of conjunctival tumor in celiac disease patient attributed to

glutenfree diet. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep-Oct;58(5):433-4. PMID: 20689203

Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2010

Authors : Samuray Tuncer, Baris Yeniad, Gonul Peksayar

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Conjunctival Tumor : CK(3) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary

Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) :

AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Ectopic Calcification

Celiac disease with multiple foci of calcification in the spleen has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Indian J Pediatr. 2010 Dec 3. Epub 2010 Dec 3. PMID: 21128017

Article Published Date : Dec 03, 2010

Authors : Anu Maheshwari, Satinder Aneja, Praveen Kumar, Shreshtha Banga

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Ectopic Calcification : CK(792) : AC(113), Splenic

Calcifications : CK(3) : AC(1), Splenic Diseases : CK(15) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Encephalopathies

Gluten encephalopathy with psychiatric onset has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2009;5:16. Epub 2009 Jun 26. PMID: 19558661

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Nicola Poloni, Simone Vender, Emilio Bolla, Paola Bortolaso, Chiara Costantini, Camilla

Callegari

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Encephalopathies : CK(11) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Polyneuropathies :

CK(38) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

157

Topic: Glomerulonephritis

Gluten and its lectin-like fraction gliadin contribute to experimental IgA

glumerulopathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Invest. 1989 Apr;60(4):499-506. PMID: 2709812

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1989

Authors : R Coppo, G Mazzucco, G Martina, D Roccatello, A Amore, R Novara, A Bargoni, G Piccoli, L M

Sena

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glomerulonephritis : CK(41) : AC(9), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22), Kidney Diseases : CK(424) : AC(71)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Topic: Hypocalcemia

CD: GFD provides drug free control of seizures and helps correct other features

of malabsorption like hypocalcaemia and anaemia - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Assoc Physicians India. 2010 Aug ;58:512-5. PMID: 21189704

Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2010

Authors : Vashishth P Maniar, Sameer S Yadav, Yojana A Gokhale

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anemia : CK(89) : AC(12), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypocalcemia : CK(7) : AC(3),

Seizures : CK(122) : AC(28)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Neuromyelitis Optica

Benign neuromyeltitis optica has been linked to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol. 2009 Aug 18. Epub 2009 Aug 18. PMID: 21473007

Article Published Date : Aug 18, 2009

Authors : R Bergamaschi, S Jarius, M Robotti, A Pichiecchio, B Wildemann, G Meola

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Neuromyelitis Optica : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Gluten sensitivity presenting as neuromyelitis optica has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Jul ;76(7):1028-30. PMID: 15965221

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2005

Authors : S Jacob, M Zarei, A Kenton, H Allroggen

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Neuromyelitis Optica : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Pituitary Diseases

158

Opioid peptides derived from wheat gluten has an effect on pituitary function

when administered intraperitoneally. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 2002 Oct 4;71(20):2383-90. PMID: 12231399

Article Published Date : Oct 04, 2002

Authors : Giuseppe Fanciulli, Alessandra Dettori, Paolo A Tomasi, Maria Piera Demontis, Silvia

Gianorso, Vittorio Anania, Giuseppe Delitala

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Pituitary Diseases : CK(3) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10), Wheat :

CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Polyneuropathies

Gluten encephalopathy with psychiatric onset has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2009;5:16. Epub 2009 Jun 26. PMID: 19558661

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Nicola Poloni, Simone Vender, Emilio Bolla, Paola Bortolaso, Chiara Costantini, Camilla

Callegari

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Encephalopathies : CK(11) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Polyneuropathies :

CK(38) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Prolactin Hypersecretion Syndrome

Gluten exorphin B5 enhances prolactin secretion in male rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 2005 Feb 25;76(15):1713-9. Epub 2004 Dec 20. PMID: 15698850

Article Published Date : Feb 25, 2005

Authors : Giuseppe Fanciulli, Alessandra Dettori, Maria P Demontis, Paolo A Tomasi, Vittorio Anania,

Giuseppe Delitala

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gynecomastia : CK(60) : AC(14), Prolactin Hypersecretion Syndrome : CK(4) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Exorphin B5 : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Intravenous administration of the food-derived opioid peptide gluten exorphin

B5 stimulates prolactin secretion in rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pharmacol Res. 2003 Jan ;47(1):53-8. PMID: 12526862

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : Giuseppe Fanciulli, Alessandra Dettori, Emma Fenude, Maria Piera Demontis, Elisabetta

Alberico, Giuseppe Delitala, Vittorio Anania

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion : CK(4) : AC(1), Prolactin Hypersecretion Syndrome : CK(4)

: AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Topic: Seizures

159

CD: GFD provides drug free control of seizures and helps correct other features

of malabsorption like hypocalcaemia and anaemia - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Assoc Physicians India. 2010 Aug ;58:512-5. PMID: 21189704

Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2010

Authors : Vashishth P Maniar, Sameer S Yadav, Yojana A Gokhale

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anemia : CK(89) : AC(12), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypocalcemia : CK(7) : AC(3),

Seizures : CK(122) : AC(28)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Splenic Calcifications

Celiac disease with multiple foci of calcification in the spleen has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Indian J Pediatr. 2010 Dec 3. Epub 2010 Dec 3. PMID: 21128017

Article Published Date : Dec 03, 2010

Authors : Anu Maheshwari, Satinder Aneja, Praveen Kumar, Shreshtha Banga

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Ectopic Calcification : CK(792) : AC(113), Splenic

Calcifications : CK(3) : AC(1), Splenic Diseases : CK(15) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Splenic Diseases

Celiac disease with multiple foci of calcification in the spleen has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Indian J Pediatr. 2010 Dec 3. Epub 2010 Dec 3. PMID: 21128017

Article Published Date : Dec 03, 2010

Authors : Anu Maheshwari, Satinder Aneja, Praveen Kumar, Shreshtha Banga

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Ectopic Calcification : CK(792) : AC(113), Splenic

Calcifications : CK(3) : AC(1), Splenic Diseases : CK(15) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Gluten sensitivity has been mistaken for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Nov ;63(11):1501-3. PMID: 15479903

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2004

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, M Akil

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Systemic Lupus

Erythematosus : CK(387) : AC(54), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

160

Topic: Urticaria

Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin Emediated

food allergy. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011 ;21(1):73-5. PMID: 21370728

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : S Sánchez-García, M D Ibáñez, M J Martinez-Gómez, C Escudero, A Vereda, M Fernández-

Rodríguez, P Rodríguez del Río

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated : CK(3) : AC(1), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

IgA, intestinal biopsy point to link between cold urticaria and celiac disease in

high-risk HLA types - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2008 ;18(2):123-5. PMID: 18447142

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2007

Authors : M Pedrosa Delgado, F Martín Muñoz, I Polanco Allué, M Martín Esteban

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Substances : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(3) : AC(1)

Diseases : Asthma : CK(857) : AC(134), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

Additional Keywords : Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8),

Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Immune Disorders: Low Immune Function

Leukocyte migration was inhibited by the wheat-derived peptides in celiac

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neuropeptides. 1987 Feb-Mar;9(2):113-22. PMID: 3033541

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1987

Authors : L Graf, K Horvath, E Walcz, I Berzetei, J Burnier

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Immune Disorders: Low Immune Function : CK(488) :

AC(115)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunosuppressive : CK(143) : AC(23)

Topic: Enteropathy

Gliadin triggered insulinitis in type 1 diabetes associated with celiac disease -

GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2011 Oct 15 ;187(8):4338-46. Epub 2011 Sep 12. PMID: 21911598

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2011

Authors : Heather J Galipeau, Nestor E Rulli, Jennifer Jury, Xianxi Huang, Romina Araya, Joseph A

Murray, Chella S David, Fernando G Chirdo, Kathy D McCoy, Elena F Verdu

Study T ype : Animal Study

161

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Enteropathy : CK(28) : AC(4), Insulinitis : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Gluten-sensitive enteropathy has been observed in a cynomolgus monkey. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Lab Anim Sci. 1988 Oct ;38(5):592-4. PMID: 3193752

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 1988

Authors : J D Wagner, C P Jerome, M R Adams

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Enteropathy : CK(28) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Insulin: Elevated

Gluten exorphin modulate pancreatic endocrine function by stimulating insulin

release. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 1995;57(7):729-34. PMID: 7637543

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1995

Authors : S Fukudome, A Shimatsu, H Suganuma, M Yoshikawa

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41), Insulin Disorders : CK(15) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor: Pancreas : CK(4) : AC(2)

Gluten exorphins have an effect on plasma insulin and glucagon levels in dogs. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes. 1981 Apr ;30(4):362-4. PMID: 7009280

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1981

Authors : V Schusdziarra, I Henrichs, A Holland, M Klier, E F Pfeiffer

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glucagon: Excess Secretion : CK(2) : AC(1), Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81), Endocrine Disruptor:

Insulin Resistance : CK(152) : AC(31)

Topic: Male Hormone Imbalances

Gluten exorphins alter serum prolactin levels in male rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Feb;7(1):53-5. PMID: 15085559

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2004

Authors : G Fanciulli, A Dettori, M P Demontis, V Anania, G Delitala

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Male Hormone Imbalances : CK(14) : AC(3), Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion : CK(4) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Food Drugs : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81)

Topic: Asthma 162

IgA, intestinal biopsy point to link between cold urticaria and celiac disease in

high-risk HLA types - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2008 ;18(2):123-5. PMID: 18447142

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2007

Authors : M Pedrosa Delgado, F Martín Muñoz, I Polanco Allué, M Martín Esteban

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Substances : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(3) : AC(1)

Diseases : Asthma : CK(857) : AC(134), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

Additional Keywords : Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8),

Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Demyelinating Diseases

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin bind to peripheral nerve fibres

such as myelin in an animal model. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Histochem J. 1996 Jan;28(1):7-12. PMID: 8866643

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1996

Authors : S Dolapchieva

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Demyelinating Diseases : CK(1278) : AC(250)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ

Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Gluten toxicity may express itself in demyelinating diseases. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Clin (Barc). 2012 Sep 18. Epub 2012 Sep 18. PMID: 22998972

Article Published Date : Sep 17, 2012

Authors : Carlos Hernández-Lahoz, Luis Rodrigo

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Demyelinating Diseases : CK(1278) : AC(250)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2

A Glutenfree diet improves osteogenesis imperfecta associated with celiac

disease and type II diabetes - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Case Report Med. 2012 ;2012:813461. Epub 2012 Mar 5. PMID: 22481956

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2011

Authors : Luis Rodrigo, Isabel Pérez-Martinez

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 : CK(3229) : AC(328),

Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72), Osteogenesis Imperfecta : CK(3) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Multiple Fractures : CK(3) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

163

Topic: Facial Palsy

Gluten-related recurrent peripheral facial palsy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Mar 1. Epub 2012 Mar 1. PMID: 22383733

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Fioravante Capone, Anna Paola Batocchi, Giovanni Cammarota, Fabio Pilato, Paolo Profice,

Vincenzo Di Lazzaro

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Facial Palsy : CK(3) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications poorly responsive to antiepileptic

treatment have been reported significantly improved with folic acid and a

gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 May;80(5):559-62. PMID: 1908173

Article Published Date : May 01, 1991

Authors : A Ventura, F Bouquet, C Sartorelli, E Barbi, G Torre, G Tommasini

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3), Folic Acid/Folate Deficiency :

CK(13) : AC(2)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated

Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin Emediated

food allergy. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011 ;21(1):73-5. PMID: 21370728

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2010

Authors : S Sánchez-García, M D Ibáñez, M J Martinez-Gómez, C Escudero, A Vereda, M Fernández-

Rodríguez, P Rodríguez del Río

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Eosinophilic esophagitis : CK(66) : AC(5), Food Allergies

: CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergy: Immunoglobulin E-mediated : CK(3) : AC(1), Urticaria : CK(130) : AC(8)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Gastrointestinal Diseases

Wheat lectin may be responsible for contributing to intestinal disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 1982 May;82(5 Pt 1):838-48. PMID: 6895878

Article Published Date : May 01, 1982

Authors : V Lorenzsonn, W A Olsen

Study T ype : Animal Study

164

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Diseases : CK(38) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Wheat lectin exhibits inflammatory and permeability-inducing effects on the

human gastrointestinal lining at nanomolar concentrations via the stimulation

of immune cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Jun 1;237(2):146-53. Epub 2009 Mar 28. PMID: 19332085

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009

Authors : Chiara Dalla Pellegrina, Omar Perbellini, Maria Teresa Scupoli, Carlo Tomelleri, Chiara

Zanetti, Gianni Zoccatelli, Marina Fusi, Angelo Peruffo, Corrado Rizzi, Roberto Chignola

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Diseases : CK(38) : AC(14)

Problem Substances : Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Hydronephrosis

"A child with atypical celiac disease and recurrent urolithiasis." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Kidney Dis. 2012 Mar ;6(2):146-8. PMID: 22388615

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Eric L Yarnell

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Hydronephrosis : CK(3) : AC(1), Kidney Stones : CK(157) : AC(28), Urolithiasis : CK(8) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

Topic: Hyperamylasemia

Hyperamylasemia due to macroamylasemia in adult gluten enteropathy has

been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1997 May ;57(3):271-3. PMID: 9238763

Article Published Date : May 01, 1997

Authors : G Bonetti, G Serricchio, A Giudici, M Bettonagli, G B Vadacca, R Bruno, E Coslovich, R Moratti

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hyperamylasemia : CK(3) : AC(1), Macroamylasemia :

CK(19) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Insulin Disorders

Gluten exorphin modulate pancreatic endocrine function by stimulating insulin

release. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 1995;57(7):729-34. PMID: 7637543

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1995

Authors : S Fukudome, A Shimatsu, H Suganuma, M Yoshikawa

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41), Insulin Disorders : CK(15) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

165

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor: Pancreas : CK(4) : AC(2)

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A exhibit insulin-mimetic

properties. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Apr;254(1):110-5. PMID: 3555340

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1987

Authors : J L Messina, J Hamlin, J Larner

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Hyperinsulinism : CK(1182) : AC(41), Insulin Disorders : CK(15) : AC(4), Insulin Resistance :

CK(986) : AC(212)

Additional Keywords : Insulin Mimetic : CK(3) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Kidney Stones

"A child with atypical celiac disease and recurrent urolithiasis." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Kidney Dis. 2012 Mar ;6(2):146-8. PMID: 22388615

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Eric L Yarnell

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Hydronephrosis : CK(3) : AC(1), Kidney Stones : CK(157) : AC(28), Urolithiasis : CK(8) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

Topic: Malabsorption Syndrome

A case of malabsorption and macroamylasemia reponding positvely to gluten

withdrawal has been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Med. 1980 Sep ;69(3):451-7. PMID: 6158266

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1980

Authors : H J Hodgson, K B Whitaker, B T Cooper, J H Baron, H G Freeman, D W Moss, V S Chadwick

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Macroamylasemia : CK(19) : AC(1), Malabsorption Syndrome : CK(34) : AC(11)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Opiate Addiction/Withdrawal

Wheat gluten contains opioid peptides. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : FEBS Lett. 1992 Jan 13;296(1):107-11. PMID: 1309704

Article Published Date : Jan 13, 1992

Authors : S Fukudome, M Yoshikawa

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Opiate Addiction/Withdrawal : CK(55) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Food Drugs : CK(4) : AC(2), Opioid-Like Activity : CK(5) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10), Wheat :

CK(2371) : AC(280)

166

Topic: Osteogenesis Imperfecta

A Glutenfree diet improves osteogenesis imperfecta associated with celiac

disease and type II diabetes - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Case Report Med. 2012 ;2012:813461. Epub 2012 Mar 5. PMID: 22481956

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2011

Authors : Luis Rodrigo, Isabel Pérez-Martinez

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 : CK(3229) : AC(328),

Diarrhea : CK(549) : AC(72), Osteogenesis Imperfecta : CK(3) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Multiple Fractures : CK(3) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Osteomalacia

Calcium, Vitamin D and a Gluten-Free diet decreased bone pain and improved

muscle strength. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Arch Osteoporos. 2011 Dec ;6(1-2):209-213. Epub 2011 Jun 15. PMID: 22207878

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2011

Authors : Noortje M Rabelink, Hans M Westgeest, Nathalie Bravenboer, Maarten A J M Jacobs, Paul Lips

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Substances : Calcium : CK(232) : AC(35), Vitamin D : CK(1640) : AC(238)

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Osteomalacia : CK(37) : AC(5), Osteoporosis : CK(1136) :

AC(205)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Osteopenia

Celiac disease presenting as severe osteopenia has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Hawaii Med J. 2011 Nov ;70(11):242-4. PMID: 22162604

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2011

Authors : Christopher J Mulder, Anthony P Cardile, Judith Dickert

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Osteopenia :

CK(207) : AC(41), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Osteoporosis

Calcium, Vitamin D and a Gluten-Free diet decreased bone pain and improved

muscle strength. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Arch Osteoporos. 2011 Dec ;6(1-2):209-213. Epub 2011 Jun 15. PMID: 22207878

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2011

167

Authors : Noortje M Rabelink, Hans M Westgeest, Nathalie Bravenboer, Maarten A J M Jacobs, Paul Lips

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Substances : Calcium : CK(232) : AC(35), Vitamin D : CK(1640) : AC(238)

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Osteomalacia : CK(37) : AC(5), Osteoporosis : CK(1136) :

AC(205)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Parathyroid Diseases

Parathyroid adenoma connected with untreated coeliac disease has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Endokrynol Pol. 2012 ;63(1):56-8. PMID: 22378099

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Inan Anaforoglu, Kerem Ersoy, Ekrem Algun

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Parathyroid adenoma : CK(3) : AC(1), Parathyroid Diseases : CK(13) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Parathyroid adenoma

Parathyroid adenoma connected with untreated coeliac disease has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Endokrynol Pol. 2012 ;63(1):56-8. PMID: 22378099

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Inan Anaforoglu, Kerem Ersoy, Ekrem Algun

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Parathyroid adenoma : CK(3) : AC(1), Parathyroid Diseases : CK(13) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Stroke

Celiac disease can be associated with cerebral venous thrombosis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Mal Vasc. 2005 Sep;30(4 Pt 1):228-30. PMID: 16292200

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2005

Authors : M Bahloul, A Chaari, N Khlaf-Bouaziz, H Kallel, L Chaari, C Ben Hamida, H Chelly, N Rekik, M

Bouaziz

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Stroke : CK(540) : AC(47), Thrombosis : CK(657) : AC(74)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Thrombosis

Celiac disease can be associated with cerebral venous thrombosis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Mal Vasc. 2005 Sep;30(4 Pt 1):228-30. PMID: 16292200

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2005 168

Authors : M Bahloul, A Chaari, N Khlaf-Bouaziz, H Kallel, L Chaari, C Ben Hamida, H Chelly, N Rekik, M

Bouaziz

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Stroke : CK(540) : AC(47), Thrombosis : CK(657) : AC(74)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Tremor

Progressive ataxia with palatal tremor due to gluten sensitivity has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2012 Jan ;27(1):62-3. PMID: 22252893

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Ammar Kheder, Stuart Currie, Charles Romanowski, Marios Hadjivassiliou

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Tremor : CK(39) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Urolithiasis

"A child with atypical celiac disease and recurrent urolithiasis." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Kidney Dis. 2012 Mar ;6(2):146-8. PMID: 22388615

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Eric L Yarnell

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Hydronephrosis : CK(3) : AC(1), Kidney Stones : CK(157) : AC(28), Urolithiasis : CK(8) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

Topic: Uveitis

Gluten-free diet effective in celiac disease related uveitis - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Rheumatol Int. 2011 Mar ;31(3):399-402. Epub 2009 Oct 14. PMID: 19826819

Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2011

Authors : Karin Klack, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Jozélio Freire de Carvalho

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Uveitis : CK(63) : AC(9)

Additional Keywords : Uveitis : CK(63) : AC(9)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: A1C

Whole grains do not appear to have long term benefits in the prevention of type

2 diabetes, and wheat increases hemoglobin glycation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 2011 Jun 30:1-10. Epub 2011 Jun 30. PMID: 21733309

Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2011

Authors : O Vaarala, M Knip, J Paronen, A M Hämäläinen, P Muona, M Väätäinen, J Ilonen, O Simell, H K

Akerblom

169

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : A1C : CK(267) : AC(35), Diabetes: Glycation/A1C : CK(220) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Allergies

Gluten intolerance gives rise to a variety of dermatological manifestations

which may benefit from a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Dermatol. 2006 Jan-Feb;16(1):4-11. PMID: 16436335

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006

Authors : Philippe Humbert, Fabien Pelletier, Brigitte Dreno, Eve Puzenat, François Aubin

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergies : CK(502) : AC(92), Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Gluten Intolerance :

CK(236) : AC(33), Psoriasis : CK(270) : AC(42)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Blood-Brain-Barrier Disorders

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) enhances the passage of native horseradish

peroxidase enzyme (HRP) approximately 10 times more rapidly than HRP alone.

- GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurochem. 1994 Jun;62(6):2404-19. PMID: 7514652

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 1994

Authors : W A Banks, R D Broadwell

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Blood-Brain-Barrier Disorders : CK(25) : AC(15)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) enters through the blood-brain-barrier through

adsorptive endocytosis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):632-6. PMID: 2448779

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1988

Authors : R D Broadwell, B J Balin, M Salcman

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Blood-Brain-Barrier Disorders : CK(25) : AC(15)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Diabetes: Glycation/A1C

Whole grains do not appear to have long term benefits in the prevention of type

2 diabetes, and wheat increases hemoglobin glycation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 2011 Jun 30:1-10. Epub 2011 Jun 30. PMID: 21733309

Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2011

Authors : O Vaarala, M Knip, J Paronen, A M Hämäläinen, P Muona, M Väätäinen, J Ilonen, O Simell, H K

Akerblom

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : A1C : CK(267) : AC(35), Diabetes: Glycation/A1C : CK(220) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

170

Topic: Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate

Dietary cereals contribute to intestinal permeability in experimental

enteropathy in rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gut. 1983 Sep ;24(9):825-30. PMID: 6411526

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1983

Authors : J S Sandhu, D R Fraser

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate : CK(30) : AC(13), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Grains : CK(27) : AC(8)

Topic: Glucagon: Excess Secretion

Gluten exorphins have an effect on plasma insulin and glucagon levels in dogs. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes. 1981 Apr ;30(4):362-4. PMID: 7009280

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1981

Authors : V Schusdziarra, I Henrichs, A Holland, M Klier, E F Pfeiffer

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glucagon: Excess Secretion : CK(2) : AC(1), Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81), Endocrine Disruptor:

Insulin Resistance : CK(152) : AC(31)

Topic: Gluten Enteropathy

Bifidobacterium longum administered to rats fed gliadins seemed to

ameliorate the inflammation caused by gliadin feeding alone - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Proteomics. 2012 Sep 27. Epub 2012 Sep 27. PMID: 23023000

Article Published Date : Sep 26, 2012

Authors : Marta Olivares, Moisés Laparra, Yolanda Sanz

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Bifidobacterium Longum : CK(66) : AC(8)

Diseases : Bifidobacterium Longum : CK(66) : AC(8), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Gynecomastia

Gluten exorphin B5 enhances prolactin secretion in male rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 2005 Feb 25;76(15):1713-9. Epub 2004 Dec 20. PMID: 15698850

Article Published Date : Feb 25, 2005

Authors : Giuseppe Fanciulli, Alessandra Dettori, Maria P Demontis, Paolo A Tomasi, Vittorio Anania,

Giuseppe Delitala

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gynecomastia : CK(60) : AC(14), Prolactin Hypersecretion Syndrome : CK(4) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Exorphin B5 : CK(2) : AC(1)

171

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: HPA Axis Dysregulation

Wheat, rye, and barley proteins may act as aids to carcinogens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Med Hypotheses. 1997 Sep;49(3):285-8. PMID: 9293475

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 1997

Authors : R Hoggan

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), HPA Axis Dysregulation : CK(69) : AC(11), Intestinal

Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56), Lymphoma : CK(225) : AC(68)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10), Grains : CK(27) :

AC(8), Rye : CK(12) : AC(3), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Inflammation

Dietary gluten alters the balance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory

cytokines in T cells of BALB/c mice, indicating that gluten may contribute to

increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Immunology. 2012 Aug 22. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID: 22913724

Article Published Date : Aug 21, 2012

Authors : Julie C Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention :

CK(163) : AC(24), Inflammation : CK(1014) : AC(348)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Topic: Insulinitis

Gliadin triggered insulinitis in type 1 diabetes associated with celiac disease -

GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2011 Oct 15 ;187(8):4338-46. Epub 2011 Sep 12. PMID: 21911598

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2011

Authors : Heather J Galipeau, Nestor E Rulli, Jennifer Jury, Xianxi Huang, Romina Araya, Joseph A

Murray, Chella S David, Fernando G Chirdo, Kathy D McCoy, Elena F Verdu

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221),

Enteropathy : CK(28) : AC(4), Insulinitis : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Topic: Low Immune Function: Thymus Dysfunction

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) exhibits anti-nutritive properties, e.g.

hypertrophic growth of the pancreas and thymus atrophy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 1993 Jul;70(1):313-21. PMID: 8399111

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1993

Authors : A Pusztai, S W Ewen, G Grant, D S Brown, J C Stewart, W J Peumans, E J Van Damme,1 S72 Bardocz

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Low Immune Function: Thymus Dysfunction : CK(19) : AC(6), Thymus Atrophy : CK(2) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36), Lectins As Insecticides : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Serotonin Disorders

Zein, casein and gluten down-regulate tryptophan production in the rat brain. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Physiol Behav. 2009 Aug 4 ;98(1-2):156-62. Epub 2009 May 18. PMID: 19454292

Article Published Date : Aug 04, 2009

Authors : Sujean Choi, Briana Disilvio, Madelyn H Fernstrom, John D Fernstrom

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Serotonin Disorders : CK(17) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Zein : CK(2) : AC(1)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Serotonin Down-Regulation : CK(2) : AC(1)

Topic: Thymus Atrophy

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) exhibits anti-nutritive properties, e.g.

hypertrophic growth of the pancreas and thymus atrophy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Br J Nutr. 1993 Jul;70(1):313-21. PMID: 8399111

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1993

Authors : A Pusztai, S W Ewen, G Grant, D S Brown, J C Stewart, W J Peumans, E J Van Damme, S Bardocz

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Low Immune Function: Thymus Dysfunction : CK(19) : AC(6), Thymus Atrophy : CK(2) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36), Lectins As Insecticides : CK(2) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Ataxia: Idiopathic

"It has been proposed that idiopathic ataxias and central nervous system white

matter disease are gluten-sensitive syndromes." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Curr Opin Neurol. 2002 Oct ;15(5):519-23. PMID: 12351994

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Adrian J Wills, David J Unsworth

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Idiopathic : CK(11) : AC(2), Neurologic Disorders : CK(63) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Brain: Microglial Activation

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) lectin has neuromodulatory effects. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Glia. 1999 Jul;27(1):53-61. PMID: 10401632

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1999

Authors : G M Liuzzi, M P Santacroce, W J Peumans, E J Van Damme, B Dubois, G Opdenakker, 1P7 3Riccio

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Brain: Microglial Activation : CK(67) : AC(38)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Breast Cancer

Chitin hydrolysate and to a lesser degree WGA stimulate VEGF-C synthesis in

breast cancer cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cell Biol Int. 2011 Mar 1;35(3):281-6. PMID: 21029043

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : Alexander V Timoshenko

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Breast Cancer : CK(2125) : AC(566)

Problem Substances : Chitin Hydrolysate : CK(1) : AC(1), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) :

AC(39)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C Up-Regulation : CK(1) :

AC(1)

Topic: Chorea

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Clotting

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A) stimulate platelet

aggregation. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Biochemistry (Mosc). 1998 Jun;63(6):710-8. PMID: 9668212

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 1998

Authors : I V Smirnova, S G Khaspekova, V V Ignatov, A V Mazurov

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Clotting : CK(177) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Dementia

Celiac disease should be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of neurological

dysfunction of unknown cause, including ataxia, epilepsy and dementia. - GMI

Summary

174

Pubmed Data : Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Dec ;62(4):969-72. Epub 2004 Dec 15. PMID: 15608953

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2004

Authors : José Ibiapina Siqueira Neto, Ana Carolina Leite Vieira Costa, Francisco George Magalhães,

Gisele Sampaio Silva

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Dementia : CK(225) : AC(31),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Food Poisoning

Ochratoxin A contamination poses a risk in wheat and corn bread. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Int J Food Microbiol. 2008 Oct 31;127(3):284-9. Epub 2008 Jul 23. PMID: 18775579

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2008

Authors : C Juan, A Pena, C Lino, J C Moltó, J Mañes

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Poisoning : CK(11) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Corn : CK(14) : AC(4), Ochratoxin A : CK(1) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Topic: Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Huntington Disease

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Hyperinsulinism

175

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A exhibit insulin-mimetic

properties. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Apr;254(1):110-5. PMID: 3555340

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1987

Authors : J L Messina, J Hamlin, J Larner

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Hyperinsulinism : CK(1182) : AC(41), Insulin Disorders : CK(15) : AC(4), Insulin Resistance :

CK(986) : AC(212)

Additional Keywords : Insulin Mimetic : CK(3) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Insulin Resistance

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A exhibit insulin-mimetic

properties. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Apr;254(1):110-5. PMID: 3555340

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1987

Authors : J L Messina, J Hamlin, J Larner

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Hyperinsulinism : CK(1182) : AC(41), Insulin Disorders : CK(15) : AC(4), Insulin Resistance :

CK(986) : AC(212)

Additional Keywords : Insulin Mimetic : CK(3) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Concanavalin A : CK(17) : AC(6), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Lane-Hamilton syndrome

Lane-Hamilton syndrome (LHS) as combined idiopathic pulmonary

haemosiderosis (IPH) and celiac disease (CD) benefit from glutenfree diet - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Pediatr. 2011 Dec ;170(12):1597-602. Epub 2011 Sep 23. PMID: 21947219

Article Published Date : Nov 30, 2011

Authors : Guy F M Hendrickx, Katia Somers, Yvan Vandenplas

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Lane-Hamilton syndrome : CK(10) : AC(1)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary

Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) :

AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten Free : CK(208) : AC(29), Dietary Modification: Wheat/Gluten

Free : CK(208) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Lectin-Induced Toxicity

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) may be responsible for the crypt hyperplasia

found in celiac children due to a mitogenic response induced by wheat germ

agglutin (WGA). - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1995 May;6(2):98-102. PMID: 7581728

Article Published Date : May 01, 1995

Authors : K Fälth-Magnusson, K E Magnusson

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links 176

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Lectin-Induced Toxicity : CK(5) : AC(4)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269), Epidermal Growth Factor Mimetic

: CK(1) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Miscarriage

Recurrent miscarriages may be due to undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Recenti Prog Med. 2000 Feb;91(2):72-5. PMID: 10748651

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2000

Authors : P Caramaschi, D Biasi, A Carletto, M Randon, M L Pacor, L M Bambara

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Miscarriage :

CK(516) : AC(35), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Topic: Myelopathy

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Neurologic Disorders

"It has been proposed that idiopathic ataxias and central nervous system white

matter disease are gluten-sensitive syndromes." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Curr Opin Neurol. 2002 Oct ;15(5):519-23. PMID: 12351994

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Adrian J Wills, David J Unsworth

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Idiopathic : CK(11) : AC(2), Neurologic Disorders : CK(63) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Neuropathy

A large number of neurologic syndromes may result from gluten intolerance. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2005 Apr;128(4 Suppl 1):S92-7. PMID: 15825133

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

177

Authors : Khalafalla O Bushara

Study T ype : Commentary

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Chorea :

CK(1) : AC(1), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Guillain-Barre Syndrome : CK(84) : AC(14),

Huntington Disease : CK(45) : AC(17), Myelopathy : CK(11) : AC(2), Neuropathy : CK(158) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Topic: Osteoarthritis

Lectins bind to inflamed synovial tissue of patients with osteoarthritis and

rheumatoid arthritis. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Histochem Suppl. 1988;36:277-83. PMID: 3150561

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1988

Authors : P Fritz, H V Tuczek, J Hoenes, A Mischlinski, A Grau, C Hage, A Koenig, G Wegner

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Osteoarthritis : CK(615) : AC(91), Rheumatoid Arthritis : CK(414) : AC(64)

Problem Substances : Lectins : CK(35) : AC(27), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) : AC(39)

Topic: Oxidative Stress

Despite the belief that immune-mediation is required for gliadin to damage to

the body, gliadin appears to directly damage the cells exposed to it; i - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 14 ;11(38):5973-7. PMID: 16273608

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Luca Elli, Leda Roncoroni, Barbara Costa, Maria-Pia Colleoni, Vito Lorusso,

Simona Ramponi, Paola Braidotti, Stefano Ferrero, Maria-Letizia Falini, Maria-Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Oxidative Stress : CK(1880) : AC(710)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35), Oxidant : CK(104) : AC(37)

Category: Adverse Pharmacological Actions

Topic: Neurotoxic

A high prevalence of gluten sensitivity is found in sporadic and hereditary

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2001 Apr;49(4):540-3. PMID: 11310636

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2001

Authors : K O Bushara, S U Goebel, H Shill, L G Goldfarb, M Hallett

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Antigliadin antibodies are found at a higher prevalence in Cuban patients with

178

spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Mar ;79(3):315-7. Epub 2007 Oct 19. PMID:

17951282

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2008

Authors : L E Almaguer-Mederos, Y R Almira, E M Góngora, D A Gotay, Y G Zaldivar, R E Pupo, G S Cruz,

J M Brown, D C Almarales, L V Pérez

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Celiac disease is associated with ataxic syndromes without definite diagnosis,

suggesting that it plays a part in the pathogenesis of some ataxic syndromes. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999 Jan ;66(1):32-5. PMID: 9886447

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1999

Authors : M T Pellecchia, R Scala, A Filla, G De Michele, C Ciacci, P Barone

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Cerebellar : CK(67) : AC(3), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Epilepsy with cerebral calcifications of unexplained origin may likely be caused

by undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1992 Aug 22;340(8817):439-43. PMID: 1354781

Article Published Date : Aug 22, 1992

Authors : G Gobbi, F Bouquet, L Greco, A Lambertini, C A Tassinari, A Ventura, M G Zaniboni

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebral Calcifications : CK(13) : AC(2), Epilepsy :

CK(128) : AC(27), Epilepsy: With Cerebral Calcifications : CK(24) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Food allergies and migraine. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1979 May 5 ;1(8123):966-9. PMID: 87628

Authors : Grant EC.

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54)

T herapeutic Actions : Dietary Modification: Elimination Diet : CK(33) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Gluten sensitivity is a clinically confirmed problem in multiple sclerosis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Sep;1173:343-9. PMID: 19758171

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Dana Ben-Ami Shor, Ori Barzilai, Maya Ram, David Izhaky, Bat Sheva Porat-Katz, Joab

Chapman, Miri Blank, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Yehuda Shoenfeld

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

179

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Multiple Sclerosis : CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Gluten sensitivity is associated with sporadic cerebellar ataxia in Taiwan. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Taiwan. 2010 Dec;19(4):263-9. PMID: 21210327

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2010

Authors : Chin-San Liu, Bing-Wen Soong, Yi-Chung Lee, Woan-Ling Chen, Chen-Ling Kuo, Wen-Ling

Cheng, Ching-Shan Huang, Wei-Ting Lin

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Headache and CNS white matter abnormalities may be associated with gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2001 Feb 13 ;56(3):385-8. PMID: 11171906

Article Published Date : Feb 13, 2001

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, R A Grünewald, M Lawden, G A Davies-Jones, T Powell, C M Smith

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : CNS White Matter Abnormalities : CK(10) : AC(1), Headache : CK(657) : AC(72)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Highly significant increases compared with controls were found in patients with

multiple sclerosis for IgA and IgG antibodies against gliadin and gluten and IgA

antibodies against casein. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Neurol Scand. 2004 Oct;110(4):239-41. PMID: 15355487

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2004

Authors : K-L Reichelt, D Jensen

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Casein Intolerance : CK(44) : AC(7), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Multiple Sclerosis

: CK(716) : AC(133)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) :

AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Individuals with schizophrenia have a novel immune response to gluten. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Res. 2010 May;118(1-3):248-55. Epub 2009 Sep 11. PMID: 19748229

Article Published Date : May 01, 2010

Authors : Diana Samaroo, Faith Dickerson, Donald D Kasarda, Peter H R Green, Chiara Briani, Robert H

Yolken, Armin Alaedini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Markers of gluten sensitivity and celiac disease are increased in recent-onset

psychosis and multi-episode schizophrenia. - GMI Summary

180

Pubmed Data : Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Jul 1;68(1):100-4. Epub 2010 May 14. PMID: 20471632

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2010

Authors : Faith Dickerson, Cassie Stallings, Andrea Origoni, Crystal Vaughan, Sunil Khushalani, Flora

Leister, Shuojia Yang, Bogdana Krivogorsky, Armin Alaedini, Robert Yolken

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Psychoses :

CK(12) : AC(3), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Neurological symptoms occur in 6-10% of those with celiac disease, with

cerebella ataxia being the most frequent symptom. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2009 Dec 15;24(16):2358-62. PMID: 19845007

Article Published Date : Dec 15, 2009

Authors : Katrin Bürk, Marie-Louise Farecki, Georg Lamprecht, Guenter Roth, Patrice Decker, Michael

Weller, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Wolfang Oertel

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Carpal Tunnel Syndrome : CK(80) : AC(8), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar

Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54),

Psychiatric Disorders : CK(71) : AC(10), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Persons with schizophrenia have higher than expected titers of antibodies

related to celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Schizophr Bull. 2011 Jan;37(1):94-100. Epub 2009 Jun 3. PMID: 19494248

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2011

Authors : Nicola G Cascella, Debra Kryszak, Bushra Bhatti, Patricia Gregory, Deanna L Kelly, Joseph P

Mc Evoy, Alessio Fasano, William W Eaton

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Schizophrenia : CK(247) : AC(29), Wheat Intolerance :

CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Sensory ganglionopathy may be a manifestation of gluten sensitivity. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2010 Sep 14;75(11):1003-8. PMID: 20837968

Article Published Date : Sep 14, 2010

Authors : M Hadjivassiliou, D G Rao, S B Wharton, D S Sanders, R A Grünewald, A G B Davies-Jones

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), Peripheral

Neuropathies : CK(454) : AC(31), Sensory Neuropathies : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) :

AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There is a high prevlance of gluten sensitivity in Japanese patients with adultonset

cerebellar ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Intern Med. 2006;45(3):135-40. Epub 2006 Mar 1. PMID: 16508226

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006 181

Authors : Masafumi Ihara, Fumi Makino, Hideyuki Sawada, Takahiro Mezaki, Kotaro Mizutani, Hiroshi

Nakase, Makoto Matsui, Hidekazu Tomimoto, Shun Shimohama

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4), Gluten Sensitivity :

CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

There is a trend toward a higher prevalence of antigliadin antibodies in

patients with sporadic ataxia and dominant ataxia. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neurology. 2003 May 27 ;60(10):1674-5. PMID: 12771263

Article Published Date : May 27, 2003

Authors : M Abele, L Schöls, S Schwartz, T Klockgether

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Dominant : CK(10) : AC(1), Ataxia: Sporadic : CK(10) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Those with celiac disease may experience neurological damage as a result of

the intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Gastroenterology. 2007 Jul ;133(1):195-206. Epub 2007 May 3. PMID: 17631142

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2007

Authors : Elisabetta Cervio, Umberto Volta, Manuela Verri, Federica Boschi, Ornella Pastoris,

Alessandro Granito, Giovanni Barbara, Claudia Parisi, Cristina Felicani, Marcello Tonini, Roberto De

Giorgio

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic : CK(1465) : AC(1099)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

A woman with daily headaches caused by wheat consumption has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Headache Pain. 2005 Apr ;6(2):91-2. Epub 2005 Apr 8. PMID: 16362649

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2005

Authors : Julio Pascual, Carlos Leno

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Headache : CK(657) : AC(72)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Case study: a migraine as initial presentation of celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Rev Neurol (Paris). 2012 Mar 7. Epub 2012 Mar 7. PMID: 22405455

Article Published Date : Mar 07, 2012

Authors : L Benjilali, M Zahlane, L Essaadouni

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Migraine Disorders : CK(455) : AC(54)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

182

Gluten encephalopathy with psychiatric onset has been reported. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2009;5:16. Epub 2009 Jun 26. PMID: 19558661

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Nicola Poloni, Simone Vender, Emilio Bolla, Paola Bortolaso, Chiara Costantini, Camilla

Callegari

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Encephalopathies : CK(11) : AC(5), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Polyneuropathies :

CK(38) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Progressive ataxia with palatal tremor due to gluten sensitivity has been

reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Mov Disord. 2012 Jan ;27(1):62-3. PMID: 22252893

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Ammar Kheder, Stuart Currie, Charles Romanowski, Marios Hadjivassiliou

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Tremor : CK(39) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

"It has been proposed that idiopathic ataxias and central nervous system white

matter disease are gluten-sensitive syndromes." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Curr Opin Neurol. 2002 Oct ;15(5):519-23. PMID: 12351994

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2002

Authors : Adrian J Wills, David J Unsworth

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia: Idiopathic : CK(11) : AC(2), Neurologic Disorders : CK(63) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Celiac disease should be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of neurological

dysfunction of unknown cause, including ataxia, epilepsy and dementia. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Dec ;62(4):969-72. Epub 2004 Dec 15. PMID: 15608953

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2004

Authors : José Ibiapina Siqueira Neto, Ana Carolina Leite Vieira Costa, Francisco George Magalhães,

Gisele Sampaio Silva

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Dementia : CK(225) : AC(31),

Epilepsy : CK(128) : AC(27)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic : CK(1064) : AC(179)

Topic: Immunoreactive

"Whereas the development of anti-transglutaminase 2 IgA is linked with

gastrointestinal disease, an anti-transglutaminase 6 IgG and IgA response is

prevalent in gluten ataxia." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Neurol. 2008 Sep ;64(3):332-43. PMID: 18825674 183

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2008

Authors : Marios Hadjivassiliou, Pascale Aeschlimann, Alexander Strigun, David S Sanders, Nicola

Woodroofe, Daniel Aeschlimann

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Ataxia : CK(96) : AC(14), Gluten Ataxia : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

An adverse immune reaction to wheat proteins is more commonly apparent

(anti-tTG) in Sjögren's syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Rheumatol. 2003 Dec ;30(12):2613-9. PMID: 14719202

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2003

Authors : Leeanne M Luft, Susan G Barr, Liam O Martin, Edward K L Chan, Marvin J Fritzler

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Additional Keywords : Sjogren's Syndrome : CK(81) : AC(14)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Approximately 1 in every 3 patients with atopic eczema are positive for antigliadin

and/or anti-milk antibodies, indicating they may play a causitive role in

the disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Dermatol. 1985 May;10(3):222-8. PMID: 4006283

Article Published Date : May 01, 1985

Authors : R Finn, M M Harvey, P M Johnson, J L Verbov, R M Barnes

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Children with atopic dermatitis commonly have specif IgE to common food

allergens. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Immunol. 2012 Mar ;9(1):32-8. PMID: 22426165

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Shirin Farjadian, Sara Kashef, Maryam Tavakoli, Soheila Alyasin,

Maryam Afrasiab, Marzieh Orooj

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Allergy: Cow's Milk : CK(92) : AC(18), Atopic Dermatitis: Infant & Childhood : CK(170) :

AC(14), Food Allergies : CK(390) : AC(53), Food Allergies/Intolerances: Cereals/Grains : CK(11) : AC(2),

Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Nightshade Foods Intolerance : CK(10) : AC(1)

Problem Substances : Cow Milk : CK(368) : AC(46), Egg : CK(20) : AC(3), Nuts : CK(10) : AC(1), Peanut :

CK(31) : AC(5), Potato : CK(43) : AC(11), Tomato : CK(10) : AC(1), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Collagenous enterocolitis represents a diffuse manifestation of gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Gastroenterol. 1992 Jul ;15(1):45-51. PMID: 1500661

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1992

Authors : T M McCashland, J P Donovan, R S Strobach, J Linder, E M Quigley

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Colitis: Collagenous : CK(20) : AC(1), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

184

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17), Inflammatory : CK(150) :

AC(37)

Elevated IgA rheumatoid factor may result from wheat consumption. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Acta Derm Venereol. 1995 Mar ;75(2):130-2. PMID: 7604641

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 1995

Authors : M Sökjer, T Jónsson, S Bödvarsson, I Jónsdóttir, H Valdimarsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246), IgA rheumatoid factor: elevated : CK(20) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Multiple myeloma patients exhibit humoral immunoreactivity to gliadin and to

tissue transglutaminase, not unlike those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2008;9:22. Epub 2008 May 28. PMID: 18507842

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2008

Authors : [No authors listed]

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Patients with multiple myeloma have immunoreactivity to gliadin similar to

those with celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : BMC Immunol. 2009;10:32. Epub 2009 May 31. PMID: 19480718

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Aleksandra Konic-Ristic, Dejan Dodig, Radmilo Krstic, Svetislav Jelic, Ivan Stankovic,

Aleksandra Ninkovic, Jelena Radic, Irina Besu, Branka Bonaci-Nikolic, Njegica Jojic, Milica Djordjevic,

Dragan Popovic, Zorica Juranic

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Multiple Myeloma : CK(146) : AC(53), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Differences in Immunoreactivity Within Different Wheat Cultivars : CK(11) :

AC(2), Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Some patients with NHL possessed immunoreactivity to gliadin , indicating this

protein may contribute to immune imbalance in the condition. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Int J Hematol. 2009 Sep ;90(2):212-6. Epub 2009 Jul 17. PMID: 19609644

Article Published Date : Sep 01, 2009

Authors : Zorica D Juranić, Irina Besu, Svetislav Jelić, Aleksandra Konić-Ristić, Suzana Matković,

Ljiljana Janković, Dusica Gavrilović, Branka Radojcić, Ivana Minić

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma : CK(515) : AC(67)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

At least 10% of sporadic cerebellar ataxia may be related to immune-mediated

mechanisms which include gliadin intolerance. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur Neurol. 2009 ;62(6):356-61. Epub 2009 Sep 26. PMID: 19786780

185

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Roberto Fancellu, Davide Pareyson, Elena Corsini, Ettore Salsano, Matilde Laurà, Gaetano

Bernardi, Carlo Antozzi, Francesca Andreetta, Maurizio Colecchia, Stefano Di Donato, Caterina Mariotti

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Cerebellar Ataxia : CK(36) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Omega-5 gliadin anaphylaxis has been reported. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun ;43(3):92-4. PMID: 21789971

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2011

Authors : M R Yacoub, E Savi, S E Burastero, S Dal Farra, C Mason, S Pecora, G Colombo

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

"Wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis possibly sensitized by the

hydrolyzed wheat proteins in a facial cleansing soap" - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J UOEH. 2012 Mar 1 ;34(1):85-9. PMID: 22428462

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Miwa Kobayashi, Risa Okura, Haruna Yoshioka, Kana Hiromasa, Manabu Yoshioka, Motonobu

Nakamura

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Anaphylaxis: Exercise-Induced : CK(27) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Because anti-gliadin antibodies bind to neuronal synapsin I it is possible that

molecular mimicry and antibody cross-reactivity are responsbile for

neurological symptoms associated with gluten sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Immunol. 2007 May 15 ;178(10):6590-5. PMID: 17475890

Article Published Date : May 15, 2007

Authors : Armin Alaedini, Haruka Okamoto, Chiara Briani, Kurt Wollenberg, Holly A Shill, Khalafalla O

Bushara, Howard W Sander, Peter H R Green, Mark Hallett, Norman Latov

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity

: CK(2319) : AC(246), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Anti-Gliadin Antibodies : CK(71) : AC(8)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17)

Topic: Immunotoxic

Celiac disease is a common condition in Down syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995 Nov;21(4):443-5. PMID: 8583297

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 1995

Authors : U Jansson, C Johansson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Down Syndrome : CK(50) : AC(5)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

186

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Children with autism show elevations against gliadin (wheat protein) and

cerebellar proteins simultaneously. These proteins simulate antibodies that

may cross-react, resulting in neurological damage. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Jun;7(3):151-61. PMID: 15526989

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2004

Authors : A Vojdani, T O'Bryan, J A Green, J Mccandless, K N Woeller, E Vojdani, A A Nourian, E L

Cooper

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autism : CK(1340) : AC(65), Autism Spectrum Disorders : CK(1118) : AC(108), Autoimmune

Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Molecular Mimicry : CK(47) : AC(10)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Intolerance to wheat (CD autoantibodies) is higher than background rates in

those with Turner syndrome. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 May;156(2):205-10. Epub 2009 Feb 26. PMID: 19298606

Article Published Date : May 01, 2009

Authors : K H Mortensen, L Cleemann, B E Hjerrild, E Nexo, H Locht, E M Jeppesen, C H Gravholt

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Diabetes

Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78), Turner Syndrome : CK(10) :

AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There is a high frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease among celiac disease

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Jul;37(1):63-6. PMID: 12827007

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2003

Authors : Nicoletta Ansaldi, Tiziana Palmas, Andrea Corrias, Maria Barbato, Mario Rocco D'Altiglia,

Angelo Campanozzi, Mariella Baldassarre, Francesco Rea, Rosanna Pluvio, Margherita Bonamico,

Rosanna Lazzari, Giovanni Corrao

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Autoimmune Thyroiditis : CK(134) : AC(17), Celiac

Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

There is evidence that intolerance to wheat (measured by CD associated antiendomysial

antibodies) may play a role in Graves' disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Digestion. 1999 Jan-Feb;60(1):86-8. PMID: 9892805

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1999

Authors : A Carroccio, N Custro, G Montalto, L Giannitrapani, M Soresi, A Notarbartolo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Graves Disease : CK(93) : AC(9)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104) 187

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Thyroid autoimmunity is associated with celiac disease in children. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : J Pediatr. 2010 Feb;156(2):292-5. Epub 2009 Oct 20. PMID: 19846116

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2010

Authors : Alessandra Cassio, Giampaolo Ricci, Federico Baronio, Angela Miniaci, Milva Bal, Barbara

Bigucci, Veronica Conti, Alessandro Cicognani

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185),

Hypothyroidism : CK(525) : AC(78)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies from celiac patients are responsible for

trophoblast damage associated with infertility. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Oct ;105(10):2254-61. Epub 2010 Jun 22. PMID: 20571491

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010

Authors : Nicoletta Di Simone, Marco Silano, Roberta Castellani, Fiorella Di Nicuolo, Maria C

D'Alessio, Francesco Franceschi, Alessandra Tritarelli, Antonio M Leone, Chiara Tersigni, Giovanni

Gasbarrini, Nicolò G Silveri, Alessandro Caruso, Antonio Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic : CK(1465) : AC(1099)

Additional Keywords : Apoptotic : CK(1465) : AC(1099)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Dietary gluten influences the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2012 ;7(3):e33315. Epub 2012 Mar 13. PMID: 22428018

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Julie Christine Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Dietary gluten reduces the number of intestinal regulatory T cells in mice which

may result in loss of self-tolerance and therefore increased risk of type 1

diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Immunol. 2008 Jun ;67(6):553-9. PMID: 18476878

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2008

Authors : M Ejsing-Duun, J Josephsen, B Aasted, K Buschard, A K Hansen

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Pharmacological Actions : Interleukin-10 downregulation : CK(73) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: Teratogenic

188

Recurrent miscarriages may occur due to undiagnosed celiac disease, and may

resolve after a gluten-free diet. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Nov;53(11):2925-8. Epub 2008 Mar 27. PMID: 18368491

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2008

Authors : Antonio Tursi, Gianmarco Giorgetti, Giovanni Brandimarte, Walter Elisei

Study T ype : Meta Analysis

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Celiac disease associated antibodies are higher in Argentine women with

recurrent pregnancy loss. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Am J Reprod Immunol. 2006 Mar;55(3):201-7. PMID: 16451354

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006

Authors : Daniel Bustos, Ana Moret, Monica Tambutti, Sebastian Gogorza, Roberto Testa, Amanda

Ascione, Norma Prigoshin

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Unexplained infertility in women may be due to celiac disease. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Minerva Med. 2007 Jun;98(3):217-9. PMID: 17592443

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2007

Authors : R Pellicano, M Astegiano, M Bruno, S Fagoonee, M Rizzetto

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Infertility : CK(443) : AC(94), Infertility: Female :

CK(182) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Wheat : CK(2371) :

AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Recurrent miscarriages may be due to undiagnosed celiac disease. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Recenti Prog Med. 2000 Feb;91(2):72-5. PMID: 10748651

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2000

Authors : P Caramaschi, D Biasi, A Carletto, M Randon, M L Pacor, L M Bambara

Study T ype : Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Abortion: Spontaneous : CK(204) : AC(29), Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Miscarriage :

CK(516) : AC(35), Miscarriage: Recurrent : CK(21) : AC(3)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Teratogenic : CK(304) : AC(59)

Topic: Inflammatory

Collagenous enterocolitis represents a diffuse manifestation of gluten

sensitivity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : J Clin Gastroenterol. 1992 Jul ;15(1):45-51. PMID: 1500661

Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1992

189

Authors : T M McCashland, J P Donovan, R S Strobach, J Linder, E M Quigley

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Colitis: Collagenous : CK(20) : AC(1), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunoreactive : CK(127) : AC(17), Inflammatory : CK(150) :

AC(37)

Gluten elicits its harmful effect, throughout an IL15 innate immune response,

on all the individuals. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Gut. 2007 Jun;56(6):889-90. PMID: 17519496

Article Published Date : Oct 21, 1976

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37), Interleukin-15 downregulation :

CK(10) : AC(1)

Celiac disease and autoimmune pancreatitis: a case report. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Nov ;23(12):1270-2. PMID: 21946127

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2011

Authors : Ibrahim Masoodi, Hamidullah Wani, Khalid Alsayari, Tarek Sulaiman, Nadeem Syed Hassan,

Adel Nazmi Alqutub, Ahmed Al Omair, Abed H Al-Lehibi

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Pancreatitis : CK(163) : AC(40)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Dietary gluten alters the balance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory

cytokines in T cells of BALB/c mice, indicating that gluten may contribute to

increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Immunology. 2012 Aug 22. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID: 22913724

Article Published Date : Aug 21, 2012

Authors : Julie C Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention :

CK(163) : AC(24), Inflammation : CK(1014) : AC(348)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Retinoic Acid (a Vitamin A metabolite) in conjunction with IL-15 promotes

rather than prevents Inflammation in Celiacs - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Nature. 2011 Mar 10 ;471(7337):220-4. Epub 2011 Feb 9. PMID: 21307853

Article Published Date : Mar 09, 2011

Authors : R W DePaolo, V Abadie, F Tang, H Fehlner-Peach, J A Hall, W Wang, E V Marietta, D D

Kasarda, T A Waldmann, J A Murray, C Semrad, S S Kupfer, Y Belkaid, S Guandalini, B Jabri

Study T ype : Transgenic Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Vitamin A : CK(371) : AC(58)

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185)

Additional Keywords : Celiac Disease : CK(4) : AC(2), HLA-DQ2/DQ8 : CK(24) : AC(5), IL-15 : CK(4) :

190

AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37)

Wheat gliadin may promote its pro-allergenic effects by upregulation of

interleukin-4 induced IgE production. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cytokine. 2003 Mar 21;21(6):270-80. PMID: 12824000

Article Published Date : Mar 21, 2003

Authors : Bernard Dugas, Nathalie Dugas, Marc Conti, Alphonse Calenda, Paco Pino, Yolène Thomas,

Dominique Mazier, Ioannis Vouldoukis

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5), Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37),

Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation : CK(1) : AC(1)

Topic: Interleukin-15 downregulation

Gluten elicits its harmful effect, throughout an IL15 innate immune response,

on all the individuals. - GMI Summary

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the entire article.

Pubmed Data : Gut. 2007 Jun;56(6):889-90. PMID: 17519496

Article Published Date : Oct 21, 1976

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37), Interleukin-15 downregulation :

CK(10) : AC(1)

Topic: Proliferative

Preparations of gliadin, extracted from wheat gluten, were shown to stimulate

a proliferative response by lymphocytes of normal donors. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1980;62(2):162-7. PMID: 7372365

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1980

Authors : A J Frew, S Bright, P R Shewry, A Munro

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Proliferative : CK(13) : AC(3)

Topic: Nephrotoxic

Gluten sensitivity is prevalent in patients with IgA nephropathy. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Aug;24(8):2476-81. Epub 2009 Mar 30. PMID: 19332868

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2009

Authors : Hilde Kloster Smerud, Bengt Fellström, Roger Hällgren, Sonia Osagie, Per Venge, Gudjón

Kristjánsson

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

191

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), IgA Nephropathy : CK(186) : AC(22)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

"A child with atypical celiac disease and recurrent urolithiasis." - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Iran J Kidney Dis. 2012 Mar ;6(2):146-8. PMID: 22388615

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2012

Authors : Eric L Yarnell

Study T ype : Human: Case Report

Additional Links

Diseases : Hydronephrosis : CK(3) : AC(1), Kidney Stones : CK(157) : AC(28), Urolithiasis : CK(8) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Nephrotoxic : CK(162) : AC(38)

Topic: Diabetogenic

A casein- and wheat-free diet was associated with the lowest rate of

autoimmune diabetes (type 1) development in mice. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(3):208-17. Epub 2009 May 27. PMID: 19478481

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009

Authors : Daniela B Mueller, Kerstin Koczwara, Andreas S Mueller, Josef Pallauf, Anette-G Ziegler, Ezio

Bonifacio

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14)

Delayed exposure to wheat and barley proteins reduces diabetes incidence in

non-obese diabetic mice. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Clin Immunol. 2004 Apr;111(1):108-18. PMID: 15093559

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2004

Authors : Sandra Schmid, Kerstin Koczwara, Susanne Schwinghammer, Vito Lampasona, Anette-G

Ziegler, Ezio Bonifacio

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1: Prevention : CK(163) : AC(24)

Problem Substances : Barley : CK(13) : AC(3), Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131),

Grains : CK(27) : AC(8), Wheat : CK(2371) : AC(280)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14)

Dietary gluten influences the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2012 ;7(3):e33315. Epub 2012 Mar 13. PMID: 22428018

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Authors : Julie Christine Antvorskov, Petra Fundova, Karsten Buschard, David P Funda

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Autoimmune Diseases : CK(5084) : AC(779), Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Dietary gluten reduces the number of intestinal regulatory T cells in mice which

may result in loss of self-tolerance and therefore increased risk of type 1

diabetes. - GMI Summary

192

Pubmed Data : Scand J Immunol. 2008 Jun ;67(6):553-9. PMID: 18476878

Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2008

Authors : M Ejsing-Duun, J Josephsen, B Aasted, K Buschard, A K Hansen

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1 : CK(1023) : AC(221)

Pharmacological Actions : Interleukin-10 downregulation : CK(73) : AC(21)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Diabetogenic : CK(124) : AC(14), Immunotoxic : CK(230) : AC(38)

Topic: Allergenic

Wheat intolerance is a common causative factor in atopic dermatitis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Allergy. 2000 Apr;55(4):386-91. PMID: 10782525

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 2000

Authors : E Varjonen, E Vainio, K Kalimo

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Atopic Dermatitis : CK(667) : AC(80), Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat

Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5)

Wheat gliadin may promote its pro-allergenic effects by upregulation of

interleukin-4 induced IgE production. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cytokine. 2003 Mar 21;21(6):270-80. PMID: 12824000

Article Published Date : Mar 21, 2003

Authors : Bernard Dugas, Nathalie Dugas, Marc Conti, Alphonse Calenda, Paco Pino, Yolène Thomas,

Dominique Mazier, Ioannis Vouldoukis

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5), Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37),

Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation : CK(1) : AC(1)

Topic: Cardiotoxic

Celiac disease has been associated with autoimmune myocarditis. - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : Circulation. 2002 Jun 4;105(22):2611-8. PMID: 12045166

Article Published Date : Jun 04, 2002

Authors : Andrea Frustaci, Lucio Cuoco, Cristina Chimenti, Maurizio Pieroni, Giuseppina Fioravanti,

Nicola Gentiloni, Attilio Maseri, Giovanni Gasbarrini

Study T ype : Human Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Myocarditis: Autoimmune : CK(14) : AC(3)

Additional Keywords : Diseases that are Linked : CK(2120) : AC(269)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cardiotoxic : CK(628) : AC(74)

Topic: Endocrine Disruptor

193

Gluten exorphins alter serum prolactin levels in male rats. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Feb;7(1):53-5. PMID: 15085559

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2004

Authors : G Fanciulli, A Dettori, M P Demontis, V Anania, G Delitala

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Male Hormone Imbalances : CK(14) : AC(3), Prolactin: Inappropriate Secretion : CK(4) : AC(1)

Additional Keywords : Food Drugs : CK(4) : AC(2)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81)

Gluten exorphins have an effect on plasma insulin and glucagon levels in dogs. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes. 1981 Apr ;30(4):362-4. PMID: 7009280

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1981

Authors : V Schusdziarra, I Henrichs, A Holland, M Klier, E F Pfeiffer

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glucagon: Excess Secretion : CK(2) : AC(1), Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81), Endocrine Disruptor:

Insulin Resistance : CK(152) : AC(31)

Topic: Immunosuppressive

Leukocyte migration was inhibited by the wheat-derived peptides in celiac

patients. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Neuropeptides. 1987 Feb-Mar;9(2):113-22. PMID: 3033541

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1987

Authors : L Graf, K Horvath, E Walcz, I Berzetei, J Burnier

Study T ype : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Immune Disorders: Low Immune Function : CK(488) :

AC(115)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunosuppressive : CK(143) : AC(23)

Topic: Cytotoxic

Bread wheat gliadin exhibits direct and signficant cytotoxicity. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2003 ;63(2):135-41. PMID: 12751695

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2003

Authors : E Dolfini, L Elli, S Ferrero, P Braidotti, L Roncoroni, T Dasdia, M L Falini, F Forlani, M T

Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Despite the belief that immune-mediation is required for gliadin to damage to

the body, gliadin appears to directly damage the cells exposed to it; i - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 14 ;11(38):5973-7. PMID: 16273608 194

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Luca Elli, Leda Roncoroni, Barbara Costa, Maria-Pia Colleoni, Vito Lorusso,

Simona Ramponi, Paola Braidotti, Stefano Ferrero, Maria-Letizia Falini, Maria-Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Oxidative Stress : CK(1880) : AC(710)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35), Oxidant : CK(104) : AC(37)

Gliadin has a direct cytotoxic effect on the cytoskeleton and tight junctions of

epithelial cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec 28 ;11(48):7597-601. PMID: 16437684

Article Published Date : Dec 28, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Leda Roncoroni, Luca Elli, Chiara Fumagalli, Roberto Colombo, Simona

Ramponi, Fabio Forlani, Maria Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Gluten Sensitivity : CK(2319) : AC(246),

Intestinal Permeability : CK(263) : AC(56)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Wheat gliadin exhibits non-specific cytotoxicity to a variety of human cells. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 1976 Feb 14;1(7955):339-41. PMID: 54743

Article Published Date : Feb 14, 1976

Authors : D A Hudson, H J Cornell, D R Purdham, C J Rolles

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Celiac Disease : CK(1393) : AC(185), Gluten Intolerance : CK(236) : AC(33), Wheat Intolerance

: CK(2213) : AC(231)

Additional Keywords : Lectins : CK(58) : AC(36)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35)

Topic: Endocrine Disruptor: Insulin Resistance

Gluten exorphins have an effect on plasma insulin and glucagon levels in dogs. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Diabetes. 1981 Apr ;30(4):362-4. PMID: 7009280

Article Published Date : Apr 01, 1981

Authors : V Schusdziarra, I Henrichs, A Holland, M Klier, E F Pfeiffer

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Glucagon: Excess Secretion : CK(2) : AC(1), Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41)

Problem Substances : Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor : CK(463) : AC(81), Endocrine Disruptor:

Insulin Resistance : CK(152) : AC(31)

Topic: Endocrine Disruptor: Pancreas

Gluten exorphin modulate pancreatic endocrine function by stimulating insulin

release. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Life Sci. 1995;57(7):729-34. PMID: 7637543

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1995 195

Authors : S Fukudome, A Shimatsu, H Suganuma, M Yoshikawa

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Insulin: Elevated : CK(186) : AC(41), Insulin Disorders : CK(15) : AC(4)

Problem Substances : Gluten exorphins : CK(26) : AC(10)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Endocrine Disruptor: Pancreas : CK(4) : AC(2)

Topic: Serotonin Down-Regulation

Zein, casein and gluten down-regulate tryptophan production in the rat brain. -

GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Physiol Behav. 2009 Aug 4 ;98(1-2):156-62. Epub 2009 May 18. PMID: 19454292

Article Published Date : Aug 04, 2009

Authors : Sujean Choi, Briana Disilvio, Madelyn H Fernstrom, John D Fernstrom

Study T ype : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Serotonin Disorders : CK(17) : AC(5)

Problem Substances : Casein : CK(123) : AC(16), Gluten : CK(1610) : AC(131), Zein : CK(2) : AC(1)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Serotonin Down-Regulation : CK(2) : AC(1)

Topic: Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation

Wheat gliadin may promote its pro-allergenic effects by upregulation of

interleukin-4 induced IgE production. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cytokine. 2003 Mar 21;21(6):270-80. PMID: 12824000

Article Published Date : Mar 21, 2003

Authors : Bernard Dugas, Nathalie Dugas, Marc Conti, Alphonse Calenda, Paco Pino, Yolène Thomas,

Dominique Mazier, Ioannis Vouldoukis

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Food Allergies: Wheat : CK(366) : AC(47), Wheat Intolerance : CK(2213) : AC(231)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Allergenic : CK(25) : AC(5), Inflammatory : CK(150) : AC(37),

Interleukin-4 Up-Regulation : CK(1) : AC(1)

Topic: Oxidant

Despite the belief that immune-mediation is required for gliadin to damage to

the body, gliadin appears to directly damage the cells exposed to it; i - GMI

Summary

Pubmed Data : World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Oct 14 ;11(38):5973-7. PMID: 16273608

AVVVrticle Published Date : Oct 14, 2005

Authors : Ersilia Dolfini, Luca Elli, Leda Roncoroni, Barbara Costa, Maria-Pia Colleoni, Vito Lorusso,

Simona Ramponi, Paola Braidotti, Stefano Ferrero, Maria-Letizia Falini, Maria-Teresa Bardella

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Gastrointestinal Inflammation : CK(41) : AC(7), Oxidative Stress : CK(1880) : AC(710)

Problem Substances : Gliadin : CK(2369) : AC(104)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic : CK(68) : AC(35), Oxidant : CK(104) : AC(37)

Topic: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C Up-Regulation

Chitin hydrolysate and to a lesser degree WGA stimulate VEGF-C synthesis in 196

breast cancer cells. - GMI Summary

Pubmed Data : Cell Biol Int. 2011 Mar 1;35(3):281-6. PMID: 21029043

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2011

Authors : Alexander V Timoshenko

Study T ype : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Breast Cancer : CK(2125) : AC(566)

Problem Substances : Chitin Hydrolysate : CK(1) : AC(1), Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) : CK(821) :

AC(39)

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C Up-Regulation : CK(1) :

AC(1)

197